Transcript Listening Unit 1 Workbook

Unit 1 Workbook
Listening
Robert Briggs is very interested in
biology and especially in the study of
plants. Today he is telling his friend
Zhang Wei some exciting news. Read
the questions before you listen to the
tape. This will help you to understand
the information.
1 Before you listen
to the tape discuss
with your partner
how you would
find out the name
of a flower.
New words in the listening passage:
species (种类)，
parrot (鹦鹉)，
blackbird (画眉类)黑鸟
Listen to the tape once and tell what this
listening passage is about.
A. This is about a man who wants to
name a flower.
B. This is about a man who finds a
flower and wants to own it.
C. This is about a man who finds a
flower and wants to know if it is a
new species of flower.
Listen to the tape again and try to
complete the following passage.
To find the name of an unknown flower,
biology
first you should ask your ________
teacher to help you. He / She will look in
book
a special _____written
by Carl Linnaeus.
He lived in ________
____ to
Sweden from 1707
1778 . He was very important because
_____
serious problem for biology.
he solved a _______
Listen to the tape again and answer
these questions.
1 If Robert Briggs find the flower in
the book, what does that mean?
2 How would he know if his lily is a
new species?
3 Why do plants all have two names?
4 What was the serious problem for
biology that Linnaeus solved?
1 If Robert Briggs finds the flower in
the book, what does that mean?
It means that his flower has already
been identified and has a name.
2 How would he knows if his lily is a
new species?
He would know by checking his lily
against other lilies in the specialist
book. If his lily is different it will be a
new species.
3 Why do plants all have two names?
All plants have two names just like
people. The first is the group of flowers
they belong to and is like the family
name. The second is the kind of flower
within that group and is like a given /
personal name.
4 What was the serious problem for
biology that Linnaeus solved?
Before Linnaeus there was no way of
finding out whether a plant was new or
not. This causes problems because
different scientists claimed that they had
found and named flowers first. After he
organized his system it was easy to
discover whether a plant was new or not
and so who had the right to name it.
Listening text
NAMING A FLOWER
Robert Briggs (RB) is talking to Zhang
Wei (ZW) about a new kind of lily he
has found.
ZW: Hello Robert. What’s that book
you’re carrying?
RB: A book that helps you identify a
flower.
ZW: I see. Why do you want that?
RB: I’ve found this lily. It looks different
to me. So I want to find out if it’s
new or not. Our biology teacher told
me that if it’s already known, I’d
find it in this book.
ZW: Wow! So you think you may have
found a new lily?
RB: I hope so, but I have to do some
research first to find out for sure.
ZW: What happens if it’s in the book?
RB: It means that somebody else has
found it and named it. Then I’ll
know its biological name.
ZW: What do you mean by the biological
name?
RB: Actually like us a flower has two
names. The first is the group of
flowers it belongs to – like a family
name. A rose is one such group. The
second is the kind of flower – like a
given name. It may describe what the
rose looks like; for example, the
colour of an autumn sunset. Together
you get the flower’s name, which is
Rose Autumn Sunset.
ZW: Gosh! Who made that system?
RB: A great scientist called Carl
Linnaeus. He lived in Sweden
from 1707 to 1778.
ZW: So long ago!
RB: Yes, and he solved a very serious
problem for biology.
ZW: What was that?
RB: Before him nobody could tell if a
plant was new, as there was no
way of checking. There’re so
many plants, you see!
ZW: Yes, I appreciate that! So his
system is still used?
RB: Indeed it is. If my flower isn’t in
this book, I’ll know that I’ve found
a new kind of lily.
ZW: That’s great! Can I come and
help you? This research sounds fun.
RB: Yes, and if I’m lucky …
(fading out)
Using words and expressions
1 This is a report on living conditions in
England in the nineteenth century.
Choose the proper words in its correct
form to put into the text.
instruct neighborhood pollute defeat
handle suspect blame severe clue
link ... to draw the conclusion cure
Educated people in the twenty-first
century may find it hard to believe that
two hundred years ago people did not
_____
link illness ___
to problems in
the environment. We all know that in
polluted water caused
London drinking ________
many deaths from cholera. There was a
____
clue to its cause because it always started
in the poor ______________.
neighbourhood Then it
spread to the richer areas as the servants
passed it on. Many doctors __________
suspected
that polluted water was to ______
blame and
clean water was the ______.
cure
John Snow’s investigation proved that
the dirtier the water, the more _______
severe
the illness. So the government and the
doctors ___________________
drew the conclusion that water
must be purified. They _________
instructed people
to remove the _______
handles from the pumps if
the water was infected. Thus cholera was
_________
defeated in the end.
2 Translate these sentences into English,
using the words and phrases in brackets.
1. 除了去公园以外，这个夏天我就没有
出过公寓。(apart from)
Apart from going to the park, I limit
my movements to my neighbourhood.
2. 没有足够的证据很难作出结论。
(make a conclusion)
It is difficult to draw a conclusion
without enough evidence.
3. 这些科学实验的结果对于我们非常有
价值, 它们将有助于我们的研究取得成
功。(scientific enquiry; contribute to)
These scientific enquires will contribute
to the success of our project.
