Aim: How are intergovernmental relations today? Chap 3, Day 3

DO NOW: PAIR/SHARE What is the cartoonist’s message? Do you agree with the short man or tall man?

From Dual to Cooperative Federalism • Dual Federalism – a system of govt. in which both the states and the natl. govt. remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policies.

• Cooperative Federalism – a system of govt. in which powers and policy assignments are shared between states and the natl. govt. • Standard operating procedures of coop. fed.- shared costs, federal guidelines, & shared administration.

Cooperative Federalism • Coop. Fed. Began during the Great Depression in the 1930s and continues today. WHY?

• This photo shows the Big Dig in Boston, one of the most complex construction projects in history.

• Fed Govt provided about half of the funds for the project.

Intergovt. Relations

• • • Devolution- transferring responsibility for policies from the fed govt to state and local govts. • State and local govts. Are mostly responsible for handling crime, welfare, and education.

How

did Fed Govt. mandate drinking age of twenty-one years (case study in federalism). How did they obtain compliance with this law?

What

are the implications of these methods for federalism?

Fiscal Federalism

• Fiscal Federalism – pattern of spending, taxing and providing grants in the federal system.

• Federal grants to state and local govts. Have grown rapidly and now amount to more than $600 billion per year • Grants increased in 2010 and 2011 due to the stimulus package

• Fiscal Federalism continued • The Grant System: Distributing the Federal Pie • Categorical Grants: Federal grants that can be used for specific purposes. They have strings attached.

• Project Grants: based on merit • Formula Grants: amount varies based on formulas • Block Grants: Federal grants given more or less automatically to support broad programs.

• Grants are given to states & local governments

Fiscal Federalism

• The Scramble for Federal Dollars • $400 billion in grants every year • Universalism - a little something for everybody • Patriot Act, Equipment to Police Forces • The Mandate Blues • Mandates direct states or local governments to comply with federal rules under threat of penalties or as a condition of receipt of a federal grant.

• Unfunded mandates are requirements on state & local governments - but no money • Examples?

• NCLB