Transcript Step Up To: Psychology by John J. Schulte, Psy.D. Psychology, Eighth Edition By David G.

Step Up To: Psychology
by John J. Schulte, Psy.D.
Psychology, Eighth Edition
By David G. Myers
Worth Publishers
(2007)
Chapter 16: Psychological Disorders
You’re going to pieces.
Anxious?
Ups and Downs
What’s Abnormal?
Confused?
What’s Abnormal?
500
400
300
200
100
Anxious?
500
400
300
200
100
You’re going all to pieces.
500
400
300
200
100
Ups and Downs
500
400
300
200
100
Confused?
500
400
300
200
100
1. A person may have a strong fear of
spiders, but it is not considered a
disorder unless it is:
• A) not based in reality.
• B) the result of a traumatic
experience.
• C) a harmless spider.
• D) dysfunctional.
2. The DSM-IV has two main
goals:
• A) to describe disorders and list their
prevalence.
• B) to describe disorders and explain their
causes.
• C) to provide an understanding of the
underlying causes and treatment of disorders.
• D) to list disorders and reference their
treatments.
3. If a person is diagnosed with Mental
Retardation, this would be listed on the
DSM-IV:
•
•
•
•
A) on Axis I.
B) on Axis II.
C) on Axis III.
D) on Axis IV.
4. The recent influence of Martin
Seligman has resulted in a manual
which differed from the DSM-IV, in
that:
•
•
•
•
A) it is more scientific.
B) it has more recent norms.
C) its focus is on strengths.
D) it includes treatment plans.
5. James has the medical condition of
hypertension. This would be found
on the DSM-IV on:
•
•
•
•
A) Axis I.
B) Axis III.
C) Axis IV.
D) Nowhere, this is not a mental
disorder.
6. Helen suddenly has shortness of breath,
trembling, dizziness, chest pains and
choking. She goes to the emergency room
and is told she is not having a heart attack,
she is experiencing:
•
•
•
•
A) generalized anxiety.
B) a phobia.
C) agoraphobia.
D) a panic attack.
7. Social phobia is ____ taken to an
extreme.
•
•
•
•
A) nervous behavior
B) shyness
C) introversion
D) avoidance
8. Hand washing several times until
the skin bleeds may be an example
of a(n):
•
•
•
•
A) compulsion.
B) obsession.
C) phobia.
D) panic attack.
9. It is suggested that it is the _______
that abused children experience that
makes them more vulnerable to the
effects of trauma when adults.
•
•
•
•
A) abusive trauma
B) mental anguish
C) learned helplessness
D) repressed anxiety
10. Fear-learning experiences can
traumatize the brain, by creating
fear circuits within:
•
•
•
•
A) the left parietal lobe.
B) the prefrontal cortex.
C) the occipital lobes.
D) the amygdala.
11. If Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was a real
case, he would most likely be currently
diagnosed with:
•
•
•
•
A) multiple personality disorder.
B) paranoid schizophrenia.
C) dissociative identity disorder.
D) borderline personality disorder.
12. Showing little or no remorse, the
person with ____ personality disorder will
frequently lie, cheat or steal without
thinking of the consequences to
him/herself or to others.
•
•
•
•
A) antisocial
B) sociopathic
C) criminal
D) delinquent
13. Those with antisocial personality
disorder show decreased functioning
in the ___ of the brain.
•
•
•
•
A) corpus callosum
B) frontal lobes
C) amygdala
D) thalamus
14. The person diagnosed with ____
experiences a heightened sensitivity to
rejection, resulting in withdrawing from
others.
•
•
•
•
A) antisocial personality disorder
B) multiple personality disorder
C) narcissistic personality disorder
D) avoidant personality disorder
15. Julie says, “I was not myself for a moment.
It felt like I was floating above my body. I never
experienced anything like it.” You should tell
Julie _____.
•
•
•
•
A) to lay off the booze for a while
B) she is a nut-case and should be locked up
C) she is suffering from a dissociative disorder
D) this is a common occurrence of
dissociation and nothing to worry about
16. Mood disorders are characterized
by the emotional extremes of:
•
•
•
•
A) depression and anxiety.
