Transcript Document 7198897

The FNAL “LHC
Physics Center”
Sarah Eno, U. Maryland
Wine & Cheese
Feb. 17, 2006, FNAL
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Outline
• Status of LHC
• The CMS Experiment
• Why an “LHC Physics Center” here at FNAL
• Impact of the LPC
• Future of LPC
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It’s been a long time…
1983: Tevatron reaches 500 GeV
1985: Tevatron reaches 800 GeV
20 years!
1987: First collisions in CDF
1982
1987
Installing main ring dipole magnets
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Now
Installation of LHC dipole magnets
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Now
“data”
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What is the LHC?
In the LEP tunnel
 proposed in 1993
 pp s =14 TeV L=1034 cm-2 s-1=10 mb-1MHz
 crossing rate 40 MHz (25 ns)
 circumference of 27 km (16.8 miles)
Cost of about $3B? (depending on accounting method, conversion rate, etc)
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LHC & Tevatron
Tevatron
Center-of-mass 1.96 TeV
energy
Crossing time
396 ns
Design
luminosity
Number of
experiments
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LHC
14 TeV
25 ns
3x10e32 cm-2s-1
10e34 cm-2s-1
2
4
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LHC & Tevatron
Particle
Tevatron (ppbar,
0.2 nb-1s-1=2 fb1/yr, 1.96 TeV)
LHC (pp, 10 nb-1s1=100 fb-1/yr, 14
TeV)
Top quarks
1x104/year*
9x108/ year *
W’s
4x107/year
2x1010/year
anything
1x1014/year
1x1016/year
* 1 “snowmass” year = 107 s
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Physics Goals
M(H)>114.4 GeV
direct search
M ( H )  285 GeV, 95% c.l.
+74
M(H)=129-49
GeV
1 year
design lum
1 year
1/10th lum
1 month
1/10th lum
If we can start up at 1/10th design luminosity, we’ll discover a Higgs
with mass greater than 130 GeV within 1 year. Will cover entire
theoretically allowed range with 1 year of design luminosity.
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If we are lucky…
sps
pp collision
The SppS turned on at 1% of
final instantaeous luminosity,
but in the first run of a few
months discovered the W and
Z bosons.
s  540 GeV
While these
experiments did some
nice measurements
after this, they never
again did anything
anywhere near as
exciting as this early
discovery.
Z0
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Physics Goals
Mass(GeV)
 (pb)
500
1000
100
1
2000
0.0
1
Evts/month
Low lumhigh lum
105-106
103-104
101-102
Dramatic event signatures (LSP) and large
cross section mean we could discover SUSY
quickly, if it exists.
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2005
Status of the Machine
Roger Bailey, Sept CMS week
Jul: Short ciruit tests to Q5
Oct 13: Q5 to arc. 1/8 of
LHC powered for 24 hrs!
2006: 7-8,8-1,8-7,
ending with injection
test TI8
Dec: hardware
commissioning: LSS8L
LHCb
TI8
Aim to send beam
Q5
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








