Transcript Development and Use of Geographic Database and GIS for Census Data Dissemination United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial.

Development and Use of Geographic Database
and GIS for Census Data Dissemination
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Outline

UN Recommendations/Census Geography Programme

Building a Geographic Database

Digital Data Dissemination Strategies and Users

SALB Project

Handbook on Geospatial Infrastructure in Support of
Census Activities
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Census Geography Programme: a continuous process
 The recommendations derived from UN EGM and Workshops on
GIS and census mapping emphasized the need for countries to
consider the census geography programme as a continuous process,
rather than the sequential mapping and dissemination operations.
 It was also emphasized that the use of and application of
contemporary geospatial technologies and geographical databases
is beneficial at all stages of population and housing census
process. Geospatial improve the efficiency in the preparatory,
enumeration, processing and dissemination phases of the census
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Census Cycle
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
GIS with Census mapping at all stages
Pre-census
(Pre-enumeration)
Census
(Enumeration)
GPS
Photo/Video
Digital Mapping
Satellite Imagery
Post-Census
(Post-enumeration)
GPS/PDA
GIS
GIS
GIS
Digital
Mapping
EAs Units
Internet
(Map-Server)
Administrative and
Reporting Units
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Administrative hierarchy
 Every country has its own specific administrative hierarchy
 Definition:
A system by which the country and each lower level set of
administrative units (except the lowest) are subdivided to
form the next lower level.
 Administrative areas for which census data will be reported
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Illustration of a nested admin.
Hierarchy
Provinces
 Relationships among all types
of administrative and
reporting unit boundaries are
defined.
Districts
 hierarchical levels may have
actual administrative roles
 Other units may have
statistical roles alone
Localities
Enumeration
areas
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Coding Scheme
 EA: a basic geographic feature
 Need for an identifier: linking the geographic feature to the
census data (attributes) recorded for them
 EAs and administrative units: coding scheme
A unique code assigned to each EA, used in data processing
Coding scheme: scalability, flexibility, intuitiveness, compatibility


