Transcript 风险管理与合规 Risk Management and Regulatory Compliance 亚太财经与发展中心

Risk Management and
Regulatory Compliance
风险管理与合规
Asia Pacific Finance and Development Center
亚太财经与发展中心
World Bank Institute
世界银行学院
Alex Vanderpol
June 19, 2008
Compliance advises on compliance risk
合规对合规风险提出建议
Compliance risk is the risk of:
-
legal or regulatory sanctions,
-
material financial loss, or
-
harm to reputation
that a bank may suffer as a result of its failure to comply with
relevant laws, regulations, principles and rules, standards and codes
of conduct applicable to its activities, in letter and in spirit.
合规风险是指，由于未遵照适用于公司活动的相关法律、法规、原则、
法则、行为规范与准则，公司可能会遭受法律或法规的制裁，物质
上的财务损失，或者使声誉受损的风险。
Compliance provides a central role in monitoring delivery
and minimising risk
合规在监控公司行为和使风险最小化上扮演着重要作用
Assist management in
managing risk to the
business 协助管理层管
理业务风险
Provide advisory and
objective support 提供咨
询和客观支持
Implement business
specific laws and
regulations 实施与业务
相关的法律法规
• Assist Management in identifying, measuring and mitigating
compliance related risk 协助管理层发现、测量并减少合规风险
• Partner with the business in monitoring level of risks to help achieve
successful implementation of strategic initiatives 和业务一起监控风
险水平，帮助公司成功实施战略倡议
• Align with the business and help provide independent view and advice on
the execution of strategy and on case-specific issues 根据公司业务，提供
有关战略执行和具体案例方面的独立观点和建议
• Understand strategy and business and apply this understanding in its riskbased approach to ensure that proportionate measures are taken to
compliance issues and risk 理解公司战略和业务，并将这一理解应用于基
于风险的方法，以此确保对合规问题和合规风险已采取了适当的措施
• Provide guidance and support on issues related to laws and
regulations 对与法律法规相关的问题提供指导与支持
• Monitor the execution of initiatives and ensure all activities are
compliant with relevant policies and procedures 监控倡议的执行情
况，确保所有活动都遵照相关政策和程序
Who is responsible for Compliance
谁该负责合规工作？
• Business is firstly responsible
业务部应负首要责任
• Compliance is intended for support
合规意在为公司运营提供支持
Key Compliance Areas:
关键的合规领域：
I. Client Acceptance
and Anti-Money
Laundering Policy
客户接受度与反洗钱政
策(CAAML)
 Client Acceptance and Anti-Money Laundering
客户接受度与反洗钱
 Sanctions
制裁
II. Dealing with
Customers
与客户打交道
 Suitability
适宜
 Confidentiality
机密性
 Communication & Marketing  Appropriateness 得当
沟通与营销  Record keeping 档案保管
 Client Classification 客户分类
III. Market
Conduct 市场行为
 Conflicts of Interest 利益冲突
 Chinese Walls
中国墙
 Market Abuse
市场滥用
IV. Other
Compliance topics
其他合规话题




Personal Account Dealing Policy
个人账户处理政策
Gift Policy/ Bribery and Corruption 送礼政策/贿赂与腐败
Whistleblowing
揭发
When you need to Notify Compliance 何时需注意合规
I. Client Acceptance and Anti-Money Laundering
(CAAML) Policy 客户接受度与反洗钱政策
•
•
•
•
KYC Know Your Customer
了解你的客户
Client Acceptance/Due Diligence
客户接受度/尽职调查
Money Laundering & Terrorist Financing 洗钱与恐怖份子筹资活动
Sanction
制裁
1
关
系
考
察
3
风
险
再
评
估
Periodical
Risk Reassessment
(or change in client
profile / incidental)
定期风险再评估（或
客户情况/附带事件的 2
变化）
Exit?