Out of SPS TT40 
Down TI8 
Inject into LHC R8
Through insertion R8
Through LHCb
Through IP8
Through insertion L8
Through arc 8-7
To dump at Q6 R7 12
LHC Accelerator
•
All key objectives have been reached for the end of 2005 (L. Evans).
• End of repair of QRL, reinstallation of sector 7-8 and cold test of
sub-sectors A and B.
• Cool-down of full sector 8-1.
• Pressure test of sector 4-5.
• Endurance test of full octant of power converters.
•
Magnet installation rate is now close to 20/week, with more than 200
installed. This, together with interconnect work, will remain the main
bottleneck until the end of installation.
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Status of the Machine
Nominal settings
Beam energy (TeV)
7.0
Number of particles per bunch
1.15 1011
Number of bunches per beam
2808
Crossing angle (rad)
285
Nomalised transverse emittance (m rad)
3.75
Bunch length (cm)
7.55
Beta function at IP 1, 2, 5, 8 (m)
0.55,10,0.55,10
Related parameters
Luminosity in IP 1 & 5 (cm-2 s-1)
1034
Transverse beam size at IP 1 & 5 (m)
16.7
Stored energy per beam (MJ)
362
Bailey, Sept CMS week
1034 cm-2s-1= 10 nb-1s-1= 100
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fb-1y-1 (1y=107s)
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Turn-On
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Proposal for early proton
running
Phase I collimators and partial beam dump
1. Pilot physics run with few bunches
• 43 bunches, unsqueezed, low intensity
• Push performance 156 bunches
2. 75ns operation
3. 25ns operation with Phase I collimators + partial beam dump
Phase II collimators and full beam dump
4. 25ns operation
• Push towards nominal performance
Bailey, Sept CMS week
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CMS
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It’s real!
CMS
CMS Detector, Sept. 2005
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Schedule
Magnet closed:
Magnet test/cosmic challenge:
EB+ installation
: Apr 06
: Apr-Jul 06
: Jul 06
USC ready for crates:
UXC floor shielding & cable chains installed
HF lowering:
: Feb-Mar 06
: April 06-Jun 06
: May 06
YE+/YB+ cable chains cabled
YE3+ lowering start
UXC ready for crates
First connection to USC
EB- installation
Tracker installation
ECAL/Tracker cabling complete
Heavy lowering complete
BPix and FPix:
: June 06
: July 06
: Jul 06
: Jul 06
: Nov 06
: Dec 06
: Feb 07
: Feb 07
: Nov 07
CMS ready to close 15 June 07
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CMS Collaboration
Ordered by size:
USA (525
collaborators), Italy
(398), Russia (326),
CERN (204), France
(146), UK (117),
Germany (116)
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USCMS
47 Institutions
By size (physicists)
FNAL: 58
Florida: 21
UCLA: 15
Davis: 13
US CMS Physicists - L2 Affiliation
HCAL
EMU
DAQ
Pix
Si
Trig
ECAL
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MIT: 13
Rochester: 13
Rutgers: 11
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Tiered System for Data
Mgmt
T0 at CERN
• Record raw data and DST
• Distribute raw data and DST to T1’s
FNAL
Chicago
RAL
Oxford
T1
T1
T1 centers
T1
• Pull data from T0 to T1 and store
• Make data available to T2
FZK
Karlsruhe
T0
T1
T1
T1
T2 centers
• DST analysis….
• Local data distribution
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CNAF
Bologna
IN2P3
Lyon
PIC
Barcelon
a
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Computing in the US
T0 at CERN, T1 at Fermilab as US CMS national center (“super” Tier 1
with twice the resources of other Tier1s),
T2 at UCSD, Caltech, UFlorida, Wisconsin, MIT, Nebraska and Purdue
as regional US CMS centers. ( + Brazil + China)
M.I.T.
Wisconsin*
Nebraska
Purdue
Caltech*
UC San Diego*
Florida*
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Why an LPC?
A rare picture
of the UMD D0
group in
Maryland
Aug. 2004
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Why an LPC?
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Why the Trailers?
• to do shifts
• to fix hardware
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Meyrin Site
Even CERN has
realized the
clustering doesn’t
need to be near the
detector
( After thinking about our
own ROC effort…  )
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What is it that we really need?
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Why the Trailers?
• to keep informed about the status of the detector
• to have ready access to various subsystem experts
• to have access to software experts
• to give talks and establish a reputation that could lead to
the next job
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LPC
Founded Feb 2004
