Transcript SmartTruck Systems A Look at Tractor Trailer Fuel Efficiency Good Jobs Green Jobs Conference Washington DC 2/10/2013

SmartTruck Systems
A Look at Tractor Trailer
Fuel Efficiency
Good Jobs Green Jobs Conference
Washington DC 2/10/2013
SmartTruck Introduction
• SmartTruck engineering and design was born in the aerospace,
motorsports and automotive industries:
– Boeing and NASA Technology
–
–
–
Aerion Super Sonic Business Jet
Boeing MD 80 Winglet for aging aircraft
Racing and Motorsports
• Daytona Prototype development
• Indy Car
• NASCAR
–
–
–
Ballistics
Ford Hybrid Concept Car
Bright Automotive Plug-In Hybrid Van
• SmartTruck’s mission: transfer technology and design techniques from the
aerospace industry to the trucking industry to produce groundbreaking,
rugged performance equipment for tractors and trailers
SmartTruck Introduction
• SmartTruck’s focus is on advanced aerodynamics
Fuel Performance Perspective
Type of
Vehicle
FE Rating
Loaded Weight
Vehicle Efficiency
(miles/gallon)
(lbs)
(ton-miles/gallon)
Class 8 Long
Haul Truck
6.5
70,000
228
Large SUV
12
7,300
44
Compact
Gas Hybrid
50
3,500
88
????
130
3,500
228
119e
3,300
196
• 1977 Trans Am compared to now
– HP, MPG
The Car: 1977 to 2014
1977 Pontiac Trans Am
2014 Chevrolet Camaro
• 1978 CAFE std: 18.0 mpg
• 2014 CAFE std: 31.3 mpg
• Vehicle Specs:
– V8 6.6L engine: 200 hp
– ~14 mpg
– (74% improvement over 1978)
• Vehicle Specs/Options:
– Camaro 1LS
• V6 3.6L engine: 323 hp
• 22 mpg (combined)
– Camaro 1SS
• V8 6.2L engine: 426 hp
• 19 mpg
– Camaro ZL1 (shown in photo)
• V8 6.2L Supercharged engine: 580 hp
• 14 mpg
The Tractor Trailer: 1977 to 2014
1977 Tractor Trailer Fleet
2014 Tractor Trailer Fleet
• 4.6 mpg (Argonne National Labs)
• Tractor:
• 6.5 mpg (41% improvement over 1977)
• Tractor:
– No aerodynamic fairings
– Exterior air cleaner and exhaust stacks
– Square nose
• Trailer:
– 48’ Trailer limit
– Aggressive aerodynamic improvements
• Trailer:
– 53’ Trailer limit
Moving Forward
Where is energy lost with tractor trailers?
Engine Losses
Interstate: 58 – 59%
Aerodynamic Losses
Interstate: 15-22%
Inertia/Braking
Interstate: 0-2%
Rolling Resistance
Interstate: 13-16%
Drivetrain
Auxiliary Loads
Interstate: 2-4%
Interstate: 1-4%
Opportunities for Fuel Savings
% Fuel Efficiency Improvements
Data from multiple sources: NESCCAF, ICCT, Calstart, Navistar
Future Performance Targets
• DOE SuperTruck Program: ~10 mpg
– 50% improved Tractor Trailer efficiency (compared to 2009 MY)
• 30/50% improvement achieved through vehicle technologies
• 20/50% improvement achieved through engine technologies
• Attain 50% engine brake thermal efficiency and demonstrate path to 55%
• EPA/NHTSA FE/GHG Standards:
– Phase I (MY 2014 – 2018): ~8 mpg
• ~20% improvement by 2018 (compared to 2010)
• Only address tractor and engine system (no trailers)
• Also looks at vehicle efficiency: ton-miles/gal or g CO2/ton-mile
– Phase II (TBD): may include trailers
Aerodynamics
• Due to the amount of highway miles driven, the tractor trailer would
benefit more than any other vehicle on the road from advanced
aerodynamic improvements.
Type of
Vehicle
Potential Class 8 Truck
Highway Fuel Efficiency
at 65 mph
Cd
MPG
Drag
Coefficient
(Cd)
Average
Annual
Highway Miles
Class 8 Long
Haul Tractor
Trailer
.58 - .62
100,000
.60
7.0
Large SUV
.4 - .5
6,750
.45
8.4
Aerodynamically
Advanced Car
.25
6,750
.25
11.0
• If the tractor trailer had the aerodynamic performance of a well designed
car it could achieve 11 mpg on the highway.
Aerodynamics
Where is the Drag on Tractor Trailers?
Trailer Aerodynamic Strategies: Retrofit
Side skirts
Nose Fairings
Boat tails
Under Trailer Systems
Tractor Trailer Concepts
Long Haul Impacts per Trip
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2,795 miles (95% long haul)
Diesel Fuel Consumed
Today @ 6.5 mpg
@ 11 mpg
Difference
Diesel Fuel Consumed (gal)
430 gal
254 gal
176 gal
CO2 Emissions (lbs)
9,546 lbs
5,640 lbs
3,906 lbs
Fuel Spend @ ($4/gal)
$1,720
$1,016
$704
Factors to Consider
• Testing and validating fuel performance
• Ensuring individual system improvements work
with other system improvements
• ROI vs. CapX
• Trailer to tractor ratio: national average is 2.75
• Driver training and capability
– Drivers impacts can be 30%
• Vehicle size and longer combination vehicles
Thank You
SmartTruck Systems
www.SmartTruckSystems.com
Mitchell Greenberg
[email protected]
Good Jobs Green Jobs Conference
Washington DC 2/10/2013