Transcript NSF workshop on Small Satellite Missions for Space Weather and Atmospheric Research Geo Quick Ride (GQR) Concept Review May 15-17, 2007 Bob Caffrey, NASA/GSFC 301-286-0846 [email protected].

NSF workshop on Small Satellite Missions for
Space Weather and Atmospheric Research
Geo Quick Ride (GQR) Concept Review
May 15-17, 2007
Bob Caffrey, NASA/GSFC
301-286-0846
[email protected]
Geo Quick Ride (GQR) Concept Review
Agenda
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11/6/2015
NASA/GSFC Support to the Small Satellite Community
IMDC & ISAL Overview
RSDO Overview
GQR Overview
Low Cost Access to Space (LCAS) Options
GQR Vendors & Implementation Options
GQR Payload Status
Upcoming Opportunities
GQR Payload Accommodation Process
For Further Information, Contact ...
Backup Slides
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GSFC Support to the Small Satellite Community
Instrument Concept
ISAL
Instrument Design
(Instrument
Simulation)
Mission Concept
IMDC
Mission Design
(Mission Simulation)
Mission Design
RSDO
Dedicated Spacecraft
(s/c & component
catalog)
Instrument Design
Payload
Community
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GQR
Payload Accommodation
(payload
piggybacking)
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ISAL & IMDC Overview
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Provide services tailored to customer needs • IMDC Design Support
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Requirements Definition
End-to-End Concept Studies
Focused-Studies/Trade studies
Independent Technical Assessments
Technology and Risk Assessments
 Low earth, high elliptical, geosync, libration, lunar, drift
away, interplanetary, and deep space orbits and balloon
flights
 Single spacecraft missions, formation flying,
constellations, distributed systems
 Uncontrolled or controlled deorbit and recoverable
payload modules
 Custom vs. commercial spacecraft
 Expendable vs. non-expendable launch
• ISAL Instrument Design Support
 Imagers/Cameras
 Spectrometers
 Lidars
 Microwave through Gamma Ray Telescopes
 Solar Physics Instruments, Spectroheliographs
• Serve a range of customers
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NASA Centers … all Enterprises
Academia
Other Federal Agencies
Industry
 Passive or Microwave Radiometers
 Geo-chemistry experiments
 Planetary Orbiter Instruments
 Optical Molecular Sensors
 Large Weather Satellite Instruments
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RSDO Overview
• RSDO manages the Rapid-II contract which serves as a fast & flexible
Government-wide procurement tool for commercial spacecraft
• RSDO Catalog contains 15 Buses
– New Buses via On-Ramps
• RAPID Awards, simple Procurement:
– SC awards (30 - 90 days)
• Program Risk Reduction
– Proven Spacecraft Designs
– Early studies during Payload development
• Fixed Price Awards, with Full Insight
– Final selection by competition
• Total Refund/Replacement for Bus Failure
• Space Components Catalog
– Rapid-II vendors can provide space qualified components in addition to entire s/c
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NASA/GSFC RAPID II Catalog
Buses
ORBITAL
BALL
QUIKTOMS
ICESAT
QUIKSCAT
NPP
LEOSTAR-2 (ORBVIEW)
BCP 2000 (QUIKSCAT)
BCP600 (GFO)
MINISTAR (ACRIMSAT) PICOSTAR (MIGHTYSAT 1)
SPECTRUM ASTRO
SA200HP (D51)
MICROSTAR (BATSAT)
CORIOLIS
SWIFT
GLAST
SSTL
MIDSTAR (FUSE)
STARBUS (INDOSTAR)
ASTRIUM
MINISAT 400 (VOSAT12)
FLEXBUS (CHAMP)
SA200S (MST1)
MICROSAT-70 (TSINGHUA-1)
15 Buses
Missions Flown or
In Development
SA200B (MIGHTYSAT II)
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SNAP (NANOSAT)
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GQR Overview
• Fly science instruments and technology demos on the excess
capacity of commercial GEO communication satellites
• 1998/99 GQR Studies on Commercial Spacecraft Opportunities:
– Average excess capacity: mass: 89kg, power: 460W & volume
– Commercial: 4 US manufactures & 4+ U.S. owner/operators
• Changes at NASA and the spacecraft industry are creating
opportunities for piggybacking on commercial satellites
• Owner/Operators provide: spacecraft accommodations; integration
support; & ground station/mission ops support
• Commercial Spacecraft Mission Life:
– Mission life of 15 years and GQR payloads use BOL capacity
• FAA's 2004 Commercial Space Transportation Forecast: ~ 23.4
commercial launches/year, 2004-13
(http://ast.faa.gov/rep_study/forcasts_and_reports.htm)
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Payload Accommodation Opportunity
Open Nadir
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The New Intelsat’s Global Coverage
Cable arc
POR/APR
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Intelsat
PanAmSat
180° EL 180°
Broadcast arc
90° EL
90° WL
Key figures:
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2211 x 36 MHz
transponders
SATCOM everywhere
0°
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IOR
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AOR
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Satellite Procurements by Intelsat
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70
y = 3.7036x + 8.3048
Number of Satellites
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50
40
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30
20
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Accumulated Number
60
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2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
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1993
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Year Launched
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PAS Spacecraft
IS Spacecraft
Total
Linear (Total)
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Potential GQR Vendors and Options
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Commercial Owner/Operators:
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Spacecraft Manufactures:
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SES Americom
Intelsat
Loral Skynet
Others (international, etc)
Boeing Satellite Development Center
Lockheed Martin Commercial Space
Loral Space Systems
Orbital Sciences Corporation
Space Agency Opportunities:
– US: GOES, TDRS, and others
– International: Australia, Brazil, India, etc.