Located on the 11th floor of the FNAL high rise, the purpose of
the LPC is to ensure the US gives the strongest possible
assistance to international CMS in software preparations for Day
1 and to enable physics analysis from within the U.S.
• a critical mass (clustering) of young people who are actively
working on software (reconstruction, particle identification, physics
analysis) in a single location (11th floor of the high rise),
• a resource for University-based US CMS collaborators; a place to
find expertise in their time zone, a place to visit with their software
and analysis questions,
• a brick-and-mortar location for US-based physics analysis, with
such physical infrastructure as large meeting rooms, video
conferencing, large scale computing, and a “water cooler” for
informal discussions of physics.
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LPC
• physical facilities
• people and organization
• impact
• future plans
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Resources: 11th Floor
• Meeting Rooms/Video Conferencing/Internet
• terminals/printers/office supplies
• secretarial and computer support
• Coffee machines/Water cooler
• Lockers for transient use
Meeting
rooms
Remote operations center
Room for 60
transients
from
Universities
plus 60
permanent
residents
Transient
space
Of the 60 permanent slots, 25% are University physicists.
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ROC
15th Sept. ‘05.
Contributors: FNAL (esp Kaori Maeshima, Alan Stone,
Patrick Gartung), MD, Kansas State
•
Will be used for cosmic slice test and 2006
test beams
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We’ve got data!
(working in conjunction with the FNAL CMS Tier1 team)
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Web Information
http://www.uscms.org/LPC/LPC.htm
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Web
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More than just furniture…
Colin
Run by Avi Yagil, Sarah Eno
Steve
Eric
•offline/edm: Liz Sexton-Kennedy (FNAL), Hans Wenzel
(FNAL)
• tracking: Kevin Burkett (FNAL), Steve Wagner (CO)
Michiel
• e/gamma: Yuri Gershtein (FSU), Colin Jessup (Notre Dame)
Rob
• muon: Eric James (FNAL) , Michael Schmitt (Northwestern)
• jet/met: Rob Harris (FNAL), Marek Zielinski (Roch)
• simulation: Daniel Elvira (FNAL), Harry Cheung (FNAL)
Yuri
Daniel
• trigger: Greg Landsberg (Brown) , Kaori Maeshima (FNAL)
• Physics: Boaz Klima (FNAL)
Kevin
Liz
Kaori
Marek
Avi
Hans
Heidi
Greg
Boaz
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Harry
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Inform/Educate
•weekly All USCMS meeting Fridays
• 5 well-attended sessions of CMS 101, 4 successful
Tevatron/LHC workshops, 4 well-attended sessions of
“software tutorials”, tutorials on software tools
• a mini-workshop on LHC turn-on physics, a workshop to
initiate LPC cosmic slice effort, hosted the international CMS
“physics” week, a US CMS Meeting, a 2-week mini summer
school , a “January Term” that gives 1st and 2nd year graduate
students an in-depth introduction to the detector, many
detector sub-system workshops, a workshop to initiate the
“physics” working group
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Summer ‘05
Over 50 University-based physicists visited the LPC
for at least 2 weeks this summer.
11th floor X-over
•Summer school
•CMS 101
•tutorials
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J-Term Intro to CMS at LPC
Attended
by over
70 1st
and 2nd
year grad
students!
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All US CMS Meeting
• (almost) every Friday 2:30 PM
FNAL time
• well-attended both in person
and via vrvs
Typical Agenda
•News from Dan
• News from Ian/Jon
•one topical talk
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May 13 EDM report - Liz Sexton-Kennedy
May 20 sLHC - Wesley Smith
May 27 e/gamma - Yuri Gerstein
Jun 3 trigger - Sridhara
Jun 10 jet/met - Rob Harris
Jun 17 (cancel due to cms week?
Jun 24 (cancel due to cms annual review?)
Jul 1 The CMS Forward Pixel Project - John Conway
Jul 8 Making contact with theorist - Steve Mrenna
Jul 15 muon alignment - Marcus Hohlmann
Jul 22 LPC muon group - Eric James
Jul 27 due to Dan's lecture series
Aug 5 Authorship list requirements - Dan Green
Aug 12 Magnet studies - Rich Smith
Aug 19 Data bases for Cosmic Ray test - Lee
Lueking
Aug 26 luminosity preparation - Dan Marlow
Sep 2 cosmic analysis in the U.S. - Yurii Maravin
Sep 9 cosmic workshop
Sep 16 ROC - Kaori
Sep 23 CMS week
Sep 30 Simulation Certification Project - Daniel
Elvira
Oct 7 physics workshop
Oct 14 (HCAL meeting at FNAL) MET - Richard
Cavanough
