Transcript Drug Deterrence: New Policy Recommendations and Best Practices Regional Rules -- 2015 Panel Introductions • David Wyrick – – Faculty Athletics Representative, University of North Carolina,

Drug Deterrence:
New Policy Recommendations and
Best Practices
Regional Rules -- 2015
Panel Introductions
• David Wyrick –
– Faculty Athletics Representative, University of
North Carolina, Greensboro
– Director, Institute to Promote Athlete Health and
Wellness
– Member of NCAA Drug Task Force
• Mary Wilfert
– SSI Staff, administering Drug Ed/Testing Programs
– Liaison to CSMAS
NCAA Drug Policies Reviewed in Task Force
Meetings of July 2013 and April 2014
• Reaffirmed that drug use deterrence and studentathlete health and wellness is the ultimate goal!
• Considered what impact prevention science and
behavioral health research should have on NCAA
drug deterrence efforts:
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Anti-Doping Regulations
Recreational Drug Use intervention
Drug Education
Drug Testing
NCAA Drug Task Force
Recommendations
• Continue to research why student-athletes drink more than other
students.
• Investigate and match interventions to the motivations for use:
– alcohol/recreational drug abuse triggered by social pressures and
anxiety/stress/depression-induced self-medication;
– opiate prescription drug abuse driven by need for pain management;
– stimulant abuse for perceived academic enhancement, for weight
management, for athletic performance enhancement;
– PED use tied to personal moral development, team/coach expectations
and stated disapproval.
Emerging / Re-emerging Drug Issues
• Alcohol Abuse
• Marijuana
• Prescription drugs
– Narcotics (opiates)
– Stimulants
When you drink alcohol, typically how many drinks do you
have in one sitting? (of those who report alcohol use)
Female
Division I
Division II
Division III
More than 4 drinks
31.9%
32.6%
37.8%
10+ drinks
2.4%
3.2%
3.3%
Males
More than 5 drinks
10+ drinks
Division I
Division II
Division III
39.6%
15.5%
39.6%
16.8%
50.4%
20.4%
Recreational Drug Use: high-risk sports
Men’s Sports
Women’s Sports
Highest Users of
Marijuana
Highest Users of
Alcohol
Highest Percent of
Excessive Drinking
MLA
MLA
MLA
MSW
MGO
MWR
MSO
MSW
MBA
WLA
WLA
WLA
WSW
WFH
WFH
WFH
WTE
WSO
Prescription Drug Use 2013
ADHD
Medication
Pain Medication
Year
With Prescription
Without
Prescription
2009
4.5%
6.7%
2013
5.8%
8.8%
2009
13.7%
5.1%
2013
18.0%
5.8%
CSMAS Drug Summit 2014
Identify and recommend
best practice strategies
to deter use of
PEDs and recreational drugs.
CSMAS Recommendations:
Drug Testing and Banned Drugs
• The NCAA has a responsibility to eliminate
cheating from sport, and to assure that youth
does not see the use of PEDs as a means to
obtain athletic excellence and advancement in
intercollegiate competition. . . .
page 10
Question Contemplated by CSMAS:
Should “Recreational Drugs” be included
in NCAA testing, or shifted to institutional
testing and intervention?
• Recreational drugs:
– Alcohol
– Marijuana
– Other illicit drugs
– Prescription drugs
CSMAS Recommendations
• CSMAS reaffirmed that the NCAA has a twofold
responsibility to address drug use by student-athletes:
– to protect the health and safety of college studentathletes;
– to protect the integrity of athletic competition by
preventing cheating.
• CSMAS recommended:
– To eliminate “Street Drugs” as an NCAA banned class and
no longer test for them in NCAA championship testing
– To enhance PED testing
– To support effective institutional level drug deterrence and
intervention.
Why the shift?
Not less attention,
More effective intervention!
We have a moral and ethical obligation to
assure an effective model is in place to
address recreational drug use
NCAA Drug Testing for Marijuana
has not effectively deterred use
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Currently testing only at championships
Punitive sanctions are only NCAA remedy
Has not effectively changed reported use
Cannot effectively intervene for those with
substance use issues
• Prevention science indicates behavioral
interventions to address use/abuse
NCAA Resources
 APPLE Prevention Conferences
 CHOICES Alcohol Education Grants
 Coaches Education- on Hazing Prevention,
Mental Health
 myPlaybook: Online Wellness Promotion
 Sports Medicine Handbook
 SSI Newsletter
 Student-Athlete Drug Policy brochure
 Violence Prevention resources
 PhotovoiceKit
 Prevention Coaching
 Mind Body Sport – Understanding and
Supporting Student-Athlete Mental Wellness
www.ncaa.org/ssi
Now available to the
700 members of
Division III and the
NASPA Small Colleges
and Universities
Division
https://vimeo.com/102759780
NCAA-Sponsored
APPLE Conferences
• APPLE Model created at the University of Virginia in 1991 as a
framework for addressing substance abuse prevention for
student-athletes.
