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Introduction to Biology and Populations Ecology JEOPARDY!! Characterstics of Life Lab Skills Ecology Overview Population Structure and Dynamics Population Growth 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 Characteristics of Life When it’s hot outside, you sweat. 10 Characteristics of Life Living things need to maintain homeostasis. 20 Characteristics of Life If you cut yourself, a scab will form. 20 Characteristics of Life Living things must grow and develop. 30 Characteristics of Life Change that occurs in a species overtime in response to the continuously changing environment 30 Characteristics of Life Living things evolve. 30 Characteristics of Life 40 Characteristics of Life A plant moves towards the sun. 40 Characteristics of Life Living things must be able to respond to stimuli 50 Characteristics of Life All living organisms share similar instructions to run cell processes and pass on hereditary information. 50 Characteristics of Life Living things must have Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (DNA) 10 Lab Skills What is an independent variable? 10 Lab Skills What the experimenter is testing, should only be 1! 20 Lab Skills What is a dependent variable? 20 Lab Skills The biological response or what the experimenter measures 30 Lab Skills Why do we need controlled variables? 30 Lab Skills To ensure we are testing only one independent variable 40 Lab Skills What should you do with your hypothesis after your experiment? 40 Lab Skills *Accept- data collected in the experiment supports it. *Reject- data collected does not support it. 50 Lab Skills What do we call the “placebo” group in an experiment, and why is it essential? 50 Lab Skills The Control Group- to use as a standard for comparison. 10 Ecology Overview List the ecological levels of organization from least inclusive (specific) to most inclusive (broadest) 10 Ecology Overview Organism, Popululation, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere 20 Ecology Overview Define Ecology. 20 Ecology Overview The study of how organisms interact with their environment and each other. 30 Ecology Overview A group of pigeons. 30 Ecology Overview Population 40 Ecology Overview In addition to populations, ecosystems include… 40 Ecology Overview Abiotic Factors 50 Ecology Overview The sum of all of the planet’s ecosystems… 50 Ecology Overview Biosphere 10 Population Structure Define Population Density. 10 Population Structure The number of individuals of a species per unit area or volume 20 Population Structure How do scientists determine population density and why? 20 Population Structure *Counting or *Sampling Techniquesit’s often impossible and impractical to count all organism in an area. 30 Population Structure Why would an organisms in a population take on clumped dispersion? 30 Population Structure *Herding patterns *social behavior *uneven distribution of resources *mating 40 Population Structure What are survivorship curves? 40 Population Structure *Graphs (curves) generated from life tables. *Looks at average life span of organisms to make determinations about population growth. 50 Population Structure What kind of distribution would a Cresotebush in the desert take and why? 50 Population Structure Uniform- competition for water 10 Cells My name is Bond, Ionic Bond; Taken, not shared! 10 Population Growth From: Mariano Cecowski <MCecowski#NoSpam.sif.com.ar> Q: if both a bear in Yosemite and one in Alaska fall into the water which one disolves faster? A: The one in Alaska because it is HIJKLMNO 10 Population Growth Alimentary: What Sherlock Holmes said to Dr. Watson. Urinate: What a nurse would say if a patient asked her what room he's in. Urine - The opposite of "You're out!" Benign: What we want when we are eight. Intestine - Currently taking an exam CARDIOLOGY: advanced study of poker playing TERMINAL ILLNESS: getting sick at the airport 10 Population Growth What are the factors that limit population growth? 10 Population Growth Density-dependent (competition, health, predation, physiological factors) Density-independent (acidity, salinity, fires, catastrophes, weather conditions) Boom and Bust cycles (pred/prey relationships, food supply) 10 Population Growth 20 Population Growth What kind of growth model is represented below, and how is it possible? 20 Population Growth Exponential Growth Model- conditions are ideal, birth rates exceed death rates 30 Population Growth What are the characteristcs of the logistic growth model? 30 Population Growth Idealized population growth slowed by limiting factors. 30 Population Growth 40 Population Growth What is this? Analyze the data! 40 Population Growth Age Structure Diagram*Decline in Population Growth *Not enough children being born to replace those who die 50 Population Growth What kind of growth do humans exhibit? Why is this a concern? 50 Population Growth Exponential Growth. *It’s ideal—and nothing’s perfect! *resources will run out *disease will spread …?