退出？
识别
核
实
Initial Risk
Assessment:
Client Acceptance
And Know Your
Customer
初始风险评估：客户接受
度，了解你的客户
Client life Cycle
风
客户的生命周期 险
评
估
交易监测
AML RISK 反洗钱风险
• Geography 地域
• Industry
行业
• Product
产品
Ongoing Risk Assessment:进行中的风险评估：
Anti-Money Laundering CAAML/Sanctions反洗钱/制裁
Know Your Customer:
了解你的客户：
• Customer Identification allows the bank to have confidence in the
integrity of the persons with whom they transact business
• 客户鉴别使得银行能相信与他们进行交易的人的诚信度
– Requires employees to obtain information identifying their
customers 要求员工获取鉴别客户的信息
– Requires employees to verify that customers are who they say
they are 要求员工核实客户资料的可靠度
• These responsibilities continue throughout the life of our
relationship with a customer and apply to every transaction
• 这些职责贯穿于我们与客户打交道的整个过程，适用于每次交易
Money Laundering & Terrorist Financing
洗钱及恐怖分子筹资活动
“Money Laundering” is the introduction of illegally gained assets
into the legal financial system with the aim of concealing or
disguising their true origin. “洗钱”是将非法获得的资产融入合法的
金融体系中，目的在于隐瞒或者掩饰它们的真实来源。
Money Laundering generally takes place in 3 steps:
洗钱活动一般分三步进行：
Placement 放置
“the introduction of illegally gained assets into the legal financial system
with the aim of concealing or disguising their true origin.” 将非法获得的
资产融入合法的金融体系中，目的在于隐瞒或者掩饰它们的真实来源
Layering 移转
“the source of the illegally obtained funds is obscured through a
succession of transfers and transactions to give them appearance of
legitimacy” 通过连续转移和交易将非法获得的资金的来源模糊化，使它
们看起来合法
Integration 整合
“In order that those same funds can eventually be made to re-appear
as legitimate income.” 使这些资金最终以合法收入的身份再次出现
Examples of other sources for Money Laundering & Terrorist
Financing
洗钱及恐怖分子筹资的其他来源举例
• Drugs 毒品
• Prostitution 卖淫
• Illegal Workers (Human trafficking)
非法劳工（贩卖人口）
• Fraud 欺骗
• Theft 偷窃
• Smuggling goods and/or arms 走私
商品/武器
• Tax Fraud 税务行骗
• Counterfeiting Currency 伪钞
• Kidnapping 绑架
• Extortion 敲诈勒索
• Illegal Gambling 非法赌博
• Environmental Crimes 环境犯罪
Sanctions 制裁
• Two major financial markets, the EU and the US, apply economic
sanctions in certain cases against particular countries to support their
foreign policy objectives. 在某些情况下，欧盟和美国两大金融市场对特
定国家实施经济制裁来支持其外交政策
• Violating EU or US sanction laws can put a bank’s customers at risk of
incomplete transactions, frozen assets or criminal and civil penalties
and expose our bank / employees to liability.
违反欧盟或美国的制裁法会将一家银行的客户置于不完全交易、冻结资
产或者刑事和民事处罚的风险之中，使银行/雇员承受债务
• Particular vigilance is needed when a transaction contains a so called
CSI (Cuban Sudanese or Iranian) element.
当一个交易牵涉所谓的CSI（古巴、苏丹或伊朗）时，需要特别警惕
• Vigilance is also needed when dealing with Myanmar.
和缅甸打交道时也要非常注意
Transaction Surveillance 交易监控
•Transaction filtering
•交易过滤
– Filter pre-transaction cross-border
activity to comply with OFAC, EU
and other Sanctions (immediate
action to prevent transactions
from being processed)
– 滤除交易前的跨国活动以遵守外国
资产管制处、欧盟及其他制裁（防
止交易被处理的立即行动）
•Transaction monitoring
•交易监测
– Monitor post-transaction activity
to detect unusual behaviour
which requires further analysis
(observation and investigation
after transactions happen); more
subjective
– 监测交易后的活动以发现需要进
一步分析的异常行为（交易发生
后的观察与调查）；更主观
II. Dealing with Customers
与客户打交道
• Confidentiality 机密性
• Client Classification 客户分类
• Suitability of Advice 建议的适宜性
• Appropriateness 适当
• Marketing Communication 营销沟通
• Record Keeping 档案保管
Confidentiality 机密性
What information is confidential?
