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COMMUNICATIONS FOR THE SMART GRID

SMART GRID IMPLICATIONS FOR CABLE OPERATORS

Matt Haile Tantalus 4.6.2011

Smart Grid Overview How do we define the Smart Grid

– The application of technology to upgrade and improve the electricity grid – Previously SG was Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI / smart meters), now first step is often Demand Management or Distribution Automation.

– Smart Grid uses technology and business models to improve control, efficiency, and reliability of the electricity grid.

Why do we need a Smart Grid?

•

A smarter grid applies technologies, tools and techniques available now to bring knowledge to power

– Ensuring its reliability to degrees never before possible.

– Maintaining its affordability.

– Reinforcing our global competitiveness.

– Fully accommodating renewable and traditional energy sources.

– Potentially reducing our carbon footprint.

– Introducing advancements and efficiencies yet to be envisioned.

Why is this happening?

• • Hundreds of thousands of high voltage transmission lines course throughout the United States, only 668 additional miles of interstate transmission have been built since 2000. As a result, system constraints worsen at a time when outages and power quality issues are estimated to cost American business more than $100 billion on average each year.

Regulatory Actions Act 129 - Pennsylvania

— Act 129 directed that all electric distribution companies with at least 100,000 customers are to file an energy efficiency and conservation plan — Requires a 4.5 percent reduction (1,193 MW) in peak demand by May 31, 2013 –

The utility could be fined up to $20 million for failing to meet these reduction targets.

Three Pillars of the Smart Grid

DATA MANAGEMENT LOAD MANAGEMENT ASSET MANAGEMENT Economic Efficiency 1 AMI Advanced Metering Infrastructure “ Smart ”

meters enable time-of-use billing, power quality and outage reports

2 DR Demand Response

Educates and enables a customer to make “

Smart

” energy conservation decisions

Conservation Delivery Efficiency, Asset Yield 3 DA Distribution Automation

Enables “

Smart

Financial Implications

Why is this important to businesses – beyond social implications 1.

Think about the scale – # of endpoints on network increasing – Interval data updates Think about costs – A small change in peak demand can lead to significant cost savings Think about benefits – Programs typically target 3% - 6% reduction in energy; depends on specifics of program

Trends and Transformations

•

Technology has evolved rapidly:

- Smart Meters more sophisticated and reliable - Costs have decreased •

Many early adopters abandoning original AMR systems:

- Features that were once uneconomic & unproven now cost-effective, reliable and practical

Driving Change

Goal: Balanced Demand

Typical Day

• Utility forecasts how much energy it expects to use on a given day • Purchases energy slightly in excess of forecasted peak demand • Typical peaks morning & evening; more costly to produce energy during these high-use periods

Peak Day

• Energy consumption spike usually caused by unexpected hot/cold temperatures • Appliances & HVAC forced to work harder • Two tough choices: -

Spot Market:

emissions rise purchase energy that is often 10x higher than retail; costs & greenhouse gas -

Shed Load:

brownout; inconvenience customers FORECASTED USAGE::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

MORNING PEAK

Over 50% of a utility’s annual power costs can be incurred within 10% of operating hours.

EVENING PEAK 1:00 | 2:00 | 3:00 | 4:00 | 5:00 | 6:00 | 7:00 | 8:00 | 9:00 | 10:00 | 11:00 | 12:00 | 13:00 | 14:00 | 15:00 | 16:00 | 17:00 | 18:00 | 19:00 | 20:00 | 21:00 | 22:00 | 23:00 | 24:00

• •

Goal: Balanced Demand

•

Goal 1:

flatten the peaks by moving some consumption to periods where energy is more abundant and cheaper to produce

Goal 2:

shed load on specific devices (air conditioners / pool pumps) rather than enacting full-scale brownouts

Goal 3:

signal customers when different price levels are in effect so they can better manage household usage and reduce costs FORECASTED USAGE::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

BALANCE

MORNING PEAK EVENING PEAK 1:00 | 2:00 | 3:00 | 4:00 | 5:00 | 6:00 | 7:00 | 8:00 | 9:00 | 10:00 | 11:00 | 12:00 | 13:00 | 14:00 | 15:00 | 16:00 | 17:00 | 18:00 | 19:00 | 20:00 | 21:00 | 22:00 | 23:00 | 24:00

