Transcript EGM on the Revision of ICATUS Session 3: ICATUS and the classification of productive activities outside the SNA production boundary (Unpaid work.

EGM on the Revision of ICATUS
Session 3: ICATUS and the classification of productive activities outside
the SNA production boundary (Unpaid work activities)
Comments of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE)
Lara Gama Cavalcanti
New York, NY
June 11-13, 2012
1
Unpaid work activities – Housework
ICATUS 2012 is keeping the same structure of ICATUS 2005 for this division:
2 Unpaid domestic services for own final use within household
21 Food management
22 Cleaning and upkeep of dwelling and surroundings
23 Do-it-yourself decoration, maintenance and small repair
24 Care of textiles and footwear
25 Household management
26 Pet care
27 Shopping
28 Travel related to unpaid domestic services for own final use within
household
2x Other activities related to unpaid domestic services for own final use
within household (n.e.c)
Unpaid work activities – Housework
Main difficulty found in the pilot Brazilian Time Use Survey 2009:
Distinction between housework and household production as SNA work,
especially inside the 3 divisions below:
2 Unpaid domestic services for own final use within household
21 Food management
22 Cleaning and upkeep of dwelling and surroundings
23 Do-it-yourself decoration, maintenance and small repair
24 Care of textiles and footwear
25 Household management
26 Pet care
27 Shopping
28 Travel related to unpaid domestic services for own final use within household
2x Other activities related to unpaid domestic services for own final use
within household (n.e.c)
Unpaid work activities – Housework
Example 1:
2 Unpaid domestic services for own final use within household (Housework)
21 Food management
211 Preparing meals/snack
X
1 Paid work (SNA work)
13 Work for household in non-primary production activities
131 Processing of food products
132 Making of other food products and beverages
(when for own final use)
Unpaid work activities – Housework
What’s the frontier between these two groups?
What are the criteria for differentiation, to make it clear for the
interviewers?
Criterion currently adopted by the Brazilian Continuous National Household
Survey: durability of the food products.
Is that enough?
Should we consider:
• the amount of work and effort put in the production?
• the type of output – are they, in general, ingredients for preparing other
foods? Or is it not always the case?
Guideline proposed by ICATUS 2012 for Division 13: use of the ISIC
(International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic
Activities) Revision 3.1
Unpaid work activities – Housework
ISIC 3.1
Section: D - Manufacturing
Division: 15 - Manufacture of food
products and beverages
Groups:
ICATUS 2012
1. Paid Work
13 Work for household in non-primary
production activities
151 - Production, processing and
preservation of meat, fish, fruit,
vegetables, oils and fats
152 - Manufacture of dairy products
153 - Manufacture of grain mill products,
starches and starch products,
and prepared animal feeds
131 Processing of food products
Examples: dried meat, cheese, butter,
flour, jam and jelly.
154 - Manufacture of other food
products
155 - Manufacture of beverages
132 Making of other food products and
beverages
Examples: beer, wine, bread, cakes,
biscuits, pasta, candy, chocolate, grinding
coffee, tortillas, pancakes
Unpaid work activities – Housework
ISIC Revision 4 (2008):
Section: C- Manufacturing
Division: 10 - Manufacture of food products
Groups:
101 - Processing and preserving of meat
102 - Processing and preserving of fish, crustaceans and molluscs
103 - Processing and preserving of fruit and vegetables
104 - Manufacture of vegetable and animal oils and fats
105 - Manufacture of dairy products
106 - Manufacture of grain mill products, starches and starch products
107 - Manufacture of other food products
108 - Manufacture of prepared animal feeds
Unpaid work activities – Housework
What do we really get from the diaries?
•
•
•
•
Cooking
Preparing food
Preparing meal
Preparing lunch, dinner or snack
It would be necessary to identify the type of food produced, to be able to
place the activity into the right category.
Unpaid work activities – Housework
Example 2:
2 Unpaid domestic services for own final use within household (Housework)
22 Cleaning and upkeep of dwelling and surroundings
225 Heating and water supply
X
1 Paid work (SNA work)
12 Work for household in primary production activities
127 Collecting water
(Includes: activities related to collecting, storing and distributing water)
(when for own final use)
Unpaid work activities – Housework
What’s the frontier between these two groups?
Criterion currently adopted by the Brazilian Continuous National
Household Survey: if you’re extracting water from the nature, it’s SNA work.
If you’re bringing water from a well, or other source inside your property,
it’s housework.
But what if…
You collect water from a river or fountain inside your property?