哪些信息是机密的？
•
•
All information related to a bank that has not been made
public
(including internal memos, policies, credit applications,
employee and supplier data)
所有与银行相关的未公开的信息（包括内部备忘录、政策、员
工及供应商资料）
All non-public information about existing and prospective
clients
所有有关现有和潜在客户的非公开信息
Confidentiality and common sense
机密性与常识
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Be careful with confidential documents in public places
(same applies to laptops)
公共场合注意机密文档的处理（同样适用于笔记本电脑）
Be careful with conversations while in the presence of
others (also on mobile phones)
有他人在场时（手机接听电话时）注意谈话内容的保密
Clear your desk at the end of your working day of any
sensitive documents
工作日结束时注意清理桌面上的任何机密文档
Never share your user-id and password with others
不要和他人共用你的用户名和密码
BIG BANG!
大爆炸！
November 2007
MiFID
2007年11月
MiFID
• MiFID: Markets in Financial Instruments Directive:
– Stringent NEW rules imposed on all Financial Institutions
dealing with Customers and Markets in all EEA countries
(EU + Norway, Liechtenstein and Iceland)
• MiFID: 金融工具市场法规：
-对所有EEA国家（欧盟+挪威、列支敦士登、冰岛）
中与客户和市场打交道的金融机构施加的严格的新规
则
MiFID highest impact areas for ABN AMRO
MiFID对荷兰银行施加的最高影响领域
Client Classification: Determines the clients level of investment protection.
客户分类：决定投资保护的客户水平
Best Execution: Getting the client the best result which could
be a combination of price/cost/speed of execution, etc…
最佳执行：为客户获得最佳结果，可能是价格、成本、执行速度等的组合
Marketing and Communication: Must be clear, fair and not misleading.
营销与沟通：必须清楚、公正、不具误导性
Appropriateness: (Non advised Services) Making sure (by carefully
recording) that the client understands the products and the related risks
适当性：（非咨询的服务）（通过仔细记录）确保客户明白产品及相关风险
Suitability: Advise the client’ what suits the clients best interests given their:
适宜性：向客户建议什么是最适合他们的最佳利益的，依据：
– Investment purpose 投资目的
– Assets 资产
– Income 收入
– Risk appetite 风险喜好
MiFID Classification: What types of clients do we deal with? And why
is it important to classify them?
MiFID分类：我们与哪些类型的客户打交道？为什么客户分类
很重要
Level of Protection 保护水平
Individuals
个人
Small
Companies
小公司
Large
Companie
s
大公司
Regulated
Firms
规管公司
Retail零售
Professional专业
Eligible counterparty
符合条件的对手
Size and experience
规模和经验
Terminology 术语
Non Advised
Services
非咨询服务
Does the client understand
the risks of the products
being sold?
客户明白出售的产品的风险吗？
Appropriateness合适度
Advisory
Services
咨询服务
Does each transaction meet
the client’s objectives and risk
profile?
每次交易都达到了客户的目标和
风险概况了吗？
Suitability适宜度
Appropriateness – Information required
合适度 – 信息必须的
•
•
Owed to ‘Professional’ and ‘Retail’ clients 归功于专业和零售客户
Assess: 评估：
– Knowledge and experience 知识与经验
• Can be assumed for professional clients but only in relation to those
products/services or transactions for which we have classified them as
professionals (unless you understand the risks).
• 可以推测专业客户的知识与经验，但是仅在有关产品/服务或者交易的方面
Non Advised
Services
非咨询服务
Appropriateness合
适度
Advisory
Discretionary
咨询酌情考虑
Suitability 适宜度
What if it is not appropriate and the client insists?
