EDUCATION IN THAILAND

Dr. Charuaypon Torranin Deputy Permanent Secretary for Education 24 March 2005

EDUCATION IN THAILAND

• QUANTITY AND QUALITY • EDUCATION SYSTEM • ADMINISTRATION • EDUCATION REFORM

Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2005 :Thailand ( UNESCO Report) During Year 2001/2002 Total Public Expenditure on education as % of GNP 5.1% Preprimary (GER%) 85.7% Primary (NER%) 86.7% Adult Literacy 92.6% Pupil/Teacher Ratio 19:1 Over All EFA index : Thailand ranks 60 from 190 countries in 2001 2

Thailand Education for All Report : Year 2001 ( UNESCO Report) 1 . Thailand shows a strong financial Commitment To education (5.1% GNP) 2 . Development is supported in Thailand through Extensive early childhood care and education (85.7%) 3 . Primary education : Thousands of children remain out school in Thailand (86.3%) 3

Thailand Education for All UNESCO Report : Year 2001 4. Pupil/ Teachers Ratio, Primary education : Thailand has one of the lowest ratios in the region (19:1) 5 . Secondary education : Despite steady progress, boys continue to out number girls in secondary education in Thailand : girls 80.7% : Boys 84.8% 6 . Adult Literacy Rate (%) : Rates are high but a gender gap persists (15 Yrs up, Year 2000 2004) female 90.5% male 94.9% 4

2004 Ministry of Education Report 1. Number of Students : Year) Age – Group Number Pre-primary education Primary education 3 - 5 6 - 11 2,991,100 5,801,400 Secondary education 12 - 17 5,772,500 Lower Secondary Upper Secondary Higher education 12 - 14 2,931,000 15 - 17 2,841,500 18 - 21 3,938,700 Total 3 - 21 18,503,800 5

2. Number of Schooling (Year) MOE 2003 Report Age Group 15 years up 15 -21 yrs 15 -59 yrs 60 years up Year 2003 7.8

9.8

7.9

3.9

6

3. Total Public Expenditure on Education as% of GNP MOE 2004 Report Total Budget GNP Education budget/GDP Year 2004 251,234,000 ,000 Baht 4.0

24.4% 7

4. Number of Students MOE 2003 Report Year 2003 Preprimary Primary Secondary Ed - Lower Secondary - Upper Secondary - General Ed - Vocational Ed Higher Ed * 2,539,200 6,065,500 4,130,500 2,464,400 1,666,100 1,059,800 606,300 1,462,400 *(Opened University is not included) 8

5. Number of Students : Public : Private Schools MOE 2003 Report Year 2003 Preprimary Primary Secondary - Lower Secondary - Upper Secondary - General Ed - Vocational Ed Higher Ed Total Public 1,989,152 5,137,901 3,677,457 2,263,284 1,414,173 991,699 422,474 801,169 Private 550,023 927,643 453,041 201,124 251,917 68,093 183,824 394,485 11,605,679 2,325,192 Public: Private 78 : 22 85 : 15 89 : 11 92 : 8 85 : 15 94 : 6 70 : 30 67 : 33 87 : 17 9

6. Continuing Education Ratio (per 1,000, Students) MOE 2003Report Level 2003 Lower Secondary Upper Secondary - General Ed - Vocational Ed Higher Ed - Diploma - Undergraduate 95.8

85.8

53.5

32.9

83.0

44.7

41.3

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7. Teacher : Students Ratio MOE 2004 Report Preprimary Primary Lower Secondary Upper Secondary (General Ed) Year 2004 Upper Secondary (Vocational Ed) 1 : 20 1 : 19 1 : 21 1 : 21 1 : 31 11

8. Students Existing Ratio MOE 2003 Report Primary Ed Lower Secondary Upper Secondary - General Ed - Vocational Ed 2003 89.5% 90.3% 82.0% 86.7% 73.6% 11

9. Number of Formal Schools : MOE 2003 Report Total Preprimary Ed Primary Lower Secondary Upper Secondary : General Upper Secondary : Vocational Diploma Bachelor Degree Master Bachelor’s + Doctorate Degree Total 50,089 44,760 33,043 10,490 2,837 889 646 208 66 Public 46,668 42,075 31,426 Private 3,421 9,903 2,666 540 324 131 77 39 27 2,685 1,617 587 171 349 322 13

Types of Education in Thailand

•1.Formal Education • 2.Non-formal Education • 3.Informal Education

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1.Formal Education Basic Education Higher Education

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Basic Education

Pre-primary education Primary education Secondary education Lower secondary Upper secondary

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Higher Education

Lower-than-Degree Level Degree Level

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2 .

Non-formal Education

•

More flexible

•

Adjusted to the needs of individual groups

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3.

Informal Education #Learn by themselves # Learn from various sources

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Education Administration and Management

•

Central Level

•

Educational Service Areas

•

Educational Institutions

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MINSTRY OF EDUCATION : Organization Structure Permanent Secretary Office Office of Educational Council Office of Basic Education Office of Higher Education Office of Vocational Education

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Educational Service Areas (Local Admin) 175 education areas 200 schools/ area

300,000-500,000

people/area

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Educational Institutions Management

Basic or lower than degree schooling - School boards - School based management Degree level - More independent management - Legal entities

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EDUCATION REFORM Year2005 Objectives 1 :Economy-based

•

society All-round and balanced human development

•

Building a society of morality, wisdom and learning

•

Development of the social environment

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OBJECTIVE 2:

All-Round and Balanced Human Delopment Guidelines - Access for all - Teaching-learning reform -Values education-morality, integrity, ethics - Manpower development

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OBJECTIVE 3: Building

a Society

of Morality, Wisdom and Learning

Guidelines • •

Develop a learning society Promote research and development

•

Create,apply and disseminate knowledge

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Objective4 : Development of the Social Environment

Guidelines

• • •

Promote and create social and cultural capital Develop technologies Address issues of social injustice

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2.Strategic Action Plan

Mission 1. Strengthen access to education for all 2. Establish an efficient system of quality education 3. Raise educational standards to enhance competitiveness at an international level

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Mission: 1. Strengthening Access to Education for All Tasks

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Increase access to Basic Education services for All - Strengthen Vocational Education provison - Strengthen Higher Education provision - Promote and facilitate public lifelong learning

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Mission 1. Strengthening Access to Education for All Achievements (continue)

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14 years free education - Mobile teaching units - Partnerships with private sector - Community Learning Centres (CLCs)

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Tasks Mission 2. Establishing and Efficient System of Quality Education

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Reform the learning process for knowledge based livelihood - Build capacity in teachers, faculty staff and educational personnel - Strengthen management systems - Improve resource management

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Mission 2. Establishing and Efficient System of Quality Education(continue) Achievements - Structural reform - Decentralization of authority - Training of teachers, faculty staff and education administrators - Introduction of School-based Management (SBM)

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Mission 3 : Raising Educational Standards to Enhance Competitiveness at the International Level

Tasks

- Develop educational standards equal to those of developed countries - Increase capacity for research and development - Develop innovations and technologies

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Mission 3: Raising Educational Standards to Enhance Competitiveness at the International Level (continued) Achievements Establishing institutional linkages for research - Setting up infrastructure in schools - Establishing networks (e.g. SchoolNet) - Teacher Training (materials development)

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OUTSTANDING EUCATION REFORM PROJECTS - One district, One Perfect School - One District, One University Scholarship - Free 14 years- basic education

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Thank you

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