 Example of a hierarchical coding scheme
1
2
province
0
3
district
4
0
1
2
locality
5
0
0
2
Enumeration area
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
4
Geocoding Concept
 “Geocoding can be broadly defined as the assignment of a
code to a geographic location. Usually however, Geocoding
refers to a more specific assignment of geographic
coordinates (latitude, longitude) to an individual address
(UN Report of the EGM on Contemporary Practices in Census Mapping and Use of GIS, 2007)
 Geo-coding: not limited to address-matching
 Geocoding covers a continuum of spatial scales: from individual
housing units to enumeration area level up to higher
administrative or national levels.
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Complete EA map with all components overlaid on one map display
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27
57
65
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350
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361
eet
Bonne Str
Robinson
Street
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22
377
Cartania
Chartes
Maptown
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9
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378
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10
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Enumeration Area Map
Province:
District:
Locality:
EA-Code:
7
12
23
Bessel Street
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13
15
52
51
2
14
84
85
24
51
54
58
2
83
Grinten Street
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eet
Tissot Str
27
1
88
39
Street
50
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28
Mollweide Street
Imhof Drive
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59
29
77
78
Miller
42
43
76
80
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40
34
374
21
20
19
82
81
87
41
30
18
Cassini Drive
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42
Goode
33
68
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70
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31
32
13
362
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43
27
28
12
36
22
30
21
22
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Street
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67
10
3
4
72
20
Cassini Drive
24
75
11
2
ive
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15
16
64
5
Dr
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17
18
Lambert Avenue
14
3
ue
r Aven
to
Merca
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45
19
13
t
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12
65
63
Gall Street
kij Street
Krassows
ree
Snyder St
37
66
57
Tobler Street
42
62
Street
9
Street
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10
11
6
eet
e Str
Clark
7
1
Ortelius
Ptolemy
5
4
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60
1
41
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33
34
55
31
358
32
Eckert Drive
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Main components are:
Street network,
Buildings
EA boundaries layer
Annotation,
Symbols,
Labels
Building numbers
Neatlines
Legend
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35
22
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Symbols
14
032
0221
00361
District
358
EA-Code
Locality
Hospital
EA
N
17
Building
number
Church
School
Approximate scale
0
50
100
200m
Census 2000
National Statistical Office - July 1998
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Components of a Hypothetical
urban EA map
Street Network
Boundaries
Street
Network
Buildings
Boundaries
Annotation
and symbols
Buildings
Anno
350
349
358
358
362
361
374
374
378
377
Building
numbers
Boundaries
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27
57
35
22
65
62
40
Neatlines and
Annotation
and legend
symbols
Boundaries
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20
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43
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41
33
34
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35
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65
62
40
350
349
6
61
32
63
42
349
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350
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34
64
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6
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5
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1
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31
9
5
66
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59
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7
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10
63
64
65
3
4
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31
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2
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67
75
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378
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377
Building numbers
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35
22
62
42
60
41
20
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358
EA
Building
number
Census
2000
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1
62
9
66
56
59
10
65
5
65
School
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3
4
32
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10
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378
Enumeration
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41
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21
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59
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3
4
41
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United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
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Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
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Carta
Char
Mapt
N
Approxima
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Neatlines and legend
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Province:
District:
Locality:
EA-Code:
National Statistical Office July 1998
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40
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31
9
53
45
Church
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5
7
10
Hospital
Building numbers
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61
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377
EA-Code
11
Locality
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60
55
54
Approximate scale
31
34
District
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44
54
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15
52
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Symbols
14
032
0221
00361
N
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63
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13
Neatlines and legend
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Cartania
Chartes
Maptown
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51
50
58
1
Enumeration Area Map
Province:
District:
Locality:
EA-Code:
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374
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4
9
14
84
85
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27
26
25
22
51
87
86
40
12
42
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41
374
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8
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1
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361
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31
41
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77
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24
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37
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28
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32
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80
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21
20
76
22
29
28
40
24
23
84
85
86
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34
48
82
79
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361
2
14
33
30
362
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32
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87
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27
43
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32
31
68
71
69
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44
19
30
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3
37
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20
23
43
29
22
33
12
67
75
14
358
51
81
23
28
74
73
36
26
79
20
3
4
76
80
35
24
18
38
21
20
19
13
2
362
70
19
21
12
42
44
45
10
63
64
65
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37
72
20
51
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8
13
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38
5
66
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42
1
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2
8
58
Ne
31
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1
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Building numbers
Annotation
and symbols
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Implementation of an EA database
 All large operational GISs are built on geodatabases;
 Arguably the most important part of the GIS
 Geodatabases form the basis for all queries, analysis,
and decision-making.
 A DBMS, or database management system, is where
databases are stored.
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Entity-Relationship Example:
EA entity can be linked to the entity crew leader area. The table for this entity
could have attributes such as the name of the crew leader, the regional office
responsible, contact information, and the crew leader code (CL code) as primary
code, which is also present in the EA entity.
R
EA
EA-code
Area
Pop.
1-1
Crew leader area
1-N
CL-code
Name
RO responsible
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Implementation of an EA database
Entity: Enumeration areas
 : Example of an entity table
– enumeration area
Type (attributes)
Instances
EA-Code
Area
Pop
723101
723102
723103
723201
723202
723203
723204
…
32.1
28.4
19.1
34.6
25.7
28.3
12.4
…
763
593
838
832
632
839
388
…
CL-Code
Primary
key
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
88
88
88
88
89
89
89
…
Components of a digital geographic census database
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Different Geographies
 A geography for data collection:

EA level or even dwelling level
 Another geography for data dissemination:

Aggregated level (confidentiality)
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Uses of Graphs: Enriching the Understanding of
GIS Data Sets





Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis
Linked Maps, Graphs & Tables
Dynamic Feature Selection
Animation
Visualization over Time
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
GIS capabilities:
Visualization
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Digital Data Dissemination Users
 The wide range of potential users of disaggregated census
data means that the NSO needs to pursue a multi-leveled
digital data dissemination strategy.
 Broadly, we can distinguish between the following types of
users:
 Advanced GIS users
 Computer literate users
 Novice users
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
The Second Administrative Level Boundaries data
set project (SALB)

The Second Administrative Level Boundaries data set project
(SALB) has been launched in 2001 in the context of the
activities of the UN Geographic Information Working Group
(UNGIWG) and has for objective to provide access to a working
platform for the collection, management, visualization and
sharing of sub national data and information in a seamless way
from the national to the global level.

unsalb.org
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Handbook on Geospatial Infrastructure in
Support of Census Activities (2009)
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demogra
phic/standmeth/handbooks/default
.htm
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
Conclusions
 Consider the Census Geography Programme as a
continous process
 Adapt best practices to suit specific census requirements
 Partner with other stakeholders (the public and private
sector) in order to



Build the NSDI
Work jointly on coding efforts
Produce value added products – higher demand for census
data
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010
THANK YOU!
United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis
Nairobi, Kenya, 14-17 September, 2010