如果不合适而客户却坚持己见，怎么办？
Can you deal? 这个交易你能做吗？
Yes, so long as written warning is provided
可以，只要有书面警告
Suitability 适宜度
•
Owed to all advisory clients 归功于所有咨询客户
•
What is advice? 咨询建议是指？
– Personal recommendation that is advice on investments (e.g. buy/sell/hold)
– 对投资的个人建议（如购买、抛售、持有）
• Presented as suitable for the person; or 适合于个人的，或者
• Based on a consideration of the circumstances of the person 基于对个人请
况的综合考虑的
• Where the client can reasonably assume it is a recommendation 客户能将
Advisory
之当作建议的
Non Advised
Discretionary
Services
咨询酌情考虑
非咨询服务
Appropriateness合
适度
Suitability 适宜度
Suitability of Advice 建议的适宜度
A bank may only give: 银行可能会给出：
- investment advice to a client or 投资建议，或者
- effect a discretionary investment transaction 影响任意的投资交易
when this is “suitable” given the client’s needs and personal circumstances.
只在这些建议适合客户的需求和个人情况时
Suitability must be assessed based on: 适宜度需根据以下条件来评估：
- the information disclosed by the client, and/or 客户透露的信息，和/或
- client information the bank reasonably should have been aware of. 银行应该注意到的客户信
息
In case of non advice for a client, no suitability check needs to take place.
如果对客户没有做出任何建议，不需检查其适宜度
Suitability of Advice: Information from/to client
建议的适宜性：来自/给予客户的信息
Before the bank gives investment advice it must collect and retain sufficient
information from the client on: 在银行给出投资建议前，必须从客户那里收集并保留足够的如下方
面的信息：
- his / its investment experience and knowledge of products and risks attached 投资经验和对产
品及其风险的了解水平
- the investment objectives 投资目标
- the financial situation and personal circumstances 经济状况和个人情况
- the client’s risk appetite 客户的风险喜好
Also the client must be able to take an informed decision and therefore must be given
sufficient information on: 客户还需能够做出明达的决定，因此，必须给其足够的如下方面的信息：
- product characteristics including risk profile, pricing and costs
- 产品特征，包括风险概况、定价和成本
All information provided must be fair, clear and not misleading.
提供的所有信息需公正、明晰、不具误导性
Is this advice? 这是建议吗？
We have a number of
market protection
structured products.
These can give the
upside potential without
the downside risk. Shall
I send some term sheets
through?
我们有一些保护收益的结构性理
财产品。他们都具有成长潜力，
没有下跌风险。给您一些资料单
行吗？
Non advice
非建议
Advice
建议
Non advice
非建议
In view of your current
portfolio and risk appetite,
I think the most appropriate
investment would be one of
our market protection
structured products. These
can give the upside potential
without the downside risk. In
terms of your current
allocations I reckon that 5060m would effect the shift in
frontier that you want.
鉴于您目前的投资组合和您的风险喜好，
我认为最适合的投资是我们的保护收益
的结构性产品。他们能保持成长潜力，
而没有下跌风险。您目前的配置方面，
我想5000-6000万会得到您想要的最佳
收益。
Advice
建议
I remember our chat about
airlines, a couple of weeks
ago and the upside
following the slide in oil.
We think Blue Sky Airlines
now have the right strategy
in place and you should
give them a go.