DR Scenario #1

Direct Load Control • Utility encounters critical peak • Load Shed command broadcast to participating customers • Power cycled down or shut off on registered appliances (HVAC, pool pumps, etc.) • Action verified & recorded at utility; data integrated into billing report • Customer can override event • Utility can stop shedding event or normal operations resume after pre set period

DR Scenario #2

Signaling • Smart Thermostats (IHD) installed - Smart appliances (fridge, dish & clothes washer) • Alert sent to participating customer which TOU level is in effect or if load shed imminent • IHD alerts all customers or only those enrolled in a particular DR program • Customer decides on the level of participation - full, partial or ignore • Power cycled down or shut off on selected appliances (HVAC, pool pumps, etc.) • Action verified & recorded at utility; data integrated into billing report • Customer can override an event or change preferences / programs at any time via the IHD console © 2010-11 Tantalus Systems Corp.

Smart Grid Building Blocks

• Scalable • Easy integration with back office applications • Processing power • Scalable • Public & private comms options • Standards based • Redundancy • Strong security • Priority driven messaging • Utility lifecycle • Appliance connectivity • Simple management • Isolate HAN lifecycle • Customer signaling • Evolutionary design © 2010-11 Tantalus Systems Corp.

NS Network Server

• Application interfaces - simple TCP/IP links • Two-way communications interoperability: - SCADA - CIS / Billing / etc.

WAN Wide Area Network

• Multiple platforms - wired or wireless • Standards based – WiFi, WiMAX, GSM • Public/private • Right-sized capacity • Cost-effective migration path • Rapid deployment

LAN Local Area Network

• Surgical deployment • Self-initiating & self-healing network • Standard radios • Meter endpoints for - electric / water / gas • Multiple meter types supported

HAN Home Area Network

• Over-the-air programming • Access via meter / load control • DR modules: - load control - IHD / smart thermostat • Time-stamped • Opt-in & out

The Smart Grid Network

TCP/IP Network Server WAN

Wired & Wireless

HOME AREA NETWORK Demand Response 900 MHz LAN

Components

Command & control center Two-way, real-time connectivity Private and public WAN

options – RF & Broadband Field initiated network – self configuring, self-healing

Home Area Networks Built for urban & rural coverage; scalable

220 MHz Transceiver

:: RT-3250 RF Gateway for WAN Communication • • • • • •

Ensures reliable & efficient two-way wireless communication between a Utility Operations Center and a cluster of LAN devices.

Provides long-range, terrain hugging communication in rural & urban environments via 220 MHz Gathers data from multiple LAN endpoints: – meter readings, power quality data, and outage alerts Issues commands to single or multiple meters: – remote disconnect or time-synched reads Read on request or interval reads: – minutes, hours, days, weeks, or months Delivers interval data for advanced metering: – TOU, CPP, RTP pricing – load control & demand response Simple installation in Form 2S meter socket: – solid state & electromechanical meters © 2010-11 Tantalus Systems Corp.

Ethernet WAN Collector

LAN / WAN Gateway for Ethernet Communication • • • • • • •

A two-way Ethernet hub for utilities that prefer to use the Internet as their backbone data communications network.

Connects an Ethernet WAN to TUNet enabled 900 MHz LAN devices: Designed for utilities/municipalities that operate Fiber-to-the-Home network Gathers data from multiple LAN endpoints: – meter readings, power quality data and outage alerts Issues commands to single or multiple meters: – remote disconnect, load control events or time-synched reads: Supports on-demand reads or scheduled interval reads: – minutes, hours, days, weeks, or months Delivers interval data for advanced metering: – TOU, CPP, RTP pricing – load control & demand response Simple installation in Form 2S meter socket: – solid state & electromechanical meters © 2010-11 Tantalus Systems Corp.

