Transcript Leadership Behavior and Management Styles Carolyn Jacobs, RN, MSN, 5/19/2016

Leadership Behavior and
Management Styles
5/19/2016
Carolyn Jacobs, RN, MSN,
ONC
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Leadership vs Management
 “There is only one manager, but anyone can be a
leader if they act on their good ideas!”
 Leadership:
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Influence based to reach a goal
Informal designation: independent of
management
Achieved positions; special skills
Examples!
Carolyn Jacobs, RN, MSN, ONC
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Leadership vs Management
 Management:
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Authority based: appointed
Formally designated
Assigned position
Replaced if poor manager; good
leadership skills help!
Carolyn Jacobs, RN, MSN, ONC
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Leadership Theories
 Great Man/Trait
 Earliest theories
 “I was born to lead!”
 Have innate characteristics
 Not “accepted today (Great Man theory
 Trait/attribute-from Great Man
 Personal leadership characteristics
 “looks, walks, talks like a leader”
 Limited
 Does not consider situation
 Does not consider follower
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Leadership Theory
 Situational
 Varies with situation
 considers structure,
atmosphere and leader’s
characteristics
 Contingency
 Different situation require
different leadership types
 Keys to the above theories:
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Effective leadership style
depends upon the situation;
what is successful in one
situation, may not be effective
in the next!
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 Path-goal (describes 4
different leadership
behaviors)
 Minimizes goal
obstruction; rewards
followers; focuses on
goal achievement
 (Directive, Achievement,
Supportive, Participative)
 Remember & understand
these terms!
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Leadership Theory cont.
 Tri-dimensional=Situational approach!
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Model that predicts which leadership style most
effective in situations. Based on followers
maturity (note term
“tri-dimensional” not used in text) p. 9
Involves telling, selling, participating and
delegating!
By Hersey and Blanchard!
Transactional/Transformational
Mutual benefits, caretaker
Influence perceptions
Foster a sense of direction!
What is focus of transformational leader?
Motivate followers to perform at full potential; put
aside self interest for good of group and provide
direction.
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What leadership qualities do you
possess??
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Carolyn Jacobs, RN, MSN, ONC
Use the next slide to
consider your own
attributes as a
leader/manager!
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Leadership Qualities and Behaviors
Integrity
Courage
Initiative
Energy
Optimism
Perseverance
Balance
Ability to handle stress
Self-awareness
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Think critically
Solve problems
Respect person
Listen
Skillful Communication
Set goals
Envision future
Develop oneself
Coach others
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Leadership Styles and Effective
Management (Behavioral)
 Leadership styles
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Authoritarian
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Democratic
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Subordinates involved in decision-making
Lengthy process
Laissez-Faire
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Strong control, directive
Downward and directive
Little or no direction
Maximum freedom for individuals
*Multicratic-
Adapt the leadership style needed
for particular situation!!
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Consider: Ann is a nurse manager for a 26
bed ICU. She is people and relationship
oriented. Ann promotes and facilitates
group discussion and decision making.
Teamwork is the focus for any project and
she provides the necessary resources. She
wants everyone to have a role on the unit
and input into decisions.
 What leadership style is exhibited?
 Is this style effective in all situations?
Democratic
No, not in situations where
immediate action needed.
 What leadership style do you prefer?
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Power and Leadership/Management
Styles
 Power…what is it??
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Influence of others through persuasion or coercion
Non-static; ever changing
Power sources: legitimate (authority)
Referent (symbol of leader)
Reward (favor granting)
Coercive (punishment)
Expert (special knowledge)
Informational (similar to expert)
Connection (powerful associations)
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Power and Leadership/Management Styles
Power…answer these questions!
•The nurse who can accurately interpret an ECG has ____ power.
•The nurse manager who can write a letter of commendation about
your performance in the unit newsletter has ____ power.
•The nurse who knows about a possible opening the critical care
unit that you might want has _____ power.
