Determining Topics and Tabulations Session 5 United Nations Statistics Division Demographic Statistics Section Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing.
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Transcript Determining Topics and Tabulations Session 5 United Nations Statistics Division Demographic Statistics Section Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing.
Determining Topics and
Tabulations
Session 5
United Nations Statistics Division
Demographic Statistics Section
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Outline of Presentation
Outline
o Resolution on 2010 census round
o Objectives of census
Deciding on census content – issues to consider
Deciding on individual census topics – issues to consider
Determining tabulations to produce
National needs vs international comparability
Uses of the data tabulated by different census topics
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Introduction
In 2005 the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)
adopted the resolution on the 2010 World Population and
Housing Census Programme
Resolution recognizes importance of the population and
housing census to preparation of a core set of national data
and information for socio-economic planning and governance
Resolution urges Member States to:
o Carry out a population and housing census
o Disseminate census results
o Provide census results to national stakeholders, UN and other
appropriate intergovernmental organizations
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Introduction (contd.)
Objectives of a census are specific to individual countries
and depend on demand for statistics in the country and on
the content and structure of the national statistical system
The prime role of a census is usually to provide an accurate
count of the total population for each of the administrative
regions of a country
Population and housing censuses provide statistical
information on the demographic, social and economic
characteristics of the population and for small geographical
areas and sub-populations
The key strength of a census is the ability to provide data for
small geographic areas and for small population groups
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Introduction (contd.)
Issues to consider
The census should be considered as part of the larger National
Statistical Programme
When data are not required at the small geographical level and/or
for small geographical populations, other statistical methodologies
more cost-effective than censuses should be adopted
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
On Topics and Tabulations
Census topics represent the subjects regarding which
information is to be sought for each individual, household,
living quarters, and buildings
Tabulations present aggregated statistical information on
social, demographic and economic phenomena needed as a
basis for programmes of economic and social development
and for research purposes
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Deciding on Census Content
Overall content of the census should be decided upon
balanced consideration of:
o National data needs at national and local levels
o Availability of data from other statistical sources
o National Statistical Programme of which census is a part
o Needed level of detail of data in terms of small
geographical/population group
o Constraints of a census for data collection (only limited
number of questions can be asked while sensitive and
complex questions are more suitable for surveys)
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Deciding on Census Content (contd.)
Overall content of the census should be decided upon
balanced consideration of: (contd.)
o Requirement to support legislation and government
programs and policies
o Ensuring historical comparison
o Burden on respondents
o Total national resources available to conduct the census
o Regional and international comparability
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Determination of Census Topics
Broadly speaking, selection of census topics is based on
outputs expected to be produced by the census
Adequate user consultation is, therefore, critical
Each topic should meet some key user requirement
criteria:
o Topic carries strong and clearly defined user need
o Topic is suitable for inclusion in census and there are no
other means than census to collect data on topic
o Data on topic required for small population groups and/or at
detailed geographical levels
o Topic doesn’t differ drastically from previous censuses or can
provide comparison with previous censuses
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Determination of Census Topics (contd.)
User requirement for data by itself not enough
Topic should not be included if:
o It’s sensitive or potentially intrusive, or requires lengthy
explanation to ensure an accurate answer
o It imposes an excessive burden on respondents or seeks
information not readily known or that respondents are
unlikely to remember accurately
o It inquires about opinions and attitudes
o It presents major coding problems or extensive processing
o It results in data that deliberately promote political or
sectarian groups, or sponsor particular causes
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Determination of Census Topics (contd.)
Historical continuation vs change in topics
o Historical continuity offers opportunity for comparison of
changes over time in socio-economic phenomena
o However, avoid collecting information that is no longer
required
o Take into account emerging national social and economic
issues
o Take into account alternative data sources
o Necessary, therefore, (in consultation with users) to review
periodically topics traditionally investigated
Inclusion of new topics requires extensive testing to
ensure successful collection and production of reliable
results
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Determination of Tabulations to Produce
Efforts should be made to publish principal results of the
census as soon as possible after enumeration
Census is not complete until information collected has
been made available to users in a form, and to a
timetable, suited to their needs (tabulations are one of
many products of a census)
Advancements in modern technology have made
production of tabulation much easier and at a relatively
small fraction of overall census cost than before
Although many data users prefer to obtain census
products in electronic media, others still prefer print
media in the form of tabulations
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
National needs vs International Comparability
National and international objectives are usually
compatible
International guidelines enable countries to compare their
results with those of other countries
UN guidelines are based on broad studies of country
experience and practice that have successfully met
general national needs in a wide range of circumstances
UN recommended tabulations are basic and only a guide
National tabulation programme should be developed
taking into account national data needs and resource
available
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Determination of Tabulations – General
Considerations
Careful consideration of variables for inclusion
Content of table responds to the needs of the data users
o Consultation with users
Plans for tabulations should be prepared at same time as
content of questionnaire
o Linking questions to use for the data
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Data Collected on
Geographical and internal migration characteristics
International migration characteristics
Household and family characteristics
Demographic and social characteristics
Fertility and mortality
Educational characteristics
Economic characteristics
Disability characteristics
Housing characteristics
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Uses of Tabulations of the Data by Topic
What follows are examples of uses of the data tabulated
by different census topics
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Geographical and Internal Migration
Characteristics
Data showing minor and major geographical and
administrative divisions necessary for:
o Determining apportionment of legislative representation
o Administrative purposes
o Planning the location of economic and social facilities
Data on internal migration are needed for:
o Preparation of population estimates (together with data on
fertility and mortality) for planning purposes
o Determining policies on migration
o Assessing effectiveness of migration policies
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
International Migration
Data useful for assessment of:
o Movement of persons across national boundaries
o Impact of migration
o Adaptation
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Demographic and Social Characteristics
Age and sex
o Age/sex population distribution/structure of population
o Gender analyses
Marital status
o
Age at first marriage
o
Proportions never married, married, divorced, widowed
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Demographic and Social Characteristics
Religion
Language
Ethnicity
Indigenous peoples
o
Religion, language, ethnicity and indigenous peoples
important for analyses of cultural diversity in the country
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Household Characteristics
Distribution of individuals within households used to
determine the living arrangements of families and
patterns of family structure
Data on number, size and structure of households useful
for planning and for development of policies (children,
elderly, disabled persons)
Relationship between household members useful for:
o Determining family structure
o Composition of households (relatives, non-relatives)
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Fertility and Mortality
Data used for estimates of:
o Current fertility (total fertility rate, age-specific fertility
rates)
o Life time fertility (children ever-born alive)
o Infant and childhood mortality
o Levels and patterns of adult mortality
o Maternal orphanhood
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Educational Characteristics
Data used to monitor:
o Quality of life
o Access to education
o National capacity for economic and social development
o Educational opportunities by gender, age cohorts,
rural/urban residence
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Economic Characteristics
Provides data on:
o Employment, unemployment, underemployment
o Composition and distribution of economically active
population – occupation, industry, functional status,etc.
o Agricultural/non-agricultural activities
o Participation in the informal sector
o Issues of support and dependence
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Disability Characteristics
Data as a basis for:
o Monitoring the social, economic and living conditions of
persons with disabilities
o Development and evaluating effectiveness of policies aimed
at needs of persons with disabilities
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Housing Characteristics
Housing stock
Quality of housing
Land use
Housing needs
Living conditions
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012
Thank you
Workshop on Collection and Dissemination of Socio-economic Data from Population and Housing Censuses
New Delhi, India, 28-31 May 2012