Oct 21 Calorimetry Task Force - Jeremy Mans
Oct 28 HCAL calibration - Shuichi Kunori
Nov 4 P420 Proposal - Mike Albrow
Nov 11
Nov 18 Tier 2's for me and you - Ken Bloom
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Impact
Very PRETTY, but what have you DONE?
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Event Data Model
FNAL, Cornell
Ease of accessing data / changing calibrations / updating
geometry / using computing → speed for results on Day 1
Tevatron experts on Event Data Model (EDM) available to bring
their experience with a working system to the CMS effort and to
review and provide scientific leadership in the redesign of CMS
EDM, working closely with others in CERN/Italy/France
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Event Data Model
• working with CMS EDM primary author, began review in early
November, 2005
•presented to the collaboration in Jan 11,
2005
• approved in Feb 9, 2005
• early prototype work demonstrated
during March 2005 CMS week
• first implementation delivered June 2005
• beginning 2006: all major components
of redesign are in place; now in
incremental improvements/maintenance
phase
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Bus Architecture
Start from the raw-raw data
● Producers are scheduled to operate on the event data and produce their
output which is written into the event
● At any point in the processing chain, the execution can be halted and the
contents of the event can be examined outside of the context of the process
that made it
● The schedule can be checked for correctness since the modules can
declare their inputs (and outputs if they are EDProducers)
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Algorithms
• wrote the jet code for the new framework
• visitor wrote MET code in coordination with the jet
code authors
• wrote one of the two main tracking algorithms in
CMS
• working on muon and electron code
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Event Data Model
Ready for the magnet test/ cosmic challenge
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Other LPC “Firsts”
• Trigger group (Dasu)
• Simulation Group (Elvira & Klima)
• ROC (Maeshima)
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Integration with CMS “CPT Project” for
Computing, Software, Physics Reconstruction and
Selection
Project Office
Project Manager
V.Innocente
L.Taylor
Computing
L. Bauerdick
Technical
Program
P.Elmer/S.Lacaprara
Integration
Program
S. Belforte/I. Fisk
Operations
Program
L. Barone
Facilities and
Infrastructure
N. Sinanis
P.Sphicas
Software
Detector-PRS
Analysis-PRS
L.Silvestris
A.Yagil
D.Acosta
P.Sphicas
A.DeRoeck
P.Sphicas
EvF/DQM
L. Sexton
E. Meschi
Reconstruction
Analysis Tools
T. Boccali
L. Lista
I.Tomalin
F. Palla
Calibr/alignment
HCAL/JetMET
O. Buchmuller
L. Lueking
J.Rohlf
C.Tully
ORCA for PTDR
S. Wynhoff
Simulation
M. Stavrianakou
Daniel Elvira
Fast Simulation
P. Janot
Frequently on 11th floor or on LPC advisory council
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ECAL/e-g
Framework
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C. Seez
Y. Sirois
TRACKER/b-t
Heavy Ions
B. Wyslouch
Higgs
S. Nikitenko
Standard Model
J. Mnich
Muons
SUSY & BSM
N. Neumeister
U.Gasparini
L. Pape
M. Spiropulu
OnlineSelection
Generator Tools
S. Dasu
C. Leonidopoulos
F. Moortgat
S. Slabospitsky
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PTDR
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Jet/MET
Jet Reconstruction/Calibration
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Jet/Met & PTDR
Triggers for PTDR Vol.1
• Reasonable single jet trigger tables.
– The ET thresholds, prescales, and
rate estimates at L1 and HLT.
– Four running periods: Lum. = 1032,
1033, 2 x 1033 and 1034 cm-2 s-1.
Single Jet Trigger Table for L = 1032
Path
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L1
HLT
ET
Pre- Rate
(GeV) scale (KHz)
ET
Rate
(GeV) (Hz)
Low
25
2000
0.020
60
2.8
Med
60
40
0.023
120
2.4
High
140
1
0.034
250
2.8
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Examples: Current Projects
Dijet Resonances
Physics for PTDR Vol. 2
• Dijet Resonances
– Z’, q*, rT8, etc.
– K. Gumus Thesis
• Contact Interactions
– Compositeness,
etc.
– S. Esen Thesis
Contact Interactions
No Detector Simulation
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Examples: Current Projects
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Examples: Current Projects
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Examples: Current Projects
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Examples
• HCAL calibration
• energy-flow jet algorithms
• muon identification algorithms