我记得几周前我们聊过航空公司，在
石油股下跌后会有哪些上升行情。我
们觉得Blue Sky航空公司实施的战
略非常到位，您应该试一试这只股票
Non advice
非建议
Advice
建议
Keep records where advice is given
给出建议时请做好记录
•
•
•
The client’s financial objectives must be recorded 必须记录客户的理财目标
The advice must be recorded 必须记录给出的建议
The reasons why you consider the advice meets the client’s financial objective
must be recorded 必须记录你为什么认为该建议满足客户的理财目标
Non Advised
Services
非咨询服务
Appropriateness合
适度
Advisory
Portfolio Management 咨
询服务：投资组合管理
Suitability适宜度
III. Market Conduct 市场行为
•
•
•
•
Conflicts of Interest 利益冲突
Chinese Walls 中国墙
Control Room 控制室
Market Abuse 市场滥用
Conflicts of Interest 利益冲突
For example:例如：
- personal / bank interest 个人利益/银行利益
- bank interests / clients interest 银行利益/客户利益
- between clients 客户之间的利益
•
Manage conflicts of interest properly 妥善管理利益冲突
•
Be transparent and report internally 透明化，内部汇报
•
Reallocate responsibilities 重新分配职责
•
Inform client/ask consent if appropriate 如果适当，告知
客户/征得客户的同意
Chinese Walls 中国墙
What are Chinese Walls? 什么是中国墙？
Barriers created to restrict or prevent movement of information within the
bank, to help manage conflicts of interest and protect the confidentiality
of client information.
为限制或防止信息在银行内流通而制造的障碍，帮助管理利益冲突，保护
客户信息的机密性
What do they look like? 特征？
• physical
• organisational
• procedural
• operational
物理上
组织上
程序上
操作上
Chinese Walls
Private vs. Public side (Continued)
中国墙：私人方面VS.公共方面（续）
Private Side 私人方面
Commercial
Clients
商业客户
Global Markets
Structured
Finance
全球市场结构性金融
Transaction
Banking
交易
Chinese Wall
Global Clients
全球客户
Public Side 公共方面
Global Markets
Sales/
Trading
全球市场销售/交易
Information Barrier信息障碍
Global Markets
Research
全球市场研究
Chinese Walls
中国墙（续）
(Continued)
In addition, Chinese Walls allow: 此外，中国墙允许：
• some defence against allegations of misconduct 为不良行为辩护
• maximisation of business opportunities across product lines by
allowing us to perform many different roles at the same time 通过允许
我们同时负责多种不同的职责来使各个产品线间的商业机会最大化
•Examples: 举例:
− Corporate Finance advises listed company on divestment of subsidiary
− 公司金融部对上市公司分拆子公司提供建议
− Acquisition Finance advises three different bidders
−收购金融部建议有三个不同的投标人
− Credit Portfolio Management assesses debt capacity for fourth bidder
−信贷组合管理部评估第四个投标人的债务能力
− Proprietary Trading in trading in the stocks of the listed company
−专有交易部对上市公司股票交易提供建议
− Private Clients in providing investment advice on the listed company
−私人客户部提供上市公司的投资建议
Control Rooms 控制室
A Control Room’s main functions: 控制室的主要功能：
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Maintaining global marketing and watch lists
维持全球营销和观察清单
Maintaining global restricted trading lists
维持全球限制交易清单
Identifying potential conflicts of interest
识别潜在的利益冲突
Clearing/recording Chinese Wall crossings and registering
Insiders
理清/记录中国墙间的交叉，登记内部知情人
Pre-clearance of equity and fixed-income research
提前弄清楚股权和固定收益研究
Pre-clearance of certain transactions
预先清除某些交易
Market Abuse: Market Manipulation
市场滥用：市场操纵
• Spreading false or misleading information about the market,
or the price or value of an investment
E.g. spreading a rumour and false or misleading news through internet
散布错误的或者误导性的有关市场、投资价格或价值的信息
例如：通过英特网散布谣言或虚假新闻
• Acting purely to influence the price of financial instruments
E.g. manipulating the price at the closing of markets
manipulating the price upward to show a higher portfolio value
(usually around month-, quarter-, or year-end)
纯粹为影响金融工具的价格的行为
例如：操纵股市收盘价
操纵价格的上升，显示更高的投资组合价值（一般在月末、
季度末或年末时）
