Transcript Military Satellite Communications (MILSATCOM) Systems 25 – 26 Aug 2005 National Defense Industry Association Michelle Cinlemis HQ AFSPC.

Military Satellite
Communications
(MILSATCOM)
Systems
25 – 26 Aug 2005
National Defense Industry
Association
Michelle Cinlemis
HQ AFSPC
Overview
•
•
•
•
•
Roadmap
Global Broadcast Service (GBS)
Wideband Gapfiller System (WGS)
Advanced Extremely High Frequency (AEHF) System
Transformational Communications Satellite (TSAT)
System
• Terminals
• How Can Industry Help
• Summary
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
August 2005
2
Military Satellite Communications
1960 - 2020
System Development
Production
Sustainment
EHF Protected, Secure
Global
Information Grid
TSAT
AEHF
Milstar II
Milstar I
Capacity
Capacity
Intersat link
Beam coverage
~ 4 Mbps
~ 10 Mbps
9 beams
~ 400 Mbps
~ 60 Mbps
37 beams
~ 40 Mbps
~ 10 Mbps
16 beams
X, Ka, Ku Wideband
RF Capacity
Lasercom
Capacity
Intersat link
Beam coverage
~ 3 Gbps
~ 6 Gbps
~ 20 Gbps
~ 90+ beams
WGS
DSCS III SLEP
Defense
Satellite
Communications
System
“DSCS I”
DSCS II
~2.2 Gbps
19 beams
~ 100 Mbps
3 beams
Capacity
Beam coverage
~ 1 Mbps
1 beam
EPS
DSCS III
~100 Mbps
5 beams
~250 Mbps
5 beams
~1.28 Mbps
3 beams
Global Broadcast Service
Architecture
Description
Provides worldwide, high-capacity,
one-way transmission of video,
imagery, and other large data files in
support of joint military forces.
 GBS packages aboard UFO
satellites 8, 9, & 10 (Ka band) plus
leased Ku band satellites to support
CONUS and European areas
GBS
Theater
Injection Point (TIP)
Capabilities
Ka and Ku-band Unprotected Comm
 96 Mbps per satellite capacity
 3 Satellite Broadcast Management/
Primary Injection Sites (Norfolk, VA;
Sigonella, IT; Wahiawa, HI)
 2 Theater Injection Points – Quick
delivery of theater-specific info.
 COCOM control – Smart Push &
User Pull
 300 + Receive Suites fielded to
COCOMs
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
Surface
Receive Suites
Primary Injection
Point (PIP)
Ground Receive Suites
Sub
Surface
Receive Suites
August 2005
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GBS Functional Block Diagram
Global Broadcast Service (GBS)
Space Segment
UFO
Satellite
Control
(NAVSOC)
UFO Satellites (3)
Commercial
Ku Payload
Single User
Data
Sources
DISN
Primary
Injection
Point (PIP)
Ka/Ku
Receive
Terminal
Theater
Injection
Point (TIP)
Locations
Vary within
Theaters
Transmit Suites
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
August 2005
Theater
Data
Sources
Receive
Broadcast
Manager(s)
(RBMs)
End
User
LANS
Receive Suite
5
GBS ORD 12 Jan 2005
• GBS ORD Key Performance Parameters
•
•
•
•
•
65N - 65S worldwide coverage, WGS compatibility
Unclassified – TS/SCI dissemination
Rx at variable data rates
Rx in Ka-band (20.2-21.2Ghz) & commercial Ku bands
Frequent spot beam moves
• Additional requirements
• Refine Transportable Ground Receive Suite (TGRS)
downsize requirements
• Migration to Internet Protocol v.6 standards
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
August 2005
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New Key System Attributes for Current
Increment
Para #
4.1.2.4.6
Req. 123
KSA
Ground-Mobile
Receive Suites
4.1.2.5
Req. 139
Transmit-Receive
Suite
4.1.2.4.8
Req. 124
Man Portable/
Rucksack Portable
Receive Suite
4.5.5
Req. 42
Automatic queue
& priority driven
spot beam pointing
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
Threshold
Receive Suites able
to operate while
on-the-move
Suite capable
of transmitting
user’s request
for information
Man pack
Receive Suite
suitable
for special ops
Fully automated
broadcast
execution, beam
pointing, &
dynamic BW
allocation
August 2005
Objective
Rationale/ Analytical
References
Threshold =
Objective
Satisfies Army
requirement for
communications
on-the-move
Threshold =
Objective
Provide a means for users
without other
connectivity to request
needed information
Reduced size
and longer
battery life
Threshold =
Objective
Provides Special Ops
forces a means to
receive info via
GBS
Provide full automation
to increase efficiency as
the number and location
of users continues to
grow
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Wideband Gapfiller System (WGS)
Architecture
Description
Will supplement existing DoD-owned
Wideband SATCOM systems by
