Transcript reducing risks, preparing and managing for environmental hazards

Presentation of the Office of Civil Defense for the
Forum on Partnership Building for DRRM and CCA,
June 18-20, 2012
“Disaster is a
development issue and
not a humanitarian issue.”
- WB Institute
SCOPE OF
PRESENTATION
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
Philippine Disaster Risk Profile
Overview of Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management
NDRRM Plan
Priority Programs and Projects
Making DRRM Work: Options and Resources
Philippine Disaster Risk
Profile
Philippine Disaster Risk Profile
Over the past decades, the Philippines has been labeled as
one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world mainly
because of its geographic and geologic location, and physical
characteristics.
Philippine Disaster Risk Profile
The country lies along several active fault lines. All over the
country, there are active, inactive and potentially active
volcanoes. We record an average of 20 earthquakes per
day and around 100-150 earthquakes felt per year.
Philippine Disaster Risk Profile
Climate risks bring with it exposure to super typhoons, El
Niño-related droughts, projected rainfall change and
projected temperature increase.
In addition, flooding is another hazard facing the country
due to rains brought about by typhoons and the monsoon.
Philippine Disaster Risk Profile
Aside from natural causes, the Philippines also
experiences human‐induced disasters. These are brought
about by hazards that are of political and socio‐economic
origins and inappropriate and ill‐applied technologies.
Philippine Disaster Risk Profile
Many are forced to evacuate during times of conflict and
extreme weather conditions. People die from floods,
landslides and earthquakes primarily due to the destruction
of substandard buildings and inappropriate location. The
health of people is severely at risk because of industrial
and domestic waste that pollutes the water, land and air.
Major Typhoons and
Impact (2005-2011)
Major
Typhoons
Regions
Affected
Amount of
Rainfall/Maxi
mum 24-hr.
Rainfall (mm)
Consequence
Impact
Population/
Damage(PhP)
1. TS Auring
(2005) Regions
IV-B, V, VI &
VIII
8 regions
139.8– 16 March
98558-Guian Rdr
109.0 – 18 March
98836 - Casiguran
Floods,
Landslide
Pop -15,638
Agri – 11.1 M
Infra – 10.0 M
2. TY Reming
(2006) Regions
III, IV-A, 1V-B &
V
4 regions
446.0 – 30 Nov.
98444 – Legaspi
190.2 – 30 Nov.
98536 - Romblon
Floods,
Landslide, Lahar
Pop – 3,536,342
Agri – 1,936.2M
Infra – 3,512.4M
3. TY Mina
(2007) Regions
I, II, III, IV-A, IVB, VIII & CAR
8 regions
134.8 – 25 Nov.
(98328)
129.6 – 26 Nov.
98134 – Basco,
Batanes (98134)
103.6 – 27 Nov.
Floods,
Landslide
Pop – 838,061
Agri – 460.1M
Infra – 659.9M
Major Typhoons and
Impact (2005-2011)
Major
Typhoons
Regions
Affected
Amount of
Rainfall/Maxi
mum 24 hr.
Rainfall (mm)
Consequence
Impact
Population/
Damage
(PhP)
4. TY Frank
12 regions
(2008) Regions I,
III, IV-a, IV-B, V,
VI, VII, VIII, IX,
X, XI, XII
354.0 – 20 June
(98637)
300.0 – 20 June
(98538)
Floods
Landslide
Pop - 4,776,778
Agri– 7,481.3M
Infra– 5,856.3M
5. TY Ondoy
12 regions
(2009) Regions I,
II, III, IV-A, IV-B,
V, VI, IX, XII,
CAR,
ARMM,NCR
455.0 – 26 Sept
(98430)
331.8 – 26 Sept
Tanay (98433)
Floods,
Landslide
Pop - 4,901,234
Agri – 6,668.7M
Infra– 4,283.5M
6. TY Peping
9 regions
(2009) Regions I,
II, III, IV-A, IV-B,
258.5 – 26 Sept
Port Area
(98425)
Floods,
Landslide
Pop- 4,478,284
Agri–20,494.7M
Infra -6,799.3M
Major Typhoons and
Impact (2005-2011)
Major
Typhoons
Regions
Affected
7. TY Basyang
(2010)
8. TS Sendong
(2011) Regions
VI, VII, IX, X,
XI, Caraga &
ARMM
7 regions
Amount of
Rainfall/Maxi
mum 24 hr.
