Transcript New Fire/Smoke Detection and Fire Extinguishing Systems for Aircraft Applications

New Fire/Smoke Detection and Fire Extinguishing Systems
for Aircraft Applications
by
Konstantin M. Kallergis
Airbus Deutschland GmbH
Cargo Center
D-28183 Bremen, Germany
presented at the
Third Triennial Aircraft Fire & Cabin Safety Research Conference
Oct. 22 – 25, 2001
Trump Taj Mahal Casino-Resort
Atlantic City, NJ, USA
Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
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The FIREDETEX Project
 FIREDETEX = New Fire/Smoke Detection and Fire Extinguishing
Systems for Aircraft Applications
 Project funded by the European Commission
 Duration from 02/2000 – 01/2003
 Overall budget 10 Mio EURO
 13 Partners from industry and science involved
 2 main thematic aspects:
Fire detection
 Fire suppression

Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
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Project Consortium
Fire Detection
Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
Fire Suppression
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
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Fire Suppression: Objectives
 Development of an environmentally friendly (= non-halon) fire
suppression system for cargo compartments
 Development of the on-board generation of nitrogen to inert large
rooms as cargo compartments
Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
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State of the Art
 Cargo compartment fire suppression with Halon 1301
 1 high-rated bottle
 1 + x flow-metered bottles
Halon Ban
Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
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Search for Alternative Technologies (1)
 Gaseous agents
 Best solution because of
Easy retrofit
 Clean
 Cope with physical environment in cargo compartment

 But until today: no alternative foreseeable because of:
Weight
 Toxicity
 Environmental reasons

Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
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Search for Alternative Technologies (2)
 Water mist
 Environmentally friendly
 Non-toxic to passengers
 Question:
How to design a water based system that can cope with
a suppression time of 240 minutes or even more without
exceeding weight requirements?
Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
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Search for Alternative Technologies (3)
 Solution 1 (water mist only)
Exceeding the weight requirements!
Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
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Search for Alternative Technologies (4)
 Solution 2 (water mist + OBIGGS)
+
+
Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
OEA
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
NEA
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Technology
 Concept:
 Fire knock-down with water mist
Initially available and active
 Environmentally friendly

 Long time inerting with OBIGGS
Environmentally friendly
 Always available
 Interaction:
Oxygen Conc./Water Volume

Oxygen
Water
Time
Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
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Technology in Detail
 Water mist
 Fine spray generation by pressurization
and special nozzle geometry
 Zonal layout

Requires zonal fire detection
Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
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Technology in Detail
 OBIGGS
 = On-Board Inert Gas Generation System
 Established in military aircraft fire protection (tank, dry bay)
 Engine bleed air separated by hollow fiber membranes
Nitrogen enriched air flow
 Oxygen enriched air flow

Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
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Technology in Detail
 Combination
Inert Gas Nozzle(s)
Water Spray Nozzles
Cargo Compartment
Pressure
Tank
NEA
Filter
Bleed Air
OBIGGS
Heat Exchanger
OEA
Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
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Project Phases

Requirements phase
 System requirements have been fixed (07/2000)
 Concept phase
 Partners have proposed different concepts to fulfill the requirements
 Introduced concepts have been evaluated
 First choice solution and fall-back position have been determined
 System has been described (01/2001)
 Test phase
 Test validator will be equipped with system components
 Fire suppression system will be tested against the Minimum Performance Standards of
the IASFPWG
 Test results will be evaluated
today
 Systems will be optimized
0
6
Requirements
12
Concepts
Fire & Cabin Safety Conference, Oct. 22 - 25, 2001
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Time [Months]
24
30
Hardware Development and Testing
Kon. M. Kallergis, Airbus Deutschland GmbH
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Final
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