Transcript Measuring Matter Ch. 1 Sec. 4 Measurement Measurement • measurement - describes the world using numbers – types include… distance, time, speed, volume, mass • estimation -

Measuring Matter
Ch. 1 Sec. 4
Measurement
Measurement
• measurement - describes the
world using numbers
– types include… distance, time,
speed, volume, mass
• estimation - an approximated
measurement based on
experience/comparison
– uses “about”
– estimation is useful when a
measurement is not possible &
can check that an answer is
reasonable
SI Units
• The International System - system of
measurement based on multiples of ten
Prefix
Symbol
Factor
kilo
k
1,000
hecto
h
100
deca
da
10
UNIT
1
deci
d
.1
centi
c
.01
milli
m
.001
SI Units
1
Length
• length - the distance
between two points
– SI unit is the meter (m)
– can be measured with a
metric ruler
– Height, width, and depth
can all be considered
length
2 Volume
• volume - amount of space an
object takes up or occupies
– SI unit is the cubic meter
(m3) or the cubic
centimeter (cm3)
– Volume of Regular Shape:
𝑽 =𝒍×𝒘×𝒉
– Volume of Irregular Shape:
submerge in water and
measure change in water
level (water displacement)
SI Units
3
Mass
• mass - amount of matter
an object contains
– SI unit is the kilogram (kg)
– can be measured using a
balance (triple beam)
– mass is the same on Earth
and in space
4
Weight
• weight - a measure of
the force of gravity on an
object
– SI unit is the Newton (N)
– can be measured using a
scale (spring)
– depends on gravity, thus is
different on Earth and in
space
SI Units
5
Density
• density - the measure of
how much mass is
contained in a given
volume
– typical unit for density of a
solid is g/ cm3 (grams per
cubic centimeter) and for
liquids is g/mL (grams per
milliliter)
– Calculated using this
formula:
𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔
𝑫𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 =
𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆
6
Time
• time - interval between
two events
– SI unit is the second (s)
Metric Conversions
Ladder Method
T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/
Ladder Method
1
2
KILO
1000
Units
3
HECTO
100
Units
DEKA
10
Units
DECI
0.1
Unit
Meters
Liters
Grams
How do you use the “ladder” method?
1st – Determine your starting point.
2nd – Count the “jumps” to your ending point.
3rd – Move the decimal the same number of
jumps in the same direction.
CENTI
0.01
Unit
MILLI
0.001
Unit
4 km = _________ m
Starting Point
Ending Point
How many jumps does it take?
4. __. __. __. = 4000 m
1
2
3
Conversion Practice
Try these conversions using the ladder method.
1000 mg = _______ g
1 L = _______ mL
160 cm = _______ mm
14 km = _______ m
109 g = _______ kg
250 m = _______ km
Compare using <, >, or =.
56 cm
6m
7g
698 mg
Metric Conversion Challenge
Write the correct abbreviation for each metric unit.
1) Kilogram _____
4) Milliliter _____
7) Kilometer _____
2) Meter _____
5) Millimeter _____
8) Centimeter _____
3) Gram _____
6) Liter _____
9) Milligram _____
Try these conversions, using the ladder method.
10) 2000 mg = _______ g
15) 5 L = _______ mL
20) 16 cm = _______ mm
11) 104 km = _______ m
16) 198 g = _______ kg
21) 2500 m = _______ km
12) 480 cm = _____ m
17) 75 mL = _____ L
22) 65 g = _____ mg
13) 5.6 kg = _____ g
18) 50 cm = _____ m
23) 6.3 cm = _____ mm
14) 8 mm = _____ cm
19) 5.6 m = _____ cm
24) 120 mg = _____ g
Compare using <, >, or =.
25) 63 cm
26) 536 cm
6m
53.6 dm
27) 5 g
28) 43 mg
508 mg
5g
29) 1,500 mL
30) 3.6 m
1.5 L
36 cm