Transcript University of Agriculture, Abeokuta Department of Food Science and Technology Course guide on Food Plant Design and Pilot Demonstration (FST 409)

University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
Department of Food Science and Technology
Course guide on
Food Plant Design and Pilot Demonstration
(FST 409)
Synopsis
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Concept of a food plant
Plant design concepts
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Definitions
Process design
Optimal design principles
Sanitary design
General appreciation of the food industry and various
plant facility need
Design principles
Feasibility study
Site selection
Plant economics and profitability
Concept of a Food Plant
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Food plant as physical entity
Conversion processes in a food plant
Energy consumption and cost
Waste generation
Human expertise need
Life cycle of a plant
Plant design concepts
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Design as an idea generation exercise
 Fitness to a purpose
 Enormity of task depends on the intended scale of
operation of the plant
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Food Plant design as a multidisciplinary project
 Coordinated by a Food Engineer/Food Technologist
 Team may involve all or some of the following:
Civil, Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Electrical Engineer,
Accountants, Architects, Quantity Surveyor, Economists,
etc.
Definitions
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Food process
Process simulation
Process optimization
Process instrumentation and control
Food plant sanitation
Stages in plant design
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Inception
Preliminary evaluation of economics and market
Development of data necessary for final design
Final economic evaluation
Detailed engineering design
Procurement
Erection
Startup and trial runs
Production
The Food Industry
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The producers
The processors
The marketers
The consumers
Plant Design Principles
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Material Flow
Sanitary Design
Site Location
Design for People
Feasibility studies
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Types, definitions and goals:
 Technical
 Economic
 Viability of a project
Issues in Technical Feasibility Study
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Raw material requirement
Labor requirement
Equipment and facility requirement
Technology
Process flow
Facility construction and material suitability
Land suitability
Climatic consideration
Energy and utilities
Transportation
Issues in economic feasibility
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Projected expenditures on the design project
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Projected incomes
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Capital
Recurrent
Sales
Services
Projected profits
Time value of money
Plant economics
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Asset values
 Initial value
 Salvage value
 Scrap value
 Present value:
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book value
market value
replacement value
Plant economics contd.
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Types of depreciation:
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Physical
Functional
Depletion
Purpose of depreciation cost
Methods of calculating depreciation:
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Straight line
Declining balance
Sum-of-the-year-digit
Sinking fund
Present worth
Plant economics contd.
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Profitability defined
Profitability evaluation methods:
 Rate of return
 Discounted cash flow
 Net present worth
 Capitalized costs
 Payout period