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Impact of LPC
• Although not formally commissioned until early 2005,
LPC scientists have already had a big impact on CMS.
Tevatron experience is a key!
• Review of software framework led to overhaul, and
increased placement of U.S. scientists in management
positions.
• Location at Tier 1 means the LPC is a place where
interfaces between M&O and S&C can be worked out,
with many meetings to make coherent the efforts of both.
• 2005: concentration on the physics-enabling
environment and reconstruction tools. Aspects ranging
from muon identification to trigger tables to jet
calibration.
• 2006: moving closer to physics analyses, via the path of
understanding the detectors during the cosmic challenge
and test beam.
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The LPC & Universities
• a postdoc who is stationed at FNAL working on both CMS and a
Tevatron experiment can have a desk on the 11th floor and be near
people from both experiments.
• a CMS postdoc can be stationed at FNAL and benefit from having
many people close by to interact with
• a postdoc stationed at your university can come for a month, to
get up to speed on analysis basics and to form personal
connections that will help his/her later work
• students can come for the summer to interact with a wide variety
of experts and learn the basics on the CMS environment
• Faculty can come every other week to keep their connections
with the experimental community .
• Faculty can come for a day for help with a particularly knotty
software or analysis problem
Participation in the groups will both help them do physics
and allow them to serve the US and International CMS
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US University Involvement
Simulation: FNAL, FSU, Kansas State, Kansas, Louisiana Tech/Calumet, Maryland,
Northwestern, Notre Dame, Rutgers, UIC, SUNY Buffalo, Nanjin, About
Ciemat, Tata,
Puerto
1/4 of
theRico
Jet/Met: FNAL, Rochester, MD, Rutgers, Boston, Cal Tech, Florida,
Rockefeller, Princeton,
non-transient
Texas Tech, Iowa, Mississippi, Minnesota, Santa Barbara, Northwestern
physicists on
Muon: FNAL, Carnegie Mellon, Florida, Florida Tech, Purdue, Nebraska,
th floor
the 11Northwestern
e/gamma: FNAL, Northwestern, FSU, Minnesota, MD, Brown, Notre
Dame, San Diego, Cal
are University
Tech
employees. All
Tracking: FNAL, Colorado, Cornell, Nebraska, UC Davis, UCSB,the
UC(many)
Riverside, Wisconsin,
Kansas State, Calumet
transients from
Trigger: Wisconsin, Florida, Northwestern, FNAL, Vanderbilt, Texas A&M, Brown,
Universities.
Maryland
Offline/edm: FNAL, Cornell
Physics: all
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Plans for Coming Year
•Commissioning of ROC / Cosmic slice test
•Strengthening of working groups,
especially the brand-new physics group
•Development of realistic “run plan” for
early data taking
• working with detector groups
•Full summer school
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“Physics” Group
International CMS meetings have very crowded
agendas, very large audience. More like a
conference than a working group.
Main goal: to provide to US people doing “physics
analysis” an informal atmosphere conducive to
mentoring.
Kick-off Workshop was
October, 2005.
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CMS is Already Doing a Lot
(slides from Klima)
 USCMS has made tremendous contributions to the hardware of
the CMS
 Many of our USCMS colleagues are extremely busy these days and
have little (or no) time to think about Physics analysis
 It’s our job at the LPC to create an environment in which everyone
can get help and support whenever (s)he is ready for Physics
 The LPC is already playing a key role in quite a few areas; will do
even more in the future
 We recently started a new group/effort, Physics
Leader – Boaz Klima (ex DØ Physics Coordinator)
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Inauguration of LPC Physics Effort Workshop @FNAL on Oct. 7, 2005
Goals
 Get to know (communications is the name of the game!)
 each other
 who is doing what wrt Physics analysis
 what level of support already exists at the LPC (computing,
software, algorithms, environment,…)
 Find out where one can fit in
 Join one (or more) of the working groups
 Allow newcomers to learn from the experience of those
already active in CMS analysis
 Help in shaping up our future – feedback, input
 Begin to enjoy the road to the “promised land”…
Great Success - ~60 Participants at WH1W + ~20 VC Connections
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Observations & Initial Ideas
Continuously seeking feedback – it is essential!
 We have to be inclusive