• •

Use Cases

A Closer Look at How Electric and Telecoms Providers Would Reach Homes Use Case #1: Outdoor interface directly to smart meters via Ethernet – This is what we show on our display wall • Use Case #3: Wireless WAN – Endpoints (meters / homes) are far enough away from each other that we need Sharkfin on each home to connect to the network --- LAN not enough range

ONT / NID

Access Network

Tantalus RT-4101 IP Collector (Fiber)

Use Case #2: Wireless LAN (Tantalus traditional deployment) • Use Case #4: Indoor Modem – Indoor Modem connected to outdoor meter via Ethernet – One of the Ethernet ports on the indoor ONT or modem must be wired out to the outdoor smart meter

MOdem

Access Network

Tantalus RT-4101 IP Collector (Fiber)

HAN: HOME AREA NETWORK

SMART HOME Serves as backbone network for all meter & HAN data Endpoints provide access to home: meter, In-Home Display, load control device Two-way, real-time network established between utility & home LM communicates via 900 MHz IHD communicates via ZigBee or 900 MHz; interfaces with multiple devices © 2010-11 Tantalus Systems Corp.

LOAD MANAGEMENT SWITCH

:: LM-1421 The Cornerstone of an Effective DR Program • • • • • • • • •

Centrally manage loads directly via TUNet in order to quickly reduce electricity consumption both locally or across the service territory during critical economic & emergency events.

Remotely manage in-home customer loads Connects to a variety of appliances: central air conditioners, electric water & baseboard heaters and pool pumps Part of a utility reliability strategy aimed to improve SAIDI & SAIFI results by avoiding overloads, blackouts & brownouts Compatible with low and high current loads End-user flexibility: allows customers to opt-out of shedding events; notifies utility if device is physically disconnected All events verified, logged & time-stamped Easy to install and operate / inside or outside Easy to use Web interface for utility control; over-the-air firmware upgrades Automatically re-activates power after pre-programmed time © 2010-11 Tantalus Systems Corp.

PROGRAMMABLE THERMOSTAT

:: ST-1480 Communicating Smart Thermostat to Maximize Conservation

Customizable, feature-rich Demand Response device for customer

• • • • • • •

signaling, load control & a full range of conservation programs.

Highly configurable & customizable – implement desired rate structures, load control programs, user messaging and over-ride permissions Supports over-the-air upgrades and programming via TUNet to extend features and change operating parameters Reliable communications, self-initiating & self-healing association within the TUNet LAN; optional ZigBee Bright visual alerts notify consumers when load shedding is active and when low, medium or high energy price in effect Functions as a standalone device or in conjunction with other TUNet-enabled meters or load control switches Confirms commands; time-stamped messages verify start & stop time for accurate billing and regulatory reporting Works with both residential and C&I loads: – HVAC air conditioners and heat pumps © 2010-11 Tantalus Systems Corp.

Current Environment – Home Automation and Security

Current Environment – Energy Management

Current Environment – Cable Opportunity?

• TV as portal of choice?

– Vs. previous consumer gateway

• Power of the Set Top Box

– Zigbee connections?

• Partnership to head off competition

– Muni’s looking to run fiber – and for add’l revenue?

• Cross Marketing

Consumer Portal / dashboard that allows users to see their energy usage and trends in real-time. The Portal gives users control over their consumption by allowing them to set up custom profiles based on their needs for comfort and desire to save on energy bills. Dashboard controls can also be accessed from any smart phone that can access the web.

Recognize the Players • Municipal Electric vs. City • Cooperatives • Investor Owned Utility (IOU)

Opportunity

Hancock Telecom and Central Indiana Power

Know your Customer Know what Itches

• Know the Industry – Each utility’s vision, philosophy, plans and priorities – that’s what drives their SG solution (if any) • Understand electric utility economics – Generation/Wholesale Power Cost is the primary driver – it’s all about cost/resource avoidance.

– Is selling less of something a good thing?

High Level Utility Overview • • Strengths

– Building, operating and managing highly complex electro mechanical infrastructure – Commitment to reliability and redundancy – failure is not an option (Cost is usually second to reliability) – Cautious and methodical – electric service is essential to public safety

Gaps

What are the Opportunities?

