Transcript Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Lithuania “Schools for All” as educational reform Ričardas Ališauskas, Head of Bureau for Strategic Programs 27-09-2011

Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
“Schools for All”
as educational reform
Ričardas Ališauskas, Head of Bureau for Strategic Programs
27-09-2011
Meilė Lukšienė (1913-2009)
Photo by V. Jonynienė
oflive
Education
„The childMinistry
needs to
(namelyand
live)Science
well in the
of the Republic of Lithuania
school and to grow spiritually and physically.
All the curricula and methods must be
adjusted to him.“
1988
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
„Every person is a primary
autonomous value.“
“The person maturates through
the culture.”
“Concrete i.e. national culture is
the foundation of the
education system.”
Concept of National School, 1988
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
“The main goal of educational reform
is an independent and creative
individual, whose full potential
emerges in school.”
“Education is the totality of necessary
conditions for the individual to
creatively express his natural
abilities in the adoption and
development of culture.”
“Principles of Lithuanian Education –
Humanism, Democracy,
In-culturing, Renewal.”
http://www.smm.lt/en/legislation/docs/General_co
ncept_of_education_in_Lithuania_1992.pdf
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
Johann Heinrich
Pestalozzi
1746-1827
Vilius Storosta
Vydūnas
1868-1953
Wilhelm Dilthey
1833-1911
Stasys Šalkauskis
1886-1941
Carl Ransom Rogers
1902-1987
Abraham Harold
Maslow
1908-1970
Antanas Maceina Vytautas Mačernis Antanas Šerkšnas
1908-1987
1921-1944
1903-1966
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
Concept 1992 Priorities 1998 Strategy 2003
Changing vocabulary and legislation. Integration of
children with special educational needs (SEN) into mainstream
classes.
Detection of pupils with special educational needs and
establishment of special education staff in the schools.
Other structural inclusive reforms.
Establishment of a wide network of pedagogical psychological
services (PPSs). New textbooks. All schools for all.
Broader understanding of special educational needs.
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
Concept 1992
Changing vocabulary and understanding
• defectology
• corrective education
• invalid
• uneducable
• Special education
• Child with special
educational needs (SEN)
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
Concept 1992
Legislation (1)
1. Law on Education 1991
Children with severe and profound dysfunctions become
educable
2. The Law on the Social Integration of the Disabled 1991
The disabled have the same rights to work, study and train
as other residents of Lithuania.
3. Lithuania’s Constitution (1992)
Every child must attend compulsory education until 16
years of age.
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
Concept 1992
Legislation (2)
4. The Act of Special Educational Provision for Children with
SEN in Mainstream Educational Institutions (1993):
Pupils with SEN can attend:
• mainstream class, following the mainstream
curriculum, but with special methods applied,
or following a modified mainstream curriculum,
or an alternative curriculum,
or individualized education program
• partly in a mainstream, partly in a special class;
• at a special class.
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
Concept 1992
Mentally retarded children in special (boarding) schools
as % of total number of general education students
1,8
Data sources: Ministry of Education and Science
National Department of Statistics
1,6
1,4
1,2
1
0,8
0,6
0,4
0,2
0
0
3
4
9
0
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
9
9
9
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
19 -19 -19
19 -20 -20
20 -20 -20 -20 -20 -20 -20 -20
89 992 993 998 999 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
9
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
I
II
III
Ministry of Education and Science
Priorities 1998
of the Republic of Lithuania
Legislation (3)
Other decisions for promoting inclusion
• Prolonging basic (lower secondary) schooling
from 9 to 10 years
• Implementation of learning routes at upper
secondary level
• Gymnasia for all (not only for the most successful
pupils)
• Implementation of Matura examination with
central evaluation
• Restructuring higher education (non-university
colleges, bachelor and master degree studies,
fee-paying, etc.)