•Your nurse manager can authority to grant you a salary increase;
this manager has ______ power.
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Power and Leadership/Management Styles
Power
•The nurse who can accurately interpret an ECG has EXPERT
power.
•The nurse manager who can write a letter of commendation about
your performance in the unit newsletter has REWARD power.
•The nurse who knows about a possible opening the critical care
unit that you might want has CONNECTION power.
(informational)
•Your nurse manager has authority to grant you a salary increase;
this manager has LEGITIMATE power. (reward)
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 Give and example in which
“coercive” power (punishment)
might be appropriately used in
the nursing profession.
Refer to text…a nurse who is abusing
drugs faces loss of license, job,
salary…patient safety is priority!
Referent power…how might referent
power influence your career as a nurse?
Text…an example…as a nurse you carefully follow directions of
your assigned department head…that individual possess symbol of
power!
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Power and Leadership/Management
Styles
 Empowerment
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Share power with others;
enables them to act;
transformational leadership
Delegates much authority for
decision- making
Encourages others to excel!
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The Effective Follower!
 What is the effective follower?
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Perceives the relationship between
institutional goals and personal goals
Views leader as working toward both
Need to both a leader and a follower
(interchangeable!)
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Qualities of a Good Follower!
Know these characteristics!
 Invest self in the organization and its goals
 Know your responsibilities as a follower
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Job description
Report to whom?
Evaluated by whom?
What is the leader’s role?
Support leader and the group
Follow channels of communication
Stimulate leader and the group!
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Developing Your Leadership Role
and Skills!
 Evaluate your own
leadership qualities!
 (Leadership exercises)
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Strengths
Weaknesses
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Developing Your Leadership Role
and Skills!
 Evaluate your own leadership qualities!
 Ways to enhance your own personal power:
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Personal physical resources
Knowledge and competence
Flexibility
Self-confidence and decisiveness
Alliances
Education and practice!
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Test Your Understanding
Which leadership style is considered “people oriented?
1.
Laissez-faire
2.
Authoritarian
3.
Coercive
4.
Democratic
A nurse with the responsibility of deciding the number of staff
member will be assigned to a unit has what kind of power?
1.
Legitimate
2.
Reward
3.
Coercive
4.
Referent
Which method is BEST assess one’s effectiveness as a leader?
1.
Review amount of formal education
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Ask opinion from friend
3.
Wait for input from others
4.
Review personal interactions
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Test Your Understanding!
Which description characterizes
the path-goal theory of
leadership?
Which of the following factors
MOST affects one’s
effectiveness as a manager?
1.
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4.
Number of people managed
Salary received
Status within organization
Leadership style
1.
2.
3.
4.
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Identifies common traits
exhibited by leaders
Reflects four behaviors:
telling, selling,
participating, and
delegating
Minimizes goal
obstruction and reward
followers
Born with leadership
qualities
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Test Your Understanding!
1.
2.
Which of the following factors
MOST affects one’s effectiveness
as a manager?
1.
Number of people managed
2.
Salary received
3.
Status within organization
4.
Leadership style *
Which description characterizes the
path-goal theory of leadership?
1.
Identifies common traits
exhibited by leaders
2.
Reflects four behaviors: telling,
selling, participating, and
delegating
3.
Minimizes goal obstruction and
reward followers*
4.
Born with leadership qualities
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1.
Which leadership style is considered
“people oriented”?
1.
Laissez-faire
2.
Authoritarian
3.
Coercive
4.
Democratic*
2.
A nurse with the responsibility of
deciding the number of staff
member will be assigned to a unit
has what kind of power?
1.
Legitimate*
2.
Reward*
3.
Coercive
4.
Referent
3.
Which method is BEST assess one’s
effectiveness as a leader?
1.
Review amount of formal
education
2.
Ask opinion from friend
3.
Wait for input from others
4.
Review personal interactions*
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The End
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