• Doing transactions that create the impression of greater supply
and/or demand than exists in reality
E.g. doing trades with no economic basis, undertaken simply to give
the illusion of activity (manipulation of volume)
• 做交易以制造比实际更大的供给和/或需求的印象
• 例如：做没有经济基础的股票买卖，仅仅是为了给予活动频繁的假象
（操纵交易量）
Market Abuse: Insider dealing
市场滥用：内幕交易
Inside information is information that is: 内幕信息是指：
• Precise
(about an event or circumstances that have occurred or can reasonably be
expected to occur)
•准确（关于已发生的，或者预计很可能发生的事件或情况的准确信息）
• Not generally available / Not obtainable by analysis or research
•通常无法获得/不能通过分析或研究获得
• If it were made public, it would probably affect the price or value
of the company / industry sector involved
•如果公之于众，很可能会影响有关公司/行业的价格或价值
It includes information which could relate to:它包括有关以下几方面的信息：
• Issuers of financial instruments 金融工具的发行者
• Transferable securities 可转让证券
• Commodities or 商品或者
• Client Orders 客户订单
Market Abuse: Insider dealing
(Continued)
市场滥用：内幕交易 （续）
Anyone in the possession of inside information may not:
任何拥有内部信息的人不可以：
• Must not improperly pass the inside information on to someone else
不能将内部信息不当地传达给他人
• Buy or sell financial instruments of issuers for your own or a banks
economic advantage
• 为自己或者银行的经济利益购买或销售发行人的金融工具
• Recommend or induce another person to do either of the above
• 建议或者劝诱他人做以上任一件事情
Other Compliance topics
其它合规问题
• Personal Account Dealing Policy个人账户交易政策
• Gift Policy 礼品政策
• Bribery and Corruption 贿赂与腐败
• Whistleblowing 检举揭发
Personal Account Dealing Policy
个人账户交易政策
Why?原因?
•
Buying or selling securities while in the possession of confidential
price sensitive information (inside information) is a criminal offence
in most jurisdictions.在很多辖区, 在掌握机密的价格信息(内部信息)
的情况下买卖证券构成犯罪行为。
•
Taking advantage of information that an employee gets in the
performance of his or her duties in a bank for personal gain is
unacceptable. 银行员工利用职务之便获取私利是违法行为。
The appearance of insider trading must also be avoided. 必须避免内
幕交易的现象。
Disclosure and transparency
信息披露和透明度
• All securities accounts of staff and their connected parties
must be disclosed.
•所有员工及关联方的证券账户信息必须披露。
• A bank must be able to monitor transactions
against submitted requests for approval.
•银行必须能够按照提交的审批需求对交易进行监督。
Pre-Approval, Minimum Holding Period,
Restricted Trading Lists
事先批准，最短持有期，限制交易名单
• Staff Members and connected parties must ask pre-approval from their
line-manager and / or Compliance departments.
员工及其关联方必须得到直线经理/合规部门的事先批准。
• Transactions may only be reversed after 28 days have elapsed
(28 day holding period).
超过28天方可进行回购。（28天持有期）
• Mutual funds are not bound to the 28 day holding period but intraday
trading (24 hours) is never permitted
• 共同基金不受28天持有期的限制，但严禁日间（24小时）交易。
• There can be trading done in securities on restricted trading lists 列入限
制交易名单里的证券交易也可以进行。
Gift Policy 礼品政策
Acceptance of gifts 礼品接受
• Gifts or legacies must not be accepted from
customers or suppliers.禁止收取客户或供应商赠送的礼品或遗赠品。
• Excessive or abnormal entertainment must also be viewed in this light.
禁止超常或非正常招待活动。
If a gift can not be refused or returned, it may be
accepted provided that it is: 如果礼品无法拒收或退还，在
下列情况下可以接收：
• not in the form of cash非现金形式
• not given in the expectation of a payback 无获取回报的目的
• of nominal value only仅有票面价值
Gift Policy 礼品政策
(Continued)（续）
Presentation of gifts 礼品赠送
• Gifts to customers, suppliers, government officials
or intermediaries must not be presented as a way of gaining
economic or political advantage.