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
Bruto enrolment in education
120
100
80
60
40
Primary and secondary education (age 7-18, ISCED 1+2+3)
TOTAL BRUTO ENROLMENT (age 7-24, ISCED 1-7)
Higher education (age 19-24, ISCED 5+6)
20
I
II
III
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
0
1993
Priorities 1998
Data sources: National Department of Statistics
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
Priorities 1998
Legislation (4)
5. First classification of impairments 1995
6. The Law on Special Education 1998
(persons with SEN are children and adults, who
because of congenital or acquired impairments
have limited opportunities of participating in the
educational process and social life)
7. Law on Education 1998
(recognition of SEN by the school SEN commission
or by the PPS)
8. Ministry Orders 2000, 2002
(10 categories of impairments)
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
12
Strategy 2003
Priorities 1998
All students with special educational needs until age 21
as % of total number of general education students
Data source: Education management information system
11,5
11
10,5
10
9,5
9
8,5
8
2000
2001
II
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
III
2008
2009
2010
Ministry of Education and Science
Priorities 1998
of the Republic of Lithuania
530
Achievements of 8th graders of Lithuania
in IEA TIMSS
519
520
519
510
500
488
490
480
472
Science
482
470
460
450
506
502
Mathematics
464
Mean of the scale
440
430
1995
I
1999
2003
II
2007
III
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
99 (0,3)
Netherlands
99 (0,2)
98 (0,4)
Lithuania
99 (0,3)
97 (0,6)
―
―
―
99 (0,4)
98 (0,3)
97 (0,6)
96 (0,6)
96 (1,2)
―
―
90 (1,4)
98 (0,3)
97 (0,4)
98 (0,4)
―
―
94 (0,7)
95 (0,6)
―
95 (0,9)
―
89 (0,2)
Hong Kong
Alberta (Canada)
Luxemburg
Belgium (Flemish)
Latvia
Sweden
Italy
Ontario (Canada)
Russia
Br. Columbia (Canada)
Austria
Singapore
Hungary
Germany
Quebec (Canada)
Denmark
Chinese Taipei
USA
France
Nova Scotia (Canada)
Bulgaria
International Median
International Avg.
99 (0,2)
99 (0,2)
99 (0,2)
99 (0,2)
98 (0,4)
98 (0,4)
98 (0,4)
98 (0,5)
98 (0,5)
98 (0,3)
98 (0,4)
97 (0,4)
97 (0,5)
97 (0,3)
97 (0,4)
97 (0,4)
97 (0,4)
96 (0,6)
96 (0,4)
96 (0,4)
95 (1,0)
94
90 (0,2)
Strategy 2003
Priorities 1998
Achievers of IEA PIRLS reading literacy low (400) benchmark, %
2001
Country
2006
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
Number of general education pupils per one specialist
600
Data source: Education management information system
500
Per person
Per equivalent
400
300
200
100
0
2000
2001
II
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
III
2008
2009
Strategy 2003
Priorities 1998
(special pedagogue, speech therapist, social pedagogue, psychologist)
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
Additional funding to SEN students’ basket, %
Strategy 2003
Priorities 1998
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
II
III
Ministry of Education and Science
Strategy 2003
of the Republic of Lithuania
The 3-level Model of
Special Pedagogical and Psychological Assistance
1. A School level: initial detection of a student’s problem,
assessment and provision
2. A local Pedagogical Psychological Service: assessment and
evaluation, recommendations for further education and
provision (from 24 in 2003 to 53 in 2005)
3. National Centre for Special Needs Education and Psychology
(established in 1996)
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
Strategy 2003
Legislation (5)
9. State Education Strategy 2003–2012 and the Law on
Education 2003:
To ensure accessibility of all school types to learners with
SEN at environment that meets their needs
10. Law on Education 2011:
SEN – a need for assistance and services in education
process that occurs due to being exceptionally gifted,
having congenital or acquired disorders or
disadvantages in person’s surrounding
Ministry of Education and Science
Strategy 2003
of the Republic of Lithuania
0,50
Students with Disabilities in schools of
Lithuania as % of all 17-24 population
Data sources: National Department of Statistics
0,40
Vocational schools
Colleges
Universities
0,30
0,20
0,10
0,00
2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011
III
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
Strategy 2003
New generation of textbooks 2005
• Look like mainstream
textbooks (cover, topics,
stories, illustrations), but
explanations and tasks are
different
• useful for all students, who
have learning difficulties
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
The main challenges ahead
• To ensure that each graduate teacher has necessary
competencies for dealing with the diverse student body
• To further develop a system of early detection of
special educational needs
• To improve a System of Pedagogical Psychological
Assistance for SEN learners (10 resource centres)
• Further promotion of international cooperation and
cooperation with other ministries and social partners
Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Lithuania
Small secrets of Lithuanian success
National values
Fans
of inclusive education
at the key positions
Schools creativity
American
Professional
Partnership for
Lithuanian
Education
Nordic Council
of Ministers