Provide forum for informal discussion to ongoing analyses
Senior/experienced people will help here
Create a new analysis effort to do a full blown (generic)
analysis (with whatever exists) – start looking at events
with complex signature (a few physics objects)

We’ll learn together about holes, problems, difficulties we’ll help in solving them for CMS
 We all have to help in strengthening the foundation
of our analysis effort – the LPC working groups
In conjunction with the ID groups, will work on objectrelated studies, e.g. efficiency, fake rate, resolution,
trigger eff etc

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Topics Discussed in our Meetings
 Theory (strong local group!)


QCD Processes @LHC (W. Giele)
Getting Ready for SUSY @LHC ( J. Lykken)
 ID/Trigger/Simulation (cross pollination with LPC groups)

Jet Trigger Studies

Muon ID Performance

EM ID studies

Physics Validation of CMS’ Detector Simulation
 Tev4LHC (learning the lessons; fundamentals)


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Min-Bias & Underlying Event in CMS
Fake Rate Physics
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Topics Discussed in our Meetings
 The Early Days (or “CMS Run Plan”)


Really low Luminosity (<1027)
Low Luminosity (<1027)
 Generic Analysis (do it here!)

Repeat Current CMS analysis at LPC

Identify Problems, solve or forward

Move to new software – 1st in CMS (?)
 Physics for TDR (speak physics…)

Jet-jet Resonances

qqH Analysis

Higgs
tt
…
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Long-Term Plans
Modeled after CDF, DØ, …

Do most (all?) USCMS physics analysis at the LPC?
 Not necessarily physically @FNAL