• Seek solutions – not simply connectivity

– Networks – Non-critical communications – the place to start – Non-time critical – Most consumer level data – Command and control networks – Critical – failure is not an option…period.

Perspectives • How far along are you in thinking about smart grid?

– Just starting to look into it – Have met with local electric utilities • What do you see as the key challenges of working with utilities?

What are the Challenges?

• Build Trust

– Haven’t necessarily played together very nicely in the past.

– pole attachments – municipal broadband • Understand what’s at stake for the utility (your customer) economically, operationally, politically etc… • Rethink customer care. A utility is not a customer. It’s a partner. Your highest priority partner. Often when their service doesn’t work, yours doesn’t either.

MSO’s and the Smart Grid

• Leverage the strengths of your organization to enable comprehensive end to end solutions for utilities – Utility requires reliable, secure and low latency network – Speeds deployment by using an existing access infrastructure – Leverages technical skills of communications provider staff • Communication service providers leverage their core asset – the network – as well as IT capabilities to provide utilities with the communications fabric over which the smart grid can be deployed – Expands service revenue streams – Justifies deeper fiber deployment to electric sub-stations, wireless base stations and perhaps all the way to the home © 2010-11 Tantalus Systems Corp.

Recognize Cultural Differences and Develop a Strategy for SG

Which Utilities Make Good Targets

• Some utilities are more likely than others to cooperate – Focus on utilities that do not produce their own power - those that buy all their power are more incented to implement Smart Grid – The more territory overlap the better – Utilities with small IT and telecom staffs are more likely to be willing to work with communications service providers © 2010-11 Tantalus Systems Corp.

The Future is Now

Adaptable communications technology that meets the broad set of requirements utilities face today and in the years to come.

Technology Built for Future Needs

• Capacity to grow – single network to supports ALL Smart Grid functions individually and simultaneously – functionality ready when needed • Built for speed; instant data and response • Designed to interface and interconnect – plug & play

Risk Management

• Proven technology / adaptability built-in • Flexible communications options: – single transport or best combination • Single network for cost-effectiveness and easy maintenance • Surgical deployment minimizes risk and accelerates payback • Open standards for interoperability with future applications • Timing: change priorities as objectives shift Crystal Ball Considerations • Beyond billing!

• Energy Bill impact: – TOU, fuel surcharges, other • Home Area Network: – full menu of DR options • Distributed Generation • Congestion management • Multiple utilities: – electric, water, gas, propane • Your utility objectives: – today, tomorrow, next year… © 2010-11 Tantalus Systems Corp.

Thank you for your time!

Questions?

Matt Haile Tantalus [email protected]

(919) 605-0454

Edison vs. Bell

• If Alexander Graham Bell were somehow transported to the 21st century, he would not begin to recognize the components of modern telephony – cell phones, texting, cell towers, PDAs, etc. – • Thomas Edison, one of the grid’s key early architects, would be

totally familiar with the grid!

Smart Grid Capital • Smart grid is drawing capital investments

– RUS-Investing hundreds of millions in advanced metering in rural areas; client cooperatives cover 42% of US distribution network – ARRA-$3.4 billion in funding for Smart Grid projects was awarded by the Department of Energy in 2009 – Tantalus funding / finance facility – Significant private capital is flowing in to Smart Grid – Over $4 billion complements ARRA funded projects © 2010-11 Tantalus Systems Corp.

Smart Grid ARRA Project Map

Sources of Smart Grid Information • Good reference sites for further information

– Federal government Smart Grid portal http://www.smartgrid.gov/ – National Institute of Standards-Smart Grid Framework and Roadmap http://www.smartgrid.gov/standards/existing – Federal Smart Grid Task Force http://www.smartgrid.gov/task_force – RUS-Loan and grant programs for electric and water http://www.usda.gov/rus/electric/service.htm

http://www.usda.gov/rus/water/ – ARRA-Link to see who won smart grid funding through ARRA – http://www.energy.gov/recovery/smartgrid_maps/SGIGSelections_Category.pdf

http://www.energy.gov/recovery/smartgrid_maps/SGIGSelections_State.pdf