THE 2010 POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS OF MONGOLIA

Presenter: Mr. Amarbal Avirmed, Head of Population and housing census bureau , NSO 4 December 2013

CONTENTS

• Quick facts about Mongolia • The 2010 Population and Housing Census of Mongolia • Data dissemination techniques •

Post enumeration survey - 2010

• Some main findings

QUICK FACTS ABOUT MONGOLIA

Indicators

Territory Population* Rate of natural increase Household GDP per capita** 1564.1k 2867.7k 19.7

768.3k

USD 3435.0

Indicators

Adult literacy rate Male Female Life expectancy Male Female HDI** 97.8

98.0

97.5

68.1

64.9

74.3

0.778

* Administrative record in 2012 ** Preliminary estimates Source: Statistical yearbook 2012

HISTORY OF CENSUSES IN MONGOLIA

Mongol Empire •

Numerous times of census and counting

• In 1245 • In 1247 Manchu Conquest of Mongolia •

Population counting 221 times

• Mid 1700s • In 1758; In 1908 20 th and 21 st centuries •

10 times of census

• In 1918; 1935; 1944; 1956; 1963; 1979; 1989; 2000; 2010

CENSUSES DURING THE 1700S

Tusheet Khan aimag Setsen Khan aimag Zasagt Khan aimag Sain Noyon aimag 1765-1908 77 times 1773-1908 144 times Records N/A Records N/A Major censuses in 1836 and 1858 Major censuses in 1836 and 1858

POPULATION OF MONGOLIA, (in thousands)

Reached two million in 1988.

Average annual population growth rate was 2.9 during these years, highest in the 20 th century.

Reached one million in 1962.

Average annual population growth rate was 0.3 during war years, lowest in the 20 th century.

In the 20 th century, population of Mongolia increased 3.7 times.

POPULATION OF MONGOLIA, 2010

Total Population

2 754 685

Resident Population in Mongolia

2 647 545

In Abroad

107 140

Mongolian Citizens

2 631 117

Foreign Citizens

16 320

Stateless Persons

108

POPULATION OF MONGOLIA AND AVERAGE ANNUAL GROWTH RATE, BY CENSUS YEARS Average annual growth rate Population

FEATURES OF THE 2010 PHC

• Implementation of Law on PHC o Secured funding and responsibilities of stakeholders; • Establishment of GIS and geo-database; • Household waypoint collected without use of GPS devices; • Census for Mongolians living abroad via Internet and main questionnaire from households in Mongolia;

DATA COLLECTION OF THE 2010 PHC

• Canvassing method – one week (Nov 11-17, 2010) • Successful field operation ensured : o Massive communication campaign; o Hired interpreters for enumerating foreigners  Translated census questionnaire (English, Russian, Chinese, French, Spanish, Korean); o Extended e-enumeration period for Mongolians living abroad; • Household waypoints collected without use of GPS devices.

DISSEMINATION CHANNELS

Internet Publication Workshops and seminars CD with all publications , DVD with documentary movie Web-GIS Census Database Web-based Population Atlas MONSTAT application

11

DATA DISSEMINATION

• Main results launched after 6 months; • National report (MNG and ENG) published after one year; • 14 series of census monographs (MNG and ENG) published in two years; • 22 provincial level reports published in two years. • Development of new techniques and technologies: o Web-based GIS database; o o Web-based population atlas; Monstat application of printed publications available on App Store;

Census monographs – 14 series Provincial reports – 22 series

Web-based ArcGIS Census Database

Shown on this map: The percentage of population aged 30-34 in Ulaanbaatar area with bachelor degree education.

Web-based ArcGIS Census Database

Shown on this map: Waypoints of households that live in gers and have drinking water source from river, springs and without any source of electricity of Binder soum, Khentii provice.

Web-based Population Atlas:

65 indicators are available at provincial and lower level.

Post enumeration survey - 2010

Administrative units of Mongolia, 2010 Aimag, capital city (province) /22/ Soum, district (district) /338/ Bagh, khoroo (county) /1700/

Aimag /21/ Soum /329/ Bagh /1568/ Capital city /1/ District /9/ Khoroo /132/ 18

Post enumeration survey of 2010

Census enumeration period 2010.11.11-17 PES enumeration period 2010.11.19-21 Sample frame

• One percent of total population .

19

Post enumeration survey of 2010

Objectives Organization

• Estimate coverage error • Estimate content errors • Provincial census committees carried-out the PES as according to guidelines and methodology provided by the NSO.

• Enumerators and supervisors were assigned for different enumeration areas for the PES. •The main objectives of the PES were to evaluate coverage and age distribution errors.

