Disaster Management & Flood Control – An Initiative by Pune Municipal Corporation

A Presentation by

Smt. Rajlakshmi Bhosale Mayor, Pune

CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION 2 FLOOD SCENARIO IN PUNE 3 CAUSE AND EFFECT 4 CURRENT FLOOD PROTECTION MEASURES 5 FUTURE ACTION PLAN FOR FLOOD CONTROL & DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Introduction

“Punyanagari The City of Virtuous Deeds”

River and the City

 Pune traces its origins to an agricultural settlement by the name of Punnaka in the 8th century AD; also called Punyapur or Punyanagari, “The City of Virtuous Deeds”  The city is built on the confluence of the three rivers Mutha, Mula and Pavana. These Rivers were believed to have Mythic Cleansing Powers  The Rivers formed the city’s lifeline and no other city in the country can boast of having three Rivers running through it KHADAKWASLA DAM LAKDI PUL BUND GARDEN BRIDGE

Importance

 8th Largest Urban Agglomeration in India  Population – 4.7 million growing @ 6%  Cultural Capital of Maharashtra  ‘Oxford of the East’  ‘Detroit of India’  Rapidly Growing Economy powered by IT, Manufacturing and Services  Twenty bridges cross the river along 27 km of lenght

A Disaster Strikes Pune at 2:00pm on 12

th

July 1961 !!!

Panshet and Khadakwasla Dam Failure results in a Major Flood in the city of Pune

FLOOD SCENARIO IN PUNE

History of Floods in Pune

Discharge in Cumecs 3500.00

3250.00

3000.00

2750.00

2500.00

2250.00

2000.00

1750.00

1500.00

Highest flood record 3211cumecs Panshet Dam Failure (1961) 1250.00

1000.00

750.00

500.00

250.00

0.00

19 40 19 43 19 46 19 49 19 52 19 55 19 58 19 61 19 64 19 67 19 70 19 73 19 76 19 79 19 82 19 85 19 88 19 91 19 94 19 97 20 00 20 03 20 06 Years

Flood Frequency Analysis was conducted for 1940 to 2007 of the maximum discharge data from Khadakwasla

 The 1958 flood with a magnitude of 3211 cumecs is the highest flood recorded.

 The mean annual peak flood is about 1165 cumecs.

 Every decade had recorded one severe flood during the last six decades (1944, 1958, 1961, 1976, 1976, 1983, 1997 and 2005).

 The post 1961 period shows a significant decline in the peak flood magnitudes and increase in the flood variability. This could be attributed to the increased control of dams located on the river, such as Temghar and Varasgaon that were constructed during the post-1961 period.

CAUSE AND EFFECT

Causes

 Reduction in Carrying Capacity of the river  Encroachment in river draining into the rivers and tributaries (nullahs)  Disposal of Debris and solid wastes including plastics  Lack of Remote Rain Gauging and Telemetric Early Warning System

Effects

I.

II.

III.

Displacement of Families in the river banks Destruction of private property on the river banks Destruction of Biodiversity on the river banks IV.

V.

Disruption of Transport and communication systems Destruction of drainage and sewage system VI.

Eroding of river banks VII.

Adverse effect on Public Health

Families Rehabilitated during Floods Year

2004 2005 2006 2007

No. of Families Affected by Floods

1623 5345 5098 200 Source : Slum Department, PMC

Improvement in our Disaster Management Ability has resulted into a large reduction in the number of Flood Affected Families

CURRENT FLOOD PROTECTION MEASURES

Disaster Management Initiative by Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC)

2006 - 2007 PMC embarked upon preparation of a a comprehensive Disaster Management Plan Involving all agencies of the local self government law enforcing agencies, state govt and education institutes MAY 2007 DMP WAS PROMULGATED

Engineering Measures for Disaster Management by Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC)

 Increase in River carrying capacity by  Dredging of 1.50 MCM of silt  Excavated Debris is reused for construction of roads  Protection  Construction of 1.50 km of protection wall to protect 10 major flood prone areas  River flow (reduced afflux)  Removal of an old Stone masonry bund  Removal of central section (100m long and 5 m high) of Bundgarden bund