• Disseminated through 2 annual conferences.
• Goal is to empower teams of student-athletes and
administrators to create an institution-specific action plan
– Assess athletics departments’ strengths and weaknesses
in substance abuse prevention.
– Return to campus with specific resources and an
individualized plan for implementing change.
CHOICES Alcohol Education Grants
Engaging Athletics with the Campus Prevention Effort
• provide models of campus collaboration and effective
prevention programming,
• prompt athletics departments to become more formally
involved in addressing an issue that has been identified with
fans, athletic events, and higher reported use among studentathletes,
• demonstrate the value of campus relationships that have
been established and enhanced between athletics and
student affairs!
Addressing Campus Sexual Assault
and Interpersonal Violence
www.ncaa.org/violenceprevention
page 19
Athletics’ Role in Support of Safe and
Healthy Campuses
• Compliance with
Federal Regulations
• Prioritizing Education
and Prevention
• Collaboration with
Campus Experts
www.itsonus.org
www.notalone.gov
Bystander Intervention
• Raise awareness of helping behaviors (why people do or
do not help)
• Increase motivation to help
• Develop skills and confidence when responding to
problematic behaviors
• Ensure the safety and well being of others
www.stepupprogram.org
• Personal narratives
page 22
•
Experts on student-athlete depression, anxiety,
eating disorders, substance abuse, gambling
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Stressors on student-athlete mental health:
transitions, performance, injury, academic stress,
coach relations
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Sexual assault, hazing bullying
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Cultural pressures: African-American studentathletes; Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender
student-athletes
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Roles & responsibilities of sports medicine staff
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Coaches’ needs and roles
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Models of service
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NCAA resources and policies
Generation Rx University Conference
Prescription Drugs and NCAA Student-Athletes: A
panel discussion
• data from the NCAA 2013 Substance Use Study
• spring National SAAC questionnaire
• Panelists discuss concerns and identify strategies
– to raise awareness and
– implement best practices.
page 23
An online suite of evidence-based student-athlete
wellness programming designed to prevent alcohol
and other drug-related harm, reduce sexual assault,
and promote life skills.
myPlaybook AOD Course:
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Introduction
Norms
Expectancies
Harm Prevention
myPlaybook Sexual Assault Module
• Demonstrates that sexual assault is a problem
• Describes what sexual assault looks like
• recognition of signs of abusive behavior
• Provides information on student rights and campus obligations
• Highlights the role of alcohol
• Builds skills related to sexual assault prevention
• communication/language
• seeking consent
• Introduces basic bystander intervention strategies
• risk appraisal
• prepares student-athletes for future training in Step UP!
Consequences
DYNAMIC EXAMPLE:
Consent
DYNAMIC EXAMPLE:
myPlaybook Life Skills
• Stress management
• Resiliency
• Coping strategies
• Transitions
• Physical activity
• Nutrition
• Mental health
• Career planning
Coaches Assist:
Helping coaches to
become facilitators
of student-athlete
well-being
Coaches Believe
•Every student-athlete matters
•Most student-athletes will
respond to clear expectations
about alcohol and drug use
•We must step up and intervene
when needed
•My behavior matters
How To Recognize a Student-Athlete
Needs Help (including emergencies)
How to Voice Your Concerns
and Provide Support
How to Access Campus and
Community Resources
Spirit of Coaches Assist – mindset shift
Moving from “Identify & Fix”  “Guide & Inspire”
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Coaches can be a partner in
the journey
NOT solving the “problem”
Seeing players as whole not
broken
Move away from “players
have questions and coaches
have the answers”
Coaches can be an advocate
for student-athletes
11/6/2015
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What is Photovoice?
Photovoice is a process by which students are invited to take pictures
of strengths, weaknesses, and/or specific issues on their campus
communities.