providing military X and Ka-band
communications
5 planned satellites geo-sync orbit
3 satellites funded
2 satellites partially funded
Augments DSCS and UFO(GBS)
constellations
WGS
AISR Links:
Ka-band
GBS PIP
Ka-band
RF Links to
ground
Capabilities
X and Ka-band Unprotected Comm
 2.2 Gbps per satellite capacity
1 WGS has throughput of entire
DSCS constellation
 Crossbands between X and Ka
 Supports AISR requirements
137 Mbs throughput, sat’s 1/2/3
274 Mbs throughput, sat’s 4/5
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
Theater Users:
X-band
Theater Users:
Ka-band
August 2005
Enemy
Locations
8
WGS Key Performance Parameters
• Key Performance Parameters
•
•
•
•
•
65N - 65S 24 Hour Coverage
1.2 Gbps Minimum Throughput
Control Capabilities
X & Ka-band Capable
GBS Compatibility
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
August 2005
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Advanced EHF (AEHF)
Description
Architecture
Provide
secure, survivable anti-jam,
anti-scintillation communications for
strategic and tactical users
 24-hour low, medium, and high data
rate satellite
 Assured mission-critical strategic
networks
Successor to Milstar with greater
capacity – backward compatible with
Milstar terminals
AEHF
Worldwide Protected Connectivity
Nuclear
Protection
AEHF
Anti-Jam
Protection
Supporting Critical C2
Capabilities

Survivable comm up to 19.2 Kbps
 Protected comm up to 8 Mbps
 Coverage: Global +/- 65o latitude
 Capacity: 430 Mbps per satellite
 3 Satellites, plus TSAT
 International Partners (UK, Canada,
The Netherlands)
 IOC 2010 – FOC 2013
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
Fixed Users
Geographically
Concentrated Users
Battle Groups
Mobile Users
Special
Operation
s
August 2005
Dispersed Users
10
What Changes Between Now & 2010:
Why the 10 fold increase?
Army Today
Army 2010
Maneuver Limited by LOS
Battlefield Digitization -5000 Cptrs
300 Digital Systems/Division
EHF links BLOS Enclaves
EHF Need: 30 Mbps/Corps
New Digitally Integrated Wpns
EHF Need - 220 Mbps/Corps
Navy Today
Navy 2010
“Maneuver” Limited by LOS
EHF Links BLOS
200 Digital Systems/BG & ARG
2500 Digital Systems/ BG & ARG
Comm. Vulnerable in Littorals
Need Some Protected Comm
EHF Need: 11.6 Mbps/SG-ESG
EHF Need - 18 Mbps/SG-ESG
Air Force Today
Air Force 2010
EHF focused on Strategic
No AJ Comm. over Deep Targets
Increases JFACC’s ability to
control Air Assets RT
Enroute targeting limited by LOS
Supports Time Critical Targets
EHF Need: 0.552 Mbps
EHF Need: 40.25 Mbps/ MTW
Milstar Throughput : 40 Mbps
AEHF Throughput: 430 Mbps
Meeting Access
3 March 2005 – TSAT QPMR
TL
SB
TN
SL
PS
TR
General Access (GN)
Source Selection Sensitive
Other Company Proprietary
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
FOR OFFICIAL
USE ONLY
August 2005
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Transformational Communications Satellite
(TSAT) System
Army Future Force
Army Future Force
AF Air Expeditionary Force
Navy SeaPower 21
AF Air Expeditionary Force
Navy SeaPower 21
Future Force “space
to Mud”
TC Satellites
Commercial
MMA
B/C Inject
Cruise
Missile
Gateway /
TELEPORT
NCTAMS /
TELEPORT
UAV / UCAV
JTF
MAGTF
SEA
W
OLF
2
1
Sub Ops
Expeditionary
Strike Group
Forward Deployed
Naval Force
Strike Surface
Action Group
Carrier
Strike Group
Future Force “Factory
to Foxhole”
TSAT Supports Service Vision
• Real Time Connectivity of ALL GIG Assets (Sensor to Shooter)
• Worldwide Persistent Connectivity of High/Low Resolution ISR
Assets
• Communications On The Move to Small Highly Mobile Units
• Survivable communications for Strategic Forces and Homeland
Defense
TSAT is critical for current & future DoD ISR:
force
structures
Intelligence
Surveillance and Reconnaissance
GIG: Global Information Grid
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
August 2005
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TSAT: Space Component of the GIG
infrastructure
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
August 2005
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Transformational Communications Architecture
MUOS
AEHF
Commercial
TSAT
WGS
User Terminal Segment
AISR
ISR
Ground stations/
Teleports
TSAT Mission
Operations System (TMOS)
Terrestrial Segment
User Terminals
Gateways/
Ground
stations
Deployed
Networks
Deployed
Networks
Backbone &