B) hopelessness and despair.
C) mania and depression.
D) bipolar and unipolar.
17. In any given year, a depressive
episode plagues ___ of men and ___ of
women across the world.
•
•
•
•
A) 5.8 %; 9.5%
B) 6.4%; 11.5%
C) 10.3%; 20.2%
D) 15.6%; 25.3%
18. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania?
If it is the opposite of depression, that
sounds great.” You tell Jim a major
problem is:
• A) they just want more and more
excitement.
• B) grandiosity removes all limits on thoughts
and behavior.
• C) they ignore pain and just feel great.
• D) they are too happy to deal with the
real world.
19. Those who have been through one
episode of Major Depression:
• A) are unlikely to have another
occurrence in at least 5 years.
• B) have a 50% chance of having
another episode.
• C) never get better without treatment.
• D) usually commit suicide within the
next year.
20. Drugs such as Prozac often help
with a depressed mood because it:
• A) adds more serotonin.
• B) increases serotonin and
norepinephrine.
• C) blocks the reuptake of serotonin.
• D) decreases norepinephrine and
increases serotonin.
21. A false belief that is strongly held in
spite of contradictory evidence is:
•
•
•
•
A) a leap of faith.
B) a hallucination.
C) disorganized thinking.
D) a delusion.
22. The most common type of false
perceptions in schizophrenia are:
•
•
•
•
A) delusions of grandeur.
B) visual hallucinations.
C) auditory hallucinations.
D) disorganized thinking.
23. Lack of emotional expression shown
in schizophrenia is called:
•
•
•
•
A) alogia.
B) avolition.
C) flat affect.
D) delusions.
24: Which of the following would be an
example of a negative symptom?
•
•
•
•
A) hallucinations
B) expressionless tone of voice
C) inappropriate laughter
D) delusional thinking
25. Robert has an identical twin who was
just diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Robert has about a ____ % chance of
developing schizophrenia.
•
•
•
•
A) 100
B) 50
C) 75
D) 15
Stop here, or continue as a review
1. A person may have a strong fear of
spiders, but it is not considered a
disorder unless it is:
• A) not based in reality.
• B) the result of a traumatic
experience.
• C) a harmless spider.
• D) dysfunctional.
642
2. The DSM-IV has two main
goals:
• A) to describe disorders and list their
prevalence.
• B) to describe disorders and explain their
causes.
• C) to provide an understanding of the
underlying causes and treatment of disorders.
• D) to list disorders and reference their
treatments.
644
3. If a person is diagnosed with Mental
Retardation, this would be listed on the
DSM-IV:
•
•
•
•
A) on Axis I.
B) on Axis II.
C) on Axis III.
D) on Axis IV.
645
4. The recent influence of Martin
Seligman has resulted in a manual
which differed from the DSM-IV, in
that:
•
•
•
•
A) it is more scientific.
B) it has more recent norms.
C) its focus is on strengths.
D) it includes treatment plans.
646
5. James has the medical condition
of hypertension. This would be
found on the DSM-IV on:
•
•
•
•
A) Axis I.
B) Axis III.
C) Axis IV.
D) Nowhere, this is not a mental
disorder.
645
6. Helen suddenly has shortness of breath,
trembling, dizziness, chest pains and
choking. She goes to the emergency room
and is told she is not having a heart attack,
she is experiencing:
•
•
•
•
A) generalized anxiety.
B) a phobia.
C) agoraphobia.
D) a panic attack.
650
7. Social phobia is ____ taken to an
extreme.
•
•
•
•
A) nervous behavior
B) shyness
C) introversion
D) avoidance
651
8. Hand washing several times until
the skin bleeds may be an example
of a(n):
•
•
•
•
A) compulsion.
B) obsession.
C) phobia.
D) panic attack.
651
9. It is suggested that it is the _______
that abused children experience that
makes them more vulnerable to the
effects of trauma when adults.
•
•
•
•
A) abusive trauma
B) mental anguish
C) learned helplessness
D) repressed anxiety
652
10. Fear-learning experiences can
traumatize the brain, by creating
fear circuits within:
•
•
•
•
A) the left parietal lobe.