• Provides an opportunity for students to represent their own
personal viewpoint of their campus through photos and stories;
• Promotes the exchange of ideas about the photos and captions to
create a mutual understanding or critique of why some issues exist;
• Reaches decision makers through public photo exhibit(s) with the
intent of persuading action be taken on the issues identified.
What is PhotovoiceKit?
PhotovoiceKit is a complete web-based toolkit
for carrying out a photovoice project that
combines photography, dialogue, photo exhibits
and social action to address the issues you care
about.
What is PhotovoiceKit?
PhotovoiceKit offers:
• A standardized on-line training platform for learning about
the photovoice method, conducting a project and building
advocacy skills for addressing an important issue.
• A web-portal for uploading photos, adding captions, and
preparing photos for printing and hosting a public photo
exhibit or hosting online photo exhibits;
• An online resource center with opportunities to network
with other campuses engaged in photovoice activities.
The Need for Prevention Coaching
• Many NCAA athletics departments are faced with limited
expertise and resources.
• Implementing effective prevention is a complex endeavor.
• Three pillars of a successful prevention plan: (1) adoption,
(2) quality implementation, and (3) continuous evaluation
of evidence-based programs, practices, and policies.
• Prevention Coaching can support these three pillars
increasing the likelihood of sustainability.
• Athletics departments will be able to create a culture of
health and wellness
– e.g., Promotes care seeking by student-athletes
Prevention Coaching Principles
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Building trust in working relationships
Overcoming biases and misperceptions
Developing common language that all partners understand
True partnership – all contributing and contributions
recognized
– Meeting each other’s needs
– Recognizing the other’s expertise and contributions
• Engaging faculty
• Promoting Education-based athletics
• Adopting student development models and strategies
Plan for Prevention Coaching
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Assess needs
– What are the issues? and What are you doing?
Trouble shoot
– Address identified/perceived barriers and strategize responsive solutions
– Anticipate potential newly emerging barriers and initiate pre-emptive solutions
Develop an outreach plan
– Identify strategic partners and stakeholders
– Define areas of expertise
– Provide stakeholders a primer on athletics culture, resources and needs
Invite collaboration and partnership
– Schedule informal opportunity to get to know potential partners
– Provide them a verbal summary of your vision for a partnership
Select evidence-based programs
– Essential to having meaningful impact.
Evaluate outcomes
Prevention is a Science!
What Works?
You Can Do This!
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Assess needs/problems
Develop specific goals and objectives
Identify best practices
Create a plan of action
Evaluate your efforts
You do not have to create everything from scratch.
There are tools available.
Assess Needs/Problems
• Collaborate across campus
• 360 Proof Campus Assessment
• CORE Survey
Develop Goals & Objectives
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Comprehensive
Sufficient dosage
Theory/Evidence driven
Opportunities for positive relationships
Appropriately timed
Socioculturally relevant
Ongoing feedback
Partner with well-trained staff
Develop Goals & Objectives
• Community
– local police could implement a protocol for notifying college officials of all
alcohol-related violations involving students.
• Institution
– Campus assessment; alcohol-free events; restrict alcohol advertising; require
that residential groups and special event planners provide adequate controls
to prevent alcohol service to underage students.
• Group
– Social norms campaigns; peer education; raising awareness & strategic
planning
• Individual
– Bystander training; evidence-based AOD education; personalized feedback;
training for coaches
Identify Best Practices
• With increasing budgetary concerns campuses
need to look to evidence-based strategies and
not “flash in the pan” or “this is what we have
always done” strategies.
SOCIAL NORMS
EXPECTANCIES
SELF-EFFICACY
VALUES CLARIFICATION
MOTIVES
SKILLS
ATTITUDES
Identify Best Practices
BELIEFS ABOUT CONSEQUENCES
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
GOAL SETTING SKILLS
DECISION MAKING SKILLS
STRESS MANAGEMENT SKILLS
ASSISTANCE SKILLS
Identify Best Practices
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360 Proof
CHOICES
APPLE
Step UP!
Coaches Assist
myPlaybook
Create a Plan of Action
What action do
you want to take?
Action
Action
Action
With whom will you
collaborate?
How will you
connect?
By what date?
What outcome do How will you know if you
you want?
are successful?
Alcohol Use
Evaluate Your Efforts
(The College Effect)
Summer
Start of school
Mid fall
Late fall
Remember …
• Find the right partners
• Sustain the effort
• Avoid single issue approach (e.g., tie to cooccurring behaviors – sexual assault, mental
health, etc.)
• Assess impact
Questions?