You have to walk long distances to get water from a tanker car?
Unpaid work activities – Housework
What do we really get from the diaries?
• Collecting water
• Carrying water
• Bringing water to the house
• Getting water
It would be necessary to know where this water is being collected,
to be able to place the activity into the right category.
Unpaid work activities – Housework
Example 3:
2 Unpaid domestic services for own final use within household
23 Do-it-yourself decoration, maintenance and small repair
(Includes: painting, plastering, minor repairs to ceiling, floor, walls, roof;
paving of driveway, carpentry work, plumbing, wiring)
X
1 Paid work
14 Work for household in construction activities
141 Construction and repair for own capital formation
(Includes: building of own house, additions to, remodeling and major repairs
done to the house, garage or roof, etc.)
(when for own capital formation)
Unpaid work activities – Housework
What is the frontier between the two groups?
Criterion currently adopted by the Brazilian Continuous National
Household Survey : when you build something that didn’t exist before
in the house, and you’re adding value to it, it’s SNA work.
But what if…
You have just finished building your house and you’re painting it?
How to distinguish between minor and major repairs?
Unpaid work activities – Housework
Example 4:
2 Unpaid domestic services for own final use within household
24 Care of textiles and footwear
245 Mending/repairing and care of clothes
X
1 Paid work
13 Work for household in non-primary production activities
Making textiles, waring apparel, leather and associate products
(when for own final use)
Unpaid work activities – Housework
What do we really get from the diaries?
•
•
•
Sewing
Embroidering
Knitting
We would have to know what exactly people are doing with the clothes,
to be able to place the activity into the right category.
This would mean that the interviewers would have to understand coding
in detail, to be able to ask the right questions. Or can we solve these
differentiations with context variables only?
Unpaid work activities – Caregiving
ICATUS 2005
ICATUS 2012
07 Providing unpaid caregiving
services to household members
3 Unpaid caregiving services to
household members
0711 Childcare
31 Childcare
0712 Adult care
32 Care to dependent adults
33 Care to non-dependent adults
072 Travel related...
079 Providing unpaid caregiving
services n.e.c.
38 Travel related...
3x Other activitires related ... n.e.c.
Unpaid work activities – Caregiving
In Brazil, we have two sources of information for caregiving activities:
1 – Continuous National Household Survey
• Stylized questions – Did you care for children/adults of the household in
the (reference) week? How many hours did you spend on this activity?
• Caregiving is an estimation of total time spent in a week
• Probably overestimated or roughly estimated (general answer: “I spend
24 hours on this activity”)
2 – Time Use Survey
• 24-hour diary
• Care as a secondary activity probably underreported
• Caregiving is then probably underestimated
Unpaid work activities – Caregiving
Key group for solving underestimation:
31 Childcare
314 Minding children (passive care)
(Includes: caring for children without the active involvement implied in 311;
monitoring children playing outside or sleeping, preserving a safe
environment; being an adult presence for children to turn to in need;
supervising games)
Hard to define what is “monitoring children” and “being an adult presence
for children to turn to in need”.
Do we include…
All the time when you’re at home with the child but not really looking at
them?
Time when you’re not the only adult present with the child?
Time spent checking a baby monitor several times during night sleep?
Unpaid work activities – Caregiving
Recommendations of Canada’s General Social Survey Unpaid Work Module:
INTERVIEWER:
Include:
- time when the respondent was doing another activity while looking
after the children;
- time when looking after the children was shared with someone
else;
- time when the child was having a nap.
Exclude:
- time the child spent sleeping during the night;
- time the child spent at school, at a friend's or in organized
activities.
Unpaid work activities – Caregiving
Adult care:
32 Care to dependent adults
X
33 Care to non-dependent adults
Dependent adults: people who suffer any physical or mental illness or any
disability or impairment
What is the definition of non-dependent adults? What kind of activities do
we expect to capture under this group?
In the Brazilian surveys, we capture care only for dependent or temporarily
sick adults.
In terms of public policy, is it meaningful to measure care to non-dependent
adults? Is it useful to distinguish care to sick, disabled and the elderly?
Unpaid work activities – Volunteer work
• Volunteer work is seldom spontaneously declared; the concept is not
very clear for both interviewers and respondents. Rare declarations like
“doing volunteer work”.
•
Volunteer work may be hidden behind activities such as “going to the
church”, “going to the community center” or even “visiting neighbours”
or “visiting friends”, if people don’t say what exactly they were doing in
these places.
•
How to encourage people to report volunteer work? What kind of
context variables could we use for that?
Thank you!