20

PES questionnaire - 2010

2010 PES questionnaire

-Front page - Administrative unit - Enumerator number - Questionnaire form number - Type of household - Household address - Number of persons residing abroad for over 6 months (main indicators) Population questionnaire - Last name, first name - Relationship to head of the household - Sex - Age - Residency status - Duration of residency - Administrative unit in which the person was enumerated during the census 21

Challenges and further activities

PES

• Planning • Sampling method • PES enumeration period • Technical support - national staff and sub national staff • PES questionnaire

Census Evaluation

Multiple Sources of Data

Challenges and further activities

For the 2015 Intercensal population survey and 2020 Census; Register based; Combination of the internet and post; and Use of PDAs and Tablet PCs.

• Conduct of the housing census when preparing the household listing; • Exploration of the possibility of using the satellite images; and • Quality control in the event of data collection through advanced technology.

Some main findings

POPULATION AGED 15-54 REPRESENT 65 PERCENT 70+ 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4

64.7%

200 000 Male 100 000 0 Female 100 000

64.3%

200 000 Fertility has increased between 2005-2010

POPULATION SEX RATIO, BY AGE GROUPS, 2000, 2010 105,0 100,0 95,0 90,0 85,0 80,0 75,0 70,0 2000 2010 65,0 60,0 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70+ Difference between male and female life expectancy at birth was 5.7 years in 2000, however, it has increased to 7.3 years in 2010.

SEX RATIO OF URBAN AND RURAL POPULATION, BY AGE GROUPS, 2000, 2010

Urban Rural

110,0 100,0 90,0 80,0 70,0 60,0 50,0 0

2010 2000

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 140,0 130,0 120,0 110,0 100,0 90,0 80,0 70,0 60,0 50,0 0 10 20

2000

30

2010

40 50 60 70 Sex ratio of urban population reached 94.4 in 2010, down by 1.2 pp since 2000, whereas, sex ratio of rural population reached 108, up by 5.4 pp.

PROVINCIAL POPULATION CHANGES DRAMATICALLY DUE TO MIGRATION

Provinces

Total Arkhangai Bayan-Ulgii Bayankhongor Bulgan Gobi-Altai Dornogobi Dornod Dundgobi Zavkhan Uvurkhangai Umnugobi Sukhbaatar Selenge Tuv Uvs Khovd Khuvsgul Khentii Darkhan-Uul Ulaanbaatar Orkhon Gobisumber

Annual growth rate 1989/1979 2000/1989 2010/2000

1979-1989 1989-2000 2000-2010 128.2

109.0

116.1

114.9

116.1

87.1

2.51

0.86

1.37

1.27

1.46

-1.17

127.5

118.4

100.2

113.7

96.7

89.7

2.46

1.70

0.02

1.17

-0.30

-0.93

122.9

112.4

137.2

138.5

126.9

110.7

117.1

128.9

117.8

119.0

101.4

88.6

93.6

104.5

101.7

115.4

110.4

110.5

86.9

84.2

115.9

92.3

75.4

72.8

90.9

130.9

91.4

2.08

1.17

3.22

3.31

2.41

1.03

1.59

2.57

1.65

1.59

0.13

-1.10

-0.66

0.40

0.15

1.31

0.90

0.91

-1.20

-1.44

1.44

-0.70

-2.24

-2.48

-0.82

2.80

-0.78

136.7

125.3

116.7

122.3

115.1

141.8

192.4

142.6

356.0

114.9

99.2

107.2

113.4

116.9

96.1

97.1

138.6

127.4

97.6

85.8

81.4

88.5

96.5

92.8

113.6

163.1

126.8

108.3

3.17

3.28

1.55

2.04

1.41

3.55

6.77

3.61

13.54

1.27

-0.07

0.64

1.15

1.43

-0.36

-0.26

3.01

2.23

-0.22

-1.29

-1.69

-1.04

-0.32

-0.66

1.24

5.74

2.44

0.75

POPULATION LITERACY HAS INCREASED 46.8 TIMES SINCE 1921 92,7 96,5 97,8 98,3 81,5 71,5 70,5 46.8 times more 27,3 7,4 2,1 1921 1935 1944 1956 1963 1969 1979 1989 2000 2010

POPULATION WITH HIGHER EDUCATION AGED 20 AND ABOVE, BY SEX, 1963-2010 30,0 25,0 20,0 15,0 10,0 5,0 0,0 3,4 1,0 1963 9,4 5,4 1969 1,7 1979 4,8 12,1 8,8 11,1 11,1 1989 2000 27,4 20,1 2010

USE OF INTERNET AND MOBILE PHONE AMONG POPULATION AGED 6 AND ABOVE Population aged 6 and above 2 315 698 Mobile phone users 1 714 645

(74 %)

Internet users 709 625

(30.6 %)

70+ 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 6-9 -200 000 Male -100 000 Population Mobile users Female 100 000 200 000 Internet users

HOUSEHOLDS WITHOUT ANY SOURCE OF ELECTRICITY, PERCENTAGE 65,9 2000 2010 32,7 3,3 5,4 1,1 7,7

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

National Statistical Office of Mongolia www.nso.mn

www.1212.mn

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