User Networks
Power to the Edge
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
August 2005
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TSAT User Support
- - space-based transport layer of the GIG
Space Segment
AEHF
LC Users:
RF Users
(8,000 Simultaneous links)
Strategic
SISR
Five Satellite
Constellation
Tactical Users
AISR
COTM
T1 to a 1’ Antenna
AISR (U-2/GH,
Predator, MC2A)
Ground Segment
Satellite
Operations
Gateways
Network
Management
SISR
Legend
Terrestrial Infrastructure: DOD, NASA, and IC
RF Links
Optical Links
Flexible Secure Network
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
August 2005
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TSAT Brings Increased Capability
1994
MS I
2001
Milstar II
2007
AEHF
2012
TSAT
EHF LDR
EHF MDR
EHF XDR
EHF XDR+
1.02 hr
5.7 sec
1.07 sec
<1 sec
22.2 hr
2 min
24 sec
<1 sec
(120 Mbytes)
SR* (1 Gbytes)
110 hr
880 hr
12 min
88 min
2 min
17 min
<1 sec
Comm On
The Move*/***
No
Service
No
Service
No
Service**
1,500 Links
1’ antenna
1.5 Mbps
SATCOM
Air Tasking
Order
1.1 Mbytes
Visible Image*
8x10 image
24 Mbytes
Radar Image
Global Hawk*
* Terminal Developments Required
** AEHF will close ~140 links/sat @ 32Kbps to a 1’ antenna
***The TSAT CDD defines COTM as providing 0.256 – 1.5Mbps to a 1’ antenna
Internet-like
Connectivity
Facilitates Shorter Kill Chain
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
August 2005
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TSAT Mission Operations Focus on User Needs
Level 1 - Oversight
TC Service
Providers
Forum
Quarterly
Level 2 - Management
UCCs, Users &
Other
Stakeholders
TSAT Operations
Management Centers
Daily,
Hourly,
& by
Minute
Robust,
Survivable,
Self-healing,
Standards-based,
Level 3 - Execution
Daily, &
up to
Real
Time
TSAT Satellite
Operations Centers
Networked!
NOC
Satellite Platforms (Bus)
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
Dynamic,
SATOPS
COP/SA
& PBNM
TSAT System &
Network
Management
Centers
Teleports &
Payload
Earth
Components Gateways
Terminals
System & Network Elements
August 2005
Global
NETOPS
Center & Other
Mobile
TSOE/TMOS
Capability
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TSAT Supports SATCOM Terminal Evolution
Wideband and Protected Terminals by Antenna Size
8000
7000
10' or greater
5' to 10'
# Terminals Fielded
6000
Goal: Close a T1 link to a 1 - 1
1/2 foot antenna by 2012
2' to 5'
Less than 2'
5000
4000
3000
2000
Based on Spring 2004 NS4R
(PB05 terminal fielding data)
1000
0
FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17
Enables mobile, smaller terminals
-- comms on the move -HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
August 2005
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TSAT Status
• 20 Jan 2004 – Defense Space Acquisition Board for
Key Decision Point B
• 21 Jan 2004 – TSAT Capabilities Development
Document (CDD)
• Mar 2004 – Began Cost As an Independent Variable
activities (ongoing)
• Sep 2004 – TSAT Independent Program Assessment
• Oct 2004 – Began TSAT CDD Update (ongoing)
• 22 Oct 2004 – TSAT Interim Program Review
• April 2005 – TSAT CONOPS
• May 2005 – TMOS RFP release
• June 2005 – Interim Space Segment Design Review
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
August 2005
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Terminals
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
August 2005
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Family of Advanced Beyond “Line-of-Sight”
Terminal
Program Facts
 Provides connectivity to protected and wideband satellite







systems
Will develop a “Family of Terminals” – various
configurations, each adapted to specific roles & missions
High capacity for data, imagery, & video
Provides only survivable (through all levels of conflict)
two-way BLOS communications
Allows receipt of EAMs and FDMs & transmission of
report-back messages
Upgrades all current Milstar CPTs to AEHF capability
Interoperable with all EHF terminals and satellites
Replaces current UHF Systems on B-2, B-52 & RC-135
Program Mission Description
Program Status

 Phase: System Development & Demonstration





x
x
Develops an architecture to support the family of satellite
communications terminals for airborne, ground-fixed &
ground transportable applications.
First increment will provide EHF capability.