B) the prefrontal cortex.
C) the occipital lobes.
D) the amygdala.
655
11. If Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was a real
case, he would most likely be currently
diagnosed with:
•
•
•
•
A) multiple personality disorder.
B) paranoid schizophrenia.
C) dissociative identity disorder.
D) borderline personality disorder.
656
12. Showing little or no remorse, the
person with ____ personality disorder will
frequently lie, cheat or steal without
thinking of the consequences to
him/herself or to others.
•
•
•
•
A) antisocial
B) sociopathic
C) criminal
D) delinquent
677
13. Those with antisocial personality
disorder show decreased functioning
in the ___ of the brain.
•
•
•
•
A) corpus callosum
B) frontal lobes
C) amygdala
D) thalamus
678
14. The person diagnosed with ____
experiences a heightened sensitivity to
rejection, resulting in withdrawing from
others.
•
•
•
•
A) antisocial personality disorder
B) multiple personality disorder
C) narcissistic personality disorder
D) avoidant personality disorder
677
15. Julie says, “I was not myself for a moment.
It felt like I was floating above my body. I never
experienced anything like it.” You should tell
Julie _____.
•
•
•
•
A) to lay off the booze for a while
B) she is a nut-case and should be locked up
C) she is suffering from a dissociative disorder
D) this is a common occurrence of
dissociation and nothing to worry about
656
16. Mood disorders are characterized
by the emotional extremes of:
•
•
•
•
A) depression and anxiety.
B) hopelessness and despair.
C) mania and depression.
D) bipolar and unipolar.
658
17. In any given year, a depressive
episode plagues ___ of men and ___ of
women across the world.
•
•
•
•
A) 5.8 %; 9.5%
B) 6.4%; 11.5%
C) 10.3%; 20.2%
D) 15.6%; 25.3%
661
18. Jim asks, “What’s wrong with mania?
If it is the opposite of depression, that
sounds great.” You tell Jim a major
problem is:
• A) they just want more and more
excitement.
• B) grandiosity removes all limits on thoughts
and behavior.
• C) they ignore pain and just feel great.
• D) they are too happy to deal with the
real world.
660
19. Those who have been through one
episode of Major Depression:
• A) are unlikely to have another
occurrence in at least 5 years.
• B) have a 50% chance of having
another episode.
• C) never get better without treatment.
• D) usually commit suicide within the
next year.
661
20. Drugs such as Prozac often help
with a depressed mood because it:
• A) adds more serotonin.
• B) increases serotonin and
norepinephrine.
• C) blocks the reuptake of serotonin.
• D) decreases norepinephrine and
increases serotonin.
664
21. A false belief that is strongly held in
spite of contradictory evidence is:
•
•
•
•
A) a leap of faith.
B) a hallucination.
C) disorganized thinking.
D) a delusion.
669
22. The most common type of false
perceptions in schizophrenia are:
•
•
•
•
A) delusions of grandeur.
B) visual hallucinations.
C) auditory hallucinations.
D) disorganized thinking.
670
23. Lack of emotional expression shown
in schizophrenia is called:
•
•
•
•
A) alogia.
B) avolition.
C) flat affect.
D) delusions.
670
24: Which of the following would be an
example of a negative symptom?
•
•
•
•
A) hallucinations
B) expressionless tone of voice
C) inappropriate laughter
D) delusional thinking
671
25. Robert has an identical twin who was
just diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Robert has about a ____ % chance of
developing schizophrenia.
•
•
•
•
A) 100
B) 50
C) 75
D) 15
674
Acknowledgements
• Step Up Created by:
– John J. Schulte, Psy.D.
• Based on Psychology,
Eighth Edition
• By David G. Myers
• Published by
• Worth Publishers
(2007)
Answers
1.
D
9.
C
17.
A
2.
A
10.
D
18.
B
3.
B
11.
C
19.
B
4.
C
12.
A
20.
C
5.
B
13.
B
21.
D
6.
D
14.
D
22.
C
7.
B
15.
D
23.
C
8.
A
16.
C
24.
B
25.
B