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Geo Quick Ride (GQR) Payload
• Past GQR Payload Proposals:
– ESSP AO:
• VOLCAM, SEI, GeoTRACE, GLM
– NMP AO:
• GeoTRACE, GIFTS
– GeoSpace/RBSP AO:
• TIGIRS, MISTI
– ROSES SHP NRA:
• DBSIM
• GQR ‘like’ Payloads:
– GCCS/WAAS (FAA Payload), launched in October 2005
– Technology Demonstrations (launched by spacecraft vendors)
• The cost to accommodate a GQR Payload:
– The official cost: based on mass, FOV, data rate, & integration complexity
– The unofficial cost: using excess capacity, real cost is low, what the market will bear
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Upcoming NASA Opportunities (1)
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Program
AO Release/Due Date
2007 ROSES LCAS:
Geospace
Solar & Heliospheric Physics
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SMEX-12 & -13, MO option
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2008 ROSES LCAS:
Geospace
Solar & Heliospheric Physics
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MIDEX-7 & -8, MO option
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ESSP, MO option
TBD
(1) http://nspires.nasaprs.com
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GQR Payload Accommodation Process
Identify Funding Source
Identify Government Sponsor
Define GQR Payload Concept
Complete P/L Estimate Form
Internal GQR Assessment
Review Issues & Options
Step-1
Selection ?
Step-2
Selection ?
Develop P/L Interface
Req. Document (IRD)
Develop P/L Interface
Control Doc (ICD)
Provide PM, SE, & MA Sup
Release Accommodation RFI
Review Results with Vendors
Provide PM, SE, & MA Sup
Release Concept Study RFP
& Award Study Contracts
Provide PM, SE, & MA Sup
Release Implementation RFP &
Award Accommodation Contract
Develop Technical Approach
Develop Schedule & Budget
Support Proposal Development
Update Schedule & Budget
Development Proposal /
Concept Study Report (CSR)
Deliver P/L & S/C Simulators
Deliver Payload L–1 year
LAUNCH
Concept Development
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Formulation
Implementation
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GQR Features
• The GQR Platform benefits Earth Science, Space Science & Space Weather
• Geostationary Earth platforms provides information over shorter timescale
compared to LEO sensors, which is needed for many science investigations
• GQR team support scientists and other payload users with concept
development, proposal support & implementation
• GQR a Mission of Opportunity (MO) option to the upcoming SMEX, MIDEX,
& ESSP AO
• GQR a limited Low Cost Access to Space (LCAS) option to the ROSES NRA
LCAS option
• Low-cost features of GQR:
– GQR Payloads can be implement as Class D missions
– GQR Payloads can allow Grade 3 parts
– Single string / single point failures are acceptable
– Adopt an insight, not an oversight approach to contract management
– Flight proven components available through RSDO catalog
• GQR may have as many as 20+ launches/year
• Dedicated GEO science missions are cost prohibitive. GQR enables a new
class of science missions (Earth Science, Space Science, & Solar Science)
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For Further Information, Contact ...