Terminals will be developed for multiple aircraft beginning
with bomber fleet (B-2 & B-52) and the RC-135 aircraft
AEHF capabilities will be added to existing Milstar CPTs
HDR-RF Air provides additional SATCOM capabilities for
operation Wideband Gapfiller Satellites (WGS) and
Transformational satellites (TSATs)
AMCAS provides users the capability to simultaneously
operate with multiple satellites
Agile Combat Spt x Global Strike
x Space & C4ISR
vMFP
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
 Contractor: Boeing Anaheim CA (Awarded Sep 2002)
 Next Milestones: PDR – Oct 05, CDR Dec 05
 IOC: FY10 (Increment 1), FY11 (Increment 2a)
 FOC: FY12 (Increment 1), FY17 (Increment 2a)
x
x
Global Mobility
Nuclear Response
August 2005
x
x
Global Persistent Attack
Homeland Security
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MILSATCOM Overview
System of Systems Schedule
FY
Wideband
– 5 primary DSCS
– 3 GBS packages on
UFO + commercial
– 5 WGS (also include
GBS capability)
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
17
WGS (Wideband Gapfiller System)
FY09
Feb 07
Mar 06
FY10
Sep 06
IOC = FY07 / FOC = FY12
TSAT
(Transformational Satellite
Communications System)
Mar 13
Mar 15
Mar 16 Mar 17
Mar 14
IOC = FY16 / FOC = FY19
Milstar
AEHF
Interim Polar (Hosted
(Advanced EHF)
Apr 10
Apr 09
Apr 08
IOC = FY10 / FOC = FY13
LDR)
FY05
Enhanced Polar (Hosted XDR)
FY07
UFO (UHF Follow On)
FY13
– 11 Navy UFO
– 5 Navy MUOS
Jun 05
16
GBS (Global Broadcast Service)
– 5 Milstar
– 3 Advanced EHF
Narrowband
15
DSCS (Defense Satellite Communications System)
– 5 TSAT for protected
and wideband
– Also lasercom and onboard Internet-like
networking
– 3 Interim polar
– 2 Enhanced polar
14
Time now
Transformational
Protected
13
FY15
MUOS (Mobile User Objective System)
Sep 09
Launch
Available
Sep 10
Sep 11
Sep 12
On-orbit spare
Bar thickness ~ indicates relative capacity
(within, but not between, the 4 categories)
How Can Industry Help?
 Sub-Contractor Management
 Shared Destiny
 Interoperability with allies/coalition partners
 Information Assurance
 Self Policing
 Parts Reliability
 Requirements Definition
 Engineering Models
 Sustainment Costs
 Integrated Space Capabilities
Sub-Contractor Management
 More work being done by sub-contractors, with prime
contractor oversight
 Many times includes a significant part of integration,
testing and certification
 Trend appears to be cost-driven and depends on the
existence of the space “brain trust” at the subs
 How does industry assess the existence and extent of
necessary expertise resident in their subs?
 How does industry determine how much oversight each
sub needs?
 How is this oversight coordinated among subs of
differing levels of expertise to ensure consistent quality
of product and process?
Shared Destiny & Interoperability
 What does industry think of “shared destiny” award fees?
 The government has begun to use various “shared destiny”
award fee concepts where a portion of a company’s award fee
is dependent on the overall performance of a group of
contractors
 Interoperability with allies/coalition partners
 Interoperability with allies and coalition partners a major goal of
the DoD
 DoD is exploring the use of shared technology and cooperative
developments to achieve its goals
 What concerns does industry have about sharing technology
with international partners?
 What suggestions does industry have on ways to achieve this
without losing competitive advantage?
Information Assurance (IA)
 Does industry have suggestions on how emerging IA
issues can or should be incorporated into existing
developments?
 IA policy sometimes lags the need for implementation
of certain measures, which means the corrections have
not been foreseen or budgeted. How is this problem
overcome in industry?
Other Thoughts for Industry
 Self Policing
 Industry needs to be good at self policing (quality,
manufacturing, engineering, finance, etc) –
 Industry functionals must ensure programs are adhering
to company practices and set up early indicators of
process escapes
 Parts Miniaturization
 As parts continue to be miniaturized, industry needs to
identify ways to improve the government’s confidence in
parts reliability
 With software, need to take requirements definition
down to a lower level than with hardware
Other Thoughts for Industry (Con’t)
 Make greater use of high-fidelity engineering models to
prove out functionality, intergration and layout
 Sustainment costs are unbearable -- industry needs to
come up with smart ideas to reduce the cost of
sustainment
 Industry needs to help the government develop
opportunities to fuse both existing and future systems
into integrated space capabilities.
Summary
• Worldwide LDR (0.002 Mbps/link) available through 2017
• Worldwide MDR (1.5 Mbps/link) available through 2017
• Worldwide X band available through 2016
• XDR (8 Mbps/link) available 2009 with AEHF SV2
• GBS available through 2020
• Terminals migrating to Joint Family of Terminals
• TSAT delivers unprecedented net-centricity to the warfighter
Warfighter Needs Integrated/Transformational SATCOM
Capabilities
HQ AFSPC/DRNM: MILSATCOM
Overview for NDIA Aug 2005
August 2005
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