Transcript Document 7191180

L-22
Part III
Era of Great Reforms
8. Culture
A. Themes
1. Tremendous flowering in all fields of arts,
humanities, social sciences
2. Populism in elite culture: from realism to
idealization
3. Disillusionment, accommodation, new
currents in 1880s
4. Incremental change in popular culture,
but still religious predominance
B. Fine Arts
1.
2.
3.
4.
Academic painting
Realists of 1860s
Peredvizhniki (Itinerants)
Music
1. Official Art: Imperial Academy
A. Institutionalized
B. Major Themes
C. Key Figures
Alexander Ivanov1806-58
Appearance of Christ Before the People 1837-57
K. Briullov: “The Last Day of
Pompei” (1833)
A. Venetsianov, “In the Field:
Spring”
Pavel Fedotov (1815-52)
“Fresh Cavalier” 1848
2. Realists of 1860s
A. Artel’ khudozhnikov (Commune of
Artists)
B. Main Themes
C. Key Figures
Valerii Iakobi (1833-1902)
“Rest-stop for Arrestees” (1861)
Vasilii Perov 1833-82
“Trinity” (1866)
Vasilii Perov 1833-82
“Icon Procession” 1861
Vasilii Perov 1833-82
“Tea Time” (1862)
Nikolai Nevrev 1830-1904
“Archdeacon Singing at Merchant Nameday” 1866
Vasilii Pukirev 1832-90
“The Unequal Marriage” (1862)
V.V. Pukirev
“The Sacristan Explains the Last Judgment” (1868)
3. Peredvizhniki
A. Organization of Peredvizniki association
B. Main themes
C. Key artists
Nikolai Ge 1831-1894
A. Herzen (1867), Leo Tolstoy (1884)
Vasilii Perov 1833-82
F. Dostoyevsky and V. Dal’
Vasilii Perov 1833-82
“Pugachev’s Judgment” (1879)
Il’ya Repin (1844-1930)
“Volga Barge-haulers” 1870-73
Peasant Women Returning from
Funeral (1880)
Ilya Repin 1844-1930
Ivan the Terrible and Son 1870-4
Ilya Repin1844-1930
“The Unexpected” 1884
Ilya Repin 1844-1930
Refusing to Take Last Rites 1879-84
Vasilii V. Vereshchagin 1842-1904
“The Apotheosis of War” (1872)
Vasilii Vereshchagin 1842-1904
“War” (1873)
Vasilii Vereshchagin 1842-1904
“Mortally Wounded” 1873
V.V. Vereshchagin 1842-1904
“The Sudden Attack” (1871)
V.V. Vereshchagin 1842-1904
“After the Assault” (1881)
Nikolai Iaroshenko 1846-98
“The Stoker” 1878
I.N. Krasmkoi 1837-87
“Mina Moiseev” (1883)
Ivan Shishkin 1832-98
“The Pine Forest”
Ivan Shishkin 1832-98
Morning in the Pine Forest
Nikolai Iaroshenko 1846-98
“Everywhere there is life” 1888
Nikolai Iaroshenko 1846-98
Portrait of the philosopher V.V. Solov’ev
Il’ya Repin 1844-1930
Portraits of Witte and Pobedonostsev (1901, 1903)
Ivan Kramskoi (1833-87)
“Alexander III” 1887
I.A. Kramskoi
“Coronation of Alexander III” (1883)
I.N. Kramskoi(1837-87)
“The People Greet the Newly-Crowned Emperor” (1883)
4. Music
Classical European Music
Petr Tchaikovsky
Anton Rubinshtein
4. Music
“Mighty Handful”
Modest Mussogrsky
Mussorgsky: Boris Godunov
C. Literature
1. Literary World
2. Art and Politics
Raznochintsy-Realists of the 1860s
Populists of the 180s
1. Literary World
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The Journals
Critics
Poetry: Nekrasov and Fet
Theater: Ostrovsky
Prose: Turgenev, Goncharov,
Dostoevsky and Tolstoy
Poetry: Nikolai Nekrasov (1821-77)
and Afanasii Fet (1820-92)
Theater: Alexander Ostrovsky
1823-96
The Insolvent Debtor
1841/61
A Lucrative Position
1861
It’s Not All Shrovetide
for the Cat 1871
Prose: Ivan Turgenev 1818-83
Notes of a Hunter 184752
Fathers and Sons 1862
Virgin Soil 1877
Prose: Ivan Goncharov 1812-91
Oblomov (1859)
Prose: Fyodor Dostoevsky 1821-81
Notes from the House
of the Dead (1860-2)
Crime and Punishment
(1866)
The Idiot (1868-9)
The Possessed (187172)
The Brothers Karamazov (1879-80)
Prose: Leo Tolstoy 1828-1910
War and Peace 1863-9
Anna Karenina 1873-7
L. Tolstoy: Editing Anna Karenina
2. Art and Politics
Realists of the 1860s
Populists of the 1870s
“Realists” of 1860s
Themes
•
•
•
Death of gentry
“New People”: model of raznochinets-nihilist
Harsh realism about peasantry, petty townspeople
Key Figures
N. G. Chernyshevsky 1828-89
• What Is To Be Done?
(1862-3)
Nikolai Pomialovskii 1835-63
• Molotov (1862)
• Petty-bourgeois Bliss
(1862)
• The Seminary (1863)
Vasilii A. Sleptsov 1836-78
• Vladimirka I Kliaz’ma
(1861)
• Difficult Times (1865)
Populist Writers of 1870s
1. Themes
Idealization of peasantry, commune
Disenchantment, denial
2. Key Writers
Alexander Engelgardt 1832-93
• Letters from the
Countryside 1872-82
Gleb Uspenskii 1843-1902
From a Rural Diary
(1877-80)
The Power of Earth
(1882)
Nikolai Zlatovratskii 1845-1911
Foundations 1877,
1880, 1882
E. Popular Culture
1. Dynamics
2. Observance
Russian Orthodox: Observance
Form
Confession &
Communion
Confession only
Excused absence
Indifference
Sex
M
1850
84.18
1900
87.03
F
M
F
M
F
M
F
85.84
5.98
6.06
2.33
1.09
7.51
7.01
91.03
0.52
0.45
5.76
2.58
6.69
5.94
Rural Religious Procession
Rural Religious Procession
Icon Procession (Novgorod)
Ilya Repin (1833-1930)
“Icon Procession in Kursk” 1883