Transcript Document 7148422

Copy the following onto the top
ten lines of NB page 75.
Copy the following onto the
middle ten lines of NB page 75.
How did the Compromise of 1850 attempt to
satisfy both the North and the South?
The North
The South
Copy the following onto the
bottom ten lines of NB page 75.
How did each man help end the controversy
over California statehood?
Henry
Clay
Daniel
Webster
Stephen
Douglas
Section 15.1b: Growing Tensions
Between North and South
Today we will describe how territorial
expansion deepened the divisions between the
North and the South.
Today’s Vocabulary
• proviso – a stipulation or condition
• territorial expansion –making a country
bigger by getting new lands
• deepen – to make worse
• division – separation
Check for Understanding
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•
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What are we going to do today?
What does it mean to ‘describe?’
What does it mean to ‘deepen?’
What is territorial expansion?
What We Already Know
After the Missouri Compromise in 1820,
political disagreements over slavery
seemed to go away.
What We Already Know
The rise of the abolition movement once
again made many Southerners distrustful
of their Northern neighbors.
What We Already Know
The War with
Mexico caused
many
Northerners to
believe that
Southerners
wanted to take
territory from
Mexico in order
to extend
slavery.
What We Already Know
• After the Mexican War, the United
States gained ownership of a huge
new area of land known as the
Mexican Cession.
The Wilmot Proviso
• Many Northerners feared that slavery would
expand into the Mexican Cession.
• Congressman David Wilmot tried to ban slavery
in the Mexican Cession.
Southerners reacted angrily to
Wilmot’s proviso and called for
its defeat in Congress.
• They had fought in Mexico and as a result of
the war, vast new lands were brought into the
United States.
• They felt entitled to spread their culture into
this area, including slavery.
Failure of the Wilmot Proviso led to
the birth of the Free Soil Party.
• The party was dedicated to keeping slavery from
expanding into new territories.
• Slavery now became a key issue in national politics,
and politicians could no longer ignore it.
Wilmot
Proviso
introduced
Fears of new
slave states
Free Soil Party
formed
The Mexican
War
Wilmot
Proviso
defeated
The Mexican
War
Free Soil Party
formed
Congress
divided
The Mexican
Cession
The Mexican
Cession
Wilmot
Proviso
defeated
Congress
divided
Fears of new
slave states
Wilmot
Proviso
introduced
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
5. How did the War with Mexico lead
to conflict between the North and the
South?
A. The two sections argued about whether
slavery would be permitted in the new
territory that was gained.
B. Most of the soldiers were Southerners,
who resented the North for not fighting
alongside them.
C. The South gained thousands of new
slaves captured in Mexico.
D. Thousands of Southerners had refused
to pay taxes that supported such an evil
war.
What would the Wilmot Proviso
have done?
A. Made California a slave state
B. Outlawed slavery in any
territory gained from the War
with Mexico
C. Made Arizona a free state
D. Banned the slave trade in
New Mexico
6. Why did slaveholders oppose
the Wilmot Proviso?
A. It declared slavery to be a moral
evil.
B. It had been written by abolitionists
hoping to embarrass Southerners.
C. It would keep them from taking
their slaves into the Mexican
Cession.
D. It would have raised taxes on the
sales of both cotton and slaves.
7. What did the Free Soil Party
stand for?
A. No slavery in the territories
B. California's admission as a
free state
C. Support of the Wilmot Proviso
D. A stronger fugitive slave law
Controversy Over California
• In 1848, the discovery
of gold in California led
to rapid population
growth there.
• In 1850, California
requested admission as
a free state.
• As in 1820, the free
state-slave state
balance in the Senate
was threatened.
• Southerners felt that
statehood for California
threatened their way of
life.
The Compromise of 1850
As he did in 1820
and in 1832, Henry
Clay came up with
a compromise.
a. California would enter as
a free state.
b. A new, tough fugitive slave law
was introduced.
• People accused of being fugitives under this
law could be held without an arrest warrant.
• Instead of a jury trial, a federal commissioner
ruled on each case.
• The commissioner received five dollars for
releasing the defendant and ten dollars for
turning the defendant over to a slaveholder.
c. The slave trade would be
banned in Washington, D.C.
d. No laws restricting
slavery in the rest of the
Mexican Cession would
be introduced, but the
residents of those areas
could decide for
themselves instead.
Use your whole
whiteboard to write
your answer!
(see Vocabulary)
Daniel Webster,
U.S. senator
from
Massachusetts,
lent his support
to Clay’s
compromise bill
in a very
passionate
speech.
Despite the
support of
Webster and his
own best
efforts, Clay
was unable to
get enough
support to pass
the compromise
bill.
Senator Stephen A. Douglas of
Illinois came up with a way to win
passage for Clay’s bill.
• He broke up Clay's proposal
into five parts and built up a
slim majority for each among
various congressmen.
• After several weeks of work,
Douglas succeeded in getting
each part of Clay’s plan
adopted.
• Once the plan became law,
some people celebrated,
believing that it had saved the
Union. But the compromise
would not bring peace.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
8. How did Henry Clay try to
settle the California problem?
A. He offered to sell California back to Mexico.
B. He introducing a new compromise that he
hoped would satisfy both Northerners and
Southerners.
C. He called for the admission of New Mexico
as a new slave state.
D. He introduced the Wilmot Proviso.
E. He called for the admission of Arizona as a
new free state.
Which of the following was not
part of the Compromise of 1850?
A. a stronger fugitive slave law
B. California's admission as a free state
C. the freedom for new territories to decide
the slavery question for themselves
D. the admission of Arizona as a slave state
E. a ban on the slave trade in Washington,
D.C.
Choose the one that is NOT true!
9. How did Daniel Webster help persuade
Congress to pass the Compromise of
1850?
A. He called for rejection of the
fugitive slave law.
B. He made a passionate speech
in favor of the compromise as
a way of preserving the
Union.
C. He promised Republican
support for the admission of
Arizona and New Mexico as
slave states.
D. He forced northern industrial
interests to add their support
to the bill.
9. How did Stephen Douglas help
Congress to pass the Compromise of
1850?
A. He proposed the same
terms as Clay’s bill in the
form of a constitutional
amendment.
B. He took the compromise
directly to the voters in
the 1852 elections.
C. He came up with a new
compromise based on
the Wilmot Proviso.
D. He broke up Clay's
proposal into five parts
and built a slim majority
vote for each.