4. 居斯特夫·埃菲尔对他修建铁塔的计划
满怀热情, 而这座塔使他闻名于世。
（Gustave Eiffel; enthusiastic; construct)
Gustave Eiffel was very enthusiastic
about his plan to construct the iron tower,
which made him world-famous.
5. 他常提出些不同寻常的计划。你在加
入之前要慎重对待。( put forward; be
cautious to; join in)
He often puts forward unusual plans.
So be cautious about them before you
decide to join in.
6. 谁是第一个反对“地心说”的人？
(reject; universe)
Who was the first person to reject the
idea that the earth was the centre of the
universe?
7. 虽然他的写作没什么意思，但弗雷德还
是确信自己的作文会得高分。
( make sense; positive)
Although his writing doesn’t make sense,
Fred is positive that his composition will
score a high mark.
Using structure
1 Choose appropriate verbs to
complete the following sentences,
using the past participle. Explain the
use of the past participle in each
sentence.
1. They were prepared
________ to accept my idea.
2. I'll be _________
interested to hear what he has
to say.
3. The mayor said that he was
_______about
the _________
worried
continued rise of
the water level in the river bed.
arrived soldiers are helping
4. Recently ________
to take the victims to safe areas from
the flood.
5. Most of the newspaper seems to be
_________
concerned with pop stars.
6. He was _________
frightened of going alone into
the empty house.
2 Rewrite these sentences as one
sentence using the past participle as
the attribute or predicative.
1. I found this plate on the floor. The
plate was broken in pieces.
I found this broken plate on the floor.
2. I saw a tall, dark and handsome man.
His name is Xiao Ming.
I saw a tall, dark and handsome man
called Xiao Ming.
3. I looked at that modern abstract (抽象)
painting. It was colored in yellows and
greens.
I looked at that modern abstract painting
colored in yellows and greens.
4. Yesterday I got the answer to my
question. It was the one I expected.
Yesterday I got the expected answer
to my question.
5. She is one of my devoted friends. She
is devoted to my interests.
She is my friend devoted to my
interests.
6. On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles.
They were marked in green ink.
On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles
marked in green ink.
7. We saw many windows in that room.
They were all cracked.
We saw many cracked windows in
that room.
Listening task
analyse(分析),
pure(纯的),
foundations(基础), symbol(符号),
Л(圆周率);
sin(正弦),
cosin(余弦),
geometry(几何),
calculus(微积分), mechanics(力学),
practical(实用的), topology(拓扑学)
1 Before listening, make a list of all
the great mathematicians that you
know of or have learned about.
What do you know of their
achievements?
2 John Smith is discussing with Zhao Yang
his research into the life and work of a
mathematician called Leonhard Euler
(1707 – 1783). Before you listen to Parts1
and 2 on the tape read the words below
and learn to pronounce them correctly.
pure
symbol
Л
sine
cosine topology angle diagram
3 Listen to Part 1 again and tick the
words below that Euler introduced into
mathematics.
pure
symbol
cosine topology
Л
sine
angle
diagram
4 Listen to Part 2 again and fill in the
chart below.
Euler’s new branch
of mathematics
Why Euler is
considered to be a
great
mathematician
topology
1 introduced many new
symbols into maths
2 wrote more books than
anyone before or since
3 discovered a new
branch of mathematics
Euler's
achievements
New
symbols(符号)
and terms
Old areas of
mathematics
Examples
Л ,sin, cosin
revised and analysed all
maths of his day
Euler's
achievements
New area of
mathematics
Overall
importance
Examples
topology
introduced a lot of
symbols into maths;
wrote more books than
anyone before
Listening text
A MATHEMATICIAN'S PROBLEM
John Smith (JS) is talking to Zhao Yang
(ZY) about a mathematician who
interests him.
JS: Do you know that we’ve been
studying Euler in maths?
ZY: Who is he? I’ve never heard of
him.
JS: Well, he was a famous
mathematician in the eighteenth
century. He revised all the pure
mathematics that was known in
his day.
ZY: That probably wasn’t very much.
JS: You’re wrong there. He wrote
more than any other
mathematician before or since.
ZY: Really! Well, what did he do?
JS: He introduced a lot of symbols into
mathematics such as pi and the
terms sin and cosin.
ZY: Wow!
JS: And he did half of this work
when he was blind.
ZY: How did he do that?
JS: He told his ideas to someone
else who wrote them down.
Part 2
ZY: What were his achievements?
JS: He introduced a new branch of
mathematics called topology.
It helps you understand things by
using diagrams. The subway map
is a good example.
It does not tell you distances but
it shows how stations connect
together.
ZY: How did he start topology?
JS: Well, in 1735 he was inspired
by a problem in the city of
Konigsberg where he lived.
Look at the map in your book.
Konigsberg had a river running
through it. The centre is an island.
As the river passes the island, it breaks
into two parts. Seven bridges were built
over the river. Euler wondered if you
could walk around the city so that you
cross each bridge only once.
ZY: Let me try that. It sounds quite
simple to me.
JS: Try, but it’s not as easy as it looks.
Homework
Write a report about a great
scientist and ask your
partner to read your report
and give some advice.