Rainfall (mm)
Consequence
Impact
Population/
Damage
(PhP)
218.0 – 13 July
Ambulong
(98432)
160.0 – 13 July
Tayabas,Quezon
(98427)
Floods,
Landslide
Pop – 585,383
180.0 – 16 Dec
Lumbia, CDO
230.5 – 16 Dec
Talakag, Buk
Flashfloods
Landslide
Pop – 698,882
Agri – 444.9 M
Infra –1,677.1M
Damage to Infrastructure
6799.3
7000
5856.3
6000
5000
4000
3512.4
PHP (Million)
3000
2000
1000
0
659.9
10
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Damage to Agriculture
25000
20494.7
20000
15000
PHP (Million)
10000
7481.3
5000
1936.2
0
460.1
11.1
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
TS Sendong Disaster:
Causes, Effects and Impacts
 In Region 10 alone, 4 provinces, 26 municipalities, 3
cities, 206 barangays were affected; 70,314 families were
affected/displaced, 1,206 were declared as dead, 181 as
missing, and 6,071 as injured.
 Total number of damaged houses is placed at 39,888.
Damage
in
productive,
infrastructure,
human
development and other cross-sectoral concerns is
estimated at PhP5.442B. Total losses from all sectors
combined is placed at PhP1.388B.
 Priority recovery and reconstruction needs is valued at
PhP26.723B.
Understanding4,000
Disaster
Risk
deaths
missing
Reduction and2,000
Management
8,000 injured
17
Cotabato City waterfront warehouses and residential areas in the aftermath of the 1976 Moro Gulf Tsunami.
Risk = Hazards x Vulnerability / Capacity
Hazards become disasters only if vulnerable
people and resources are exposed to them.
Hazard
Vulnerability &
Capacity
DISASTER
Exposure
“An
Act Strengthening the
Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management System, Providing
for the National Disaster Risk
Reduction
and
Management
Framework and Institutionalizing
the
National
Disaster
Risk
Reduction and Management Plan,
Appropriating Funds Therefore and
for Other Purposes”
Paradigm Shift in Disaster
Management
Top-down
disaster management
Bottom-up and
participative disaster
risk reduction
Disasters as merely a
function of physical
hazards
Disasters mainly a
reflection of people’s
vulnerability
Focus on disaster
response and
anticipation
Integrated approach to
genuine social and
human development
to reduce disaster risk
From DISASTER RESPONSE
The provision of emergency
services and public assistance
during or immediately after a
disaster in order
to save lives,
reduce health impacts,
ensure public safety and
meet the basic subsistence
needs of the people
affected.
Disaster
response
is
predominantly focused on
immediate and short-term
needs and is sometimes called
“disaster relief”.
To DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
A systematic effort to analyze
and manage the causes of
disasters by reducing the
vulnerabilities and enhancing
capacities in order to lessen
the adverse impacts of
hazards and the probability
of disaster.
Living with Risks
 Disasters are not the necessary result of natural hazards but occur
only when these natural hazards intersect with built environment
(physical), particularly poorly located and poorly constructed
development, as well as social, economic and other environmental
vulnerabilities.
 Natural hazards can not be managed. The characteristics of the built
environment and underlying factors of a vulnerable condition can be
managed.
 Therefore, the only thing that can be done is to manage the built
environment and address underlying factors or dynamic pressures of
vulnerable conditions to reduce vulnerabilities as well as disaster
risks.
DRRM Framework
 The DRRM Law provides a responsive and proactive manner of
addressing disasters through a framework that:
 prioritizes on community level DRRM focusing on the most
vulnerable sectors
 strengthens local capacities
 ensures broad-based and greater participation from Civil
Society
 addresses the root causes of disaster risks
Key Players in DRRM
National
Government
Local
Government
Civil
Society
Community
DRRM Thematic Areas
and Long-Term Goals
National DRRM Plan
As Guide to national and local efforts on DRRM:
 Raise awareness and understanding among government and
the people on the country’s DRRM goal
 Show the overall direction and set of priorities that delineates
the fundamental elements and components of disaster risk
reduction and disaster risk management in the country
 Provide a common direction towards addressing underlying
causes of vulnerability to help reduce and manage the risks to
disasters
 Show that DRR and DRM efforts are not isolated activities
but are inevitably linked to the development process and
should converge and contribute towards attaining sustainable
development
Disaster Preparedness
Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Safer, adaptive and disaster resilient
Filipino communities
14 Objectives, 24 Outcomes, 56
Outputs and 93 Activities
Disaster Response
Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery
Thematic Area 1: Prevention and
Mitigation
OUTCOME
1. DRRM and CCA mainstreamed and integrated in
national, sectoral, regional and local development
policies, plans and budget
LEAD
AGENCY
OCD
2. DRRM and CCA-sensitive environmental
management
DENR