Create physics groups (&subgroups) as needed
 Provide forum for informal (and formal) discussions
 Bring analyses to completion
 Work closely with International CMS – be transparent!
The Vision - CMS/LPC’s analysis
effort will be equivalent to the
effort at CERN
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Magnet/Cosmic Slice Test
April ’06 (then, heavy lowering!)
ambitious integration test:
issues:
-compatibility with basic
programme of tests
-special installations
-muon, rpc, hcal, ecal, trk detectors
-cabling & services (esp LV)
-controls and safety
-trigger
-off-det electronics
-DAQ & Run Control
-DAQ integration requires:
-local DAQ (over VME)
-FED Slink
Common trigger (ad-hoc with LTC? )
-databases
-data-structure/storage
-analysis software etc etc etc
TK dummy tube
TK cosmic stack
(or TIB +TEC
elements!!)
Tracker
support
EB supermodule
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ROC and Cosmic Test
 Data access
– Being able to analyze the data efficiently
is of a paramount importance: bring the
data to LPC!
 Remote Operation Center: infrastructure for
Extremely Important
for CMS and LPC
Cosmic Muon Challenge
– Data taking monitoring (feedback to CERN)
– Data transfer monitoring
 Data analysis
– Setup the infrastructure for the data
analysis at LPC
– Reconstruction software, development
and optimization of algorithms, calibration
etc
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Summer Test Beams
The CMS HCAL and ECAL groups will perform a Combined Test starting in
mid-July and run for 9 weeks according to the following plan:
• 1 week: Set-up time
• 3 weeks: High-energy beam (10-300 GeV pions/electrons/muons; negative
beam if possible).
• 1 week: Switchover from High Energy to Very Low Energy beam
• 4 weeks: Very Low Energy beam (2-9 GeV pions/electrons)
Typical intensities of 10 kparticles/spill.
The programme will be dedicated to measuring the response of the combined ECAL
+HCAL to pions in the momentum range 2 - 300 GeV. The groups will also use
electron (muon) beams to establish the calibration of ECAL (HCAL). Preferred time is
July 19th (week 29th) to September 20th in week 38th , i.e. just before structured
beam period.
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Step-by-step use of luminosity
•
•
•
•
•
Before beam:
Set timing to 1 nsec using lasers,
pulsers
Set ADC counts to Et conversion
to 5% using sources, muons, and
test beam transfer of calib –
ECAL and HCAL.
Set alignment of muon chambers
using cosmics and optical
alignment, MB and ME. Track
motion with field on (first test in
SX5 in cosmic challenge).
Set alignment of tracker (pixels +
strips) using muons, optical
alignment and survey.
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Then…
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From 1023 to 1027 /(cm2sec)
L for 1
month
run (106
sec)
Integrated L
Trigger
Process
Comments
1023
100 mb-1
None
I~ 50 mb
Inelastic
non-diff
Input to tweak Pythia
1024
1 b-1
Setup Jet
Inelastic
non-diff
Calib in azimuth
1025
10 b-1
Jet
(gg) ~ 90 b
(ggg) ~ 6 b
g+g -> g+g
g+g -> g+g+g
Establish JJ cross
section
1026
100 b-1
Jet
g+g -> g+g
g+g -> g+g+g
Dijet balance for polar
angle – Establish MET
1027
1nb-1
Jet
Setup Photon
(qg) ~ 20 nb
g+g -> g+g
g+g -> g+g+g
q+g -> q+g
Dijet masses > 2 TeV,
start discovery search.
J+g calib
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From 1028 to 1033 /(cm2sec)
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Run Planning Summary
• Understanding detector response, trigger,
reconstruction, and backgrounds.
• Pre-operations will prepare CMS for first beam.
• The first 5 orders of magnitude in luminosity, up to
1027, will allow calibration checks, jet and MET
establishment, and dijet mass search.
• The next 6 orders of magnitude, to 1033, allow the
setting up of lepton triggers, standard candles for
cross sections (W and Z), jet mass scale (W from
top) and dilepton and diphoton mass searches.
• Look in tails of l + , l + l and g + g masses.
• Look at Jets + MET. Estimate Z backgrounds using
dilepton Z events.
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Summer School
http://hcpss.fnal.gov/.
17 Feb 06
August 9-19, 2006
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Countdown Clock
Do you want to be there
on day 1, having
LHC Dipole
March, 2005 the 1 year
satisfied
March, 2005
service requirement for
CMS Detector, Sept. 2005
authorship on the
discovery paper?
CMS Detector, Sept. 2005
T-521 days and constructing, building!!
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Conclusions
Hope to see you on the 11th floor!
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Stage 1 – pilot run
Bailey, Sept CMS week
luminosities
No squeeze to start
•
• 43 bunches per beam (some displaced in one beam for LHCb)
• Around 1010 per bunch
Beam energy (TeV)
6.0, 6.5 or 7.0
6.0, 6.5 or 7.0
6.0, 6.5 or 7.0
Number of bunches per beam
43
43
156
* in IP 1, 2, 5, 8 (m)
18,10,18,10
2,10,2,10
2,10,2,10
Crossing Angle (rad)
0
0
0
Transverse emittance (m rad)
3.75
3.75
3.75
Bunch spacing (s)
2.025
2.025
0.525
Bunch Intensity
1 1010
4 1010
9 1010
Luminosity IP 1 & 5 (cm-2 s-1)
~ 3 1028
~ 5 1030
~ 1 1032
Event rate / crossing IP 1 & 5
low
0.76
3.9
• Push one or all of
– Partial optics squeeze in 1 and 5 (2m ???)
– Increase bunch intensity
– 156 bunches per beam (some
displaced in one beam for LHCb)
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Stage 2 – 75ns
luminosities
Partial squeeze and smaller
crossing angle to start Bailey, Sept CMS week
•
• Luminosity tuning with many bunches
• Establish routine operation
Beam energy (TeV)
6.0, 6.5 or 7.0
6.0, 6.5 or 7.0
6.0, 6.5 or 7.0
Number of bunches per beam
936
936
936
* in IP 1, 2, 5, 8 (m)
2,10,2,10
1,10,1,10
1,10,1,10
Crossing Angle (rad)
250
285
285
Transverse emittance (m rad)
3.75
3.75
3.75
Bunch Intensity
4 1010
4 1010
9 1010
Luminosity IP 1 & 5 (cm-2 s-1)
~ 1 1032
~ 2 1032
~ 1 1033
Event rate / crossing IP 1 & 5
0.73
1.37
6.9
• Push squeeze (1m ???) and crossing angle
• Increase bunch intensity if the experiments can stand it ?
• Tune IP2 and IP8 to meet experimental needs
– Down in IP8 (1m ???)
– Up in IP2 (50m ??? Then transverse beam displacement probably
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Stage 3 & 4 – 25ns
Bailey, Sept CMS week
luminosities
Production physics running
•
• Below e cloud threshold
Beam energy (TeV)
6.0, 6.5 or 7.0
6.0, 6.5 or 7.0
7.0
Number of bunches per beam
2808
2808
2808
* in IP 1, 2, 5, 8 (m)
1,10,1,10
1,10,1,10
0.55,10,0.55,10
Crossing Angle (rad)
285
285
285
Transverse emittance (m rad)
3.75
3.75
3.75
Bunch Intensity
3 1010
5 1010
1.15 1011
Luminosity IP 1 & 5 (cm-2 s-1)
~ 4 1032
~ 1 1033
1034
Event rate / crossing IP 1 & 5
0.77
2.1
19.2
• Scrubbing run (1-2 weeks)
• Increase bunch intensities to dump limit
 Install beam dump kickers
 Install phase II collimators
Long shutdown (6months)
• Increase bunch intensities towards nominal
• Tune IP2 and IP8 to meet experimental needs
– Transverse beam displacement certainly needed in IP2
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