• 不能为获取经济利益或政治利益而向客户、供应商、政府官员或中
介机构赠送礼物。
As an exception, gifts of nominal value may be presented:
例外情况：具有票面价值的礼品可以作为
• as a courtesy 礼尚往来
• for promotional purposes 宣传用途
• special occasions where a “Bank” gift may be appropriate 特殊场
合，“银行”礼物比较适合的情况下赠送。
Bribery 行贿
• Bribery is defined as: 行贿的定义是
− offering 送礼
− suggesting 行贿暗示
− paying 给予他人财物
− or authorising 或授权他人从事上述行为
• a payment to someone for their or another’s personal gain with
the intention either to motivate active or passive deviation from a
duty or to secure the performance of a duty. 行贿是指出于让他
人履行职责或使他人主动或被动违背职守的目的，以谋取个人不
正当利益而给予他人财物的行为。
Corruption 腐败
Effects of Corruption on Business
腐败对商业活动的影响
1. Causes damage to reputation, which, in turn, causes loss of
confidence in the market 损害企业形象，从而导致市场信心下降
2. Increases uncertainty in business 不确定因素增多
3. Increases costs 成本升高
4. Hampers international trade 阻碍国际贸易
5. Reduces investment投资减少
Whistleblowing Policy 检举政策
What this policy does? 此政策的目的？
Ensure that all staff can whistleblow (even anonymously), on
(suspected) criminal or unethical conduct 确保所有员工可检举（即使
是匿名检举）（嫌疑）犯罪人员或不道德行为。
How? 具体方式？
– by encouraging staff to make disclosure of criminal or
unethical conduct 鼓励员工揭发犯罪行为或不道德行为
– by providing the means for staff to make those disclosures
(private email addresses and phone numbers) 为员工提供检举
的途径（秘密邮件地址和电话号码）
– by ensuring that disclosures will be treated with discretion
and utmost confidentiality 保证检举材料得到谨慎和机密的处理
– by explicitly protecting the individual who makes a
disclosure in good faith 明确保护进行正义检举的个人
Employees should notify Compliance when they:
下列情况下，员工应注意合规问题：
Are connected with a transaction where you have reasonable grounds to
suspect that the counterparty and/or client is engaged in insider dealing
or price manipulation. 涉及某交易，该交易中，你有充足理由怀疑对方和/
或客户涉嫌内部交易或价格操纵。
• Suspect transactions to involve money laundering and/or financial crime
怀疑涉嫌洗钱和/或金融犯罪的交易
• Suspect incorrect pricing of positions – e.g. mismarking. 疑为头寸定价错
误—如计价错误
• Suspect false or misleading valuations to customers, etc. 怀疑向顾客传递
了错误或误导的评估信息
• Are aware of trading limits being deliberately exceeded. 知道超出交易额
度是蓄意而为
• Are aware of activities intended to mislead the Bank, our customers, or
the regulators. 了解某些故意误导银行、客户或监管方的行为
• Find your position conflicted or are faced with a potential conflict of
interest. 发现你的岗位有利益冲突或面临潜在的利益冲突
• See any gift, or proposed gift, is given to a government or regulatory
official or employee who is either directly or indirectly associated with the
Bank’s business. 发现向政府、监管工作人员或与银行业务有直接或间接
联系的员工送礼的行为或送礼的企图
Employees are expected to notify Compliance when they:
(continued…)
下列情况下，员工应注意合规问题：（续）
•
•
•
See a significant complaint made by a client and it has not been dealt
with to the satisfaction of the client. 目睹客户的重大抱怨没有得到满意的
处理。
Are in receipt of inside information which is not in accordance with the
Bank’s policies and procedures 收到不符合银行政策及程序的内幕消息
Are aware of a breach of the Personal Account Dealing rules. 知道违反
个人账户交易规则的行为。