3. Increased resilience of infrastructure systems
DPWH
4. Community-based scientific DRRM and CCA
assessment, mapping, analysis and monitoring
OCD
5. Communities access to effective and applicable
disaster risk financing and insurance
DOF
6. End-to-end monitoring, forecasting and early warning
systems are established and/or improved
DOST
2. Thematic Area: Preparedness
OUTCOME
LEAD
AGENCY
7. Increased level of awareness and enhanced capacity
of the community to the threats and impacts of all
hazards
PIA
8. Communities are equipped with necessary skills and
capacity to cope with the impacts of disasters
DILG and OCD
9. Increased DRRM and CCA capacity of Local DRRM
Councils, Offices and Operating Centers at all levels
DILG
10. Developed and implemented comprehensive national
and local preparedness and response policies, plans
and systems
DILG and OCD
11. Strengthened partnership and coordination among all
key players and stakeholders
DILG
Thematic Area 3: Response
OUTCOME
LEAD AGENY
12. Well-established disaster response operations
DSWD
13. Adequate and prompt assessment of needs and
damages at all levels
DRRMCs,
OCD, DSWD
14. Integrated and coordinated Search, Rescue and
Retrieval (SRR) capacity
DND, DILG,
DOH
15. Safe and timely evacuation of affected communities
LGUs
16. Temporary shelter needs adequately addressed
DSWD
17. Basic social services provided to affected population
(whether inside or outside evacuation areas)
DOH
18. Psychosocial needs of directly and indirectly affected
population addressed
DOH
19. Coordinated, integrated system for early recovery
implemented
DSWD
Thematic Area 4:
Rehabilitation and Recovery
OUTCOME
20. Damages, losses and needs assessed
21. Economic activities restored and if possible,
strengthened or expanded
22. Houses rebuilt or repaired to be more resilient to
hazard events; safer sites for housing
23. Disaster and climate change-resilient infrastructure
constructed/reconstructed
24. A psychologically safe and secure citizenry that is
protected from the effects of disasters is able to
restore to normal functioning after each disaster
LEAD AGENCY
OCD
Agency to be
determined
based on the
affected sectors
NHA
DPWH
DOH, DSWD
Priority Programs and
Projects
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Establishment of DRRM Training Institutes
Installation of end-to-end flood early warning systems in critical
areas
Establishment of Local DRRMCs and DRRM Offices
Hazard and risk mapping in the most high-risk areas in the country
Institutional capability program on DRRM and CCA for decision
makers, public sector employees, and key stakeholders
Capacity building on PDNA for national government agencies,
regional line agencies, and local government offices
Priority Programs and
Projects
7. Review, amend/revise the following:
Building Code to integrate DRRM and CCA
 EO 72 s. 1993 on CLUPs of LGUs
 Various environmental policies (i.e., EO 26) to
integrate DRRM and CCA
Development of communications protocol, common
standards and tools for measurement and
assessment
Mainstreaming DRRM and CCA in local and national
development planning

8.
9.
Making DRRM Work:
Options and Resources
Disaster Trends and
Implications
 Major disasters in the last six (6) years affected more
than four (4) regions. The comprehensive, integrated
and cluster approach in DRRM is a must to optimize
scarce response resources thru multi-stakeholders’
participation.
 Increasing intensity in rainfall signify both the
potential benefit of water resource to be managed or
the threat of losses if not properly mitigated.
 Data-sharing and modeling for disaster prevention
and mitigation have become imperatives for longterm solutions.
Disaster Trends and
Implications
 Increasing damages to infrastructure indicate the
seriousness for the development and upgrading of
engineering solutions and structural designs through
science and worst-case scenario setting.
 Widespread agricultural losses warrant the
development of disaster-resistant/tolerant agrisystems and improved farming technology
 Increasing number of affected population emphasize
the need for people awareness of DRR systems (ie.,
early warning, drills) and their active participation in
DRRM efforts.
Sources of DRR Support
 National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management





Fund (NDRRMF)
Local DRRM/Calamity Fund
20% Local Development Fund
General Appropriations Act (government agencies
budget)
Priority Development Assistance Fund (PDAF)
Official Development Assistance
The Challenge. . .
 Developing a common understanding of the different
aspects of DRRM and commitment of stakeholders
to consider these in national and local planning and
programming.
 Acquiring broad-based appreciation that DRRM is ...
 about lessening the vulnerability and increasing capacities
of men and women in communities and governments;
 about mainstreaming disaster consciousness in national
and local governance and development efforts;
 strongly linked to climate change adaptation; and
 achieved through multi-stakeholders partnership.
Paraphrasing UN Sec. Gen. Kofi Annan:
End of Presentation
Thank you and Good
Day!