IDC (http://idc.nasa.gov)
IDC Operations Manager:
Bruce Campbell/500, 301-286-9808
IDC Systems Engineer:
Deborah Amato/592, 301-286-6834
IMDC (http://imdc.nasa.gov)
Team Lead:
John Martin/451, 301-286-8892
ISAL (http://isal.nasa.gov)
Team Leader:
Tammy Brown/556, 301-286-5753
RSDO (http://rsdo.nasa.gov)
RSDO
Greg Smith /401, 301-286-1289
Art Unger / 410, 301-286-0404
GQR (http://rsdo.nasa.gov)
GQR
11/6/2015
Bob Caffrey/401, 301-286-0846
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Backup slides …
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GQR Payload Requirements Estimate Form
Payload Name:
As of <date>
Payload Contact Name
Payload Contact Phone
Payload Contact Email
Payload Accommodation Requirements:
Payload Mass kg
Payload Power (EOL) Required W
Volume (l x w x h)
Thermal Dissipation by Spacecraft
Command & Control Uplink
Science Data Downlink/Band
Science Data Storage Gbits
Pointing Knowledge
Pointing Control
Pointing Stability (< 10Hz)
Pointing Jitter ( > 10Hz)
Launch Date
Acquisition Date
Mission Life (years)
Other considerations
Other Assumptions Used in the Estimate:
Downlink Communication Band
Command & Control
Communications
Instrument Health and Status
Redundancy Needed
Number of Star Trackers
GPS Receivers
Schedule Assumptions
No. of Spacecraft
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Low Cost Access to Space (LCAS) Options
for Small Payloads and MO Instruments
GQR Program
2005 & beyond
ESPA Ring
2006 & beyond
Space Station
2003 - 2015
Space Shuttle
1985 - 2003
Sounding Rockets
and Balloons
1950’s - present
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Key Capabilities
Short Duration micro-gravity, remote
sensing, technology validation, and other
experiments supported
Crew tended
Circular orbit
28 – 57 degree inclination
300 km altitude
Return Capability
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Key Capabilities
Long Duration micro-gravity, remote •
sensing, technology validation, and other
experiments supported
Enhanced Crew involvement
Circular orbit
28 – 57 degree inclination
300 km altitude
Return Capability
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Key Capabilities
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Piggyback on Atlas V or Delta IV
Support up to six 400 – 450 lbs
satellites
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Frequent launches
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Key Capabilities
Piggyback on commercial S/C
October 2005 first mission
2-3 year micro-gravity, remote
sensing, technology validation, and
other experiments supported
Ground station & mission ops
support available
GEO Orbit / Long Duration
Frequent launches opportunities (46/y), many location options
Industry actively pursuing payload
opportunities
Key Capabilities
Short Duration experiments
Low Earth orbit
Return Capability
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GQR History (1998 to present)
• 1998/99 GQR Studies on Commercial Spacecraft Opportunities:
– Average excess capacity: mass: 89kg, power: 460W & volume
– Commercial: 4 US manufactures & 4 U.S. owner/operators
• 1998 VOLCAM proposed GQR, selected as ESSP alternate miss.
• 1999/2000 GeoTRACE proposed GQR, NMP/ESSP “too risky?”
• 1999 Final Analysis Inc awarded GQR contract, but no customers
• August 2003 GIFTS GQR Studies:
– 4 manufactures and 2 owner/operators provided detail studies
• September 2005 RBSP Missions of Opportunity GQR Studies:
– 2 vendors proposed low-cost payload accommodations
• October 2005 FAA launched WASS payload (first GQR payload)
– FAA contracted with PAS, PAS contracted to Orbital for the s/c
& LMC for the payload (PAS-11/Galaxy-15)
• The FAA plans a second payload to fly as a GQR payload
• One of the recently selected RBSP missions is a GQR payload (tbc)
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NASA/GSFC IDC Rapid Design Approach is a
Tightly Coupled, Iterative Process
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Integrated collaborative, concurrent design process
– Continuous intensive interactions
– Consider all phases of life-cycle
– During the study, information exchanged in virtual real
time across all elements
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Active role of the Customer
– A primary reason the process comes to closure so
quickly, and results map well to customer needs
– Customer presence throughout study period is desired
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Client Requirements:
- Science Goals
- Instrument Characteristics
- Mission Baseline Concepts
TL, SE, and
Customer
Frequent checks of status and coordination among all
parties
– Including both Customer and IDC teams
IMDC Disciplines shown, ISAL Disciplines are somewhat different;
however, basically the same process used in both environments
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Typical NASA/GSFC IDC Engineering
Support
IMDC
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Systems
Mission Design
Mechanical/Structure
Power
Thermal
Attitude Control
Propulsion
Telecommunication
Command & Data Handling
Flight Software
Integration & Test
Mission Operations
Launch Vehicle
Environmental Affects
Orbital Debris
Risk Assessment
Cost Modeling
ISAL
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Instrument Systems
Science Liaison
Optical
Electro-Optical
Electrical
Electro-Mechanical
Opto-Mechanical
Structural
Mechanical Analysis
Thermal
Cryogenics*
Detectors
Lasers*
Flight Software
Risk Assessment
Cost Modeling
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GQR Payload FOV Requirements
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Geo Quick Ride (GQR): Size of Disks
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GQR Payload Accommodation Schedule
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