Organisational Structure for Disaster Management

Khadakwasla Dam flows above 45000 cusec Water level of Mulshi dam start increasing above 1980 ft Irrigation Department Mulshi Collector office Flood control Department

Municipal Commissioner and Police Commissioner work on next action plan

Public Relation officer Media (hourly updates) Pune Municipal Corporation Authority Each hour Municipal Regional Offices Take Action PMT, Road Traffic, health dept etc NGO, Social services Organisation etc

Regional Offices

Organisational Structure …..contd

Officer

Role Played by Regional Offices

Enumeration of rehabilitated people At present 39 Rehab Centres are available Identify rehabilitation places Availability of rooms, water supply and electricity Co ordination with NGOs, helping groups etc Provide Food, sanitation, medicines, drinking water

Benchmarks for Initiation of Disaster Management Plan

Discharge from Khadakwasla

1132.7 cumecs (40000 cusecs) 1415.9 cumecs (50000 cusecs)

Action done

DMP Flood Alert DMP operations initiated

PMC Departments working towards Flood Management

 Fire Brigade Authority  River Improvement and Garden Superintendent Department  Pune Maha Nagarpalika Parivahan Mahamandal Ltd  Health Department  Vehicle Department  Public Relation Department  Education Department  Electricity Department  Irrigation Department



Fire Brigade Authority

Training of experts from this department to other officer for planning & evacuation.

 Evacuation of people and property from site  Supply of various equipment like pumps, cranes, boats etc where ever required  Lifting of collapse articles like fallen trees etc during heavy rains

River Improvement and Garden Superintendent Department

 Desilting of almost 1.50 MCM  Deposition of debris for construction of DP road  Disposal of excess debris at relevant location  Construction of 1.50 km of protection wall which covers almost 10 major flood prone areas

Pune Maha Nagarpalika Parivahan Mahamandal Ltd.

 Release of public transport  Make vehicles available wherever required  Make drivers available  Get updates about traffic diversions and inform it to the drivers.

 Keep stock of fuel and other material required

Health Department

 Make Doctors, Pharmacist, auxiliary nurse etc available.

 Supply medicines  Ambulance

Vehicle Department

 Make wireless vehicles, truck and drivers available  Coordination with fire brigade authorities through these wireless vehicles

Public Relation Department

 At as a communication medium within the government and public  Public awareness  Information to media (press, channels etc)

Education Department

 Make school and college available during floods  Make infrastructure in school available  Teachers and other staff also provide help in this respect

Electricity Department

 As the electric supply is completely damage during floods provide generators to evacuation teams  Provide temporary electric wiring at rehabilitation centers  Provide emergency lamps

Irrigation Department

 Control discharge at each of the dams  Supply flood update to Flood control department of PMC

FUTURE ACTION PLAN FOR FLOOD FORECASTING & DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Salient Features

1.

Installation of Remote Rain Gauging, level gauging and telemetry system for early warning to control peak discharge from Khadakwasla to within during the rainy season 50,000 Cusecs 2.

Prevent encroachment of the river and streams by declaration of Biodiversity Restoration Zones along the banks 3.

Use of Gabions/Reno Mattresses on river banks for stabilisation and allow percolation of water

Mapping and Delineation of the flood-prone area by use a probability based analysis wherein systematic records and historical information on past flooding are used to develop a relation of probability of occurrence versus magnitude.

Development Zone Development Zone Designation of Floodway (River Channel) and High Flood Level Components

 Comprehensive Non Structural Flood Management System  The proposed system can be divided into three important sub systems viz.

 Telemetry System  Management Information System  Decision Support System

 Telemetry System

data

such as

gathers hydrological and meteorological

 Rain fall data from rain-gauge stations in the catchment  Water level data from river gauge stations  Reservoir level data from level sensors installed at the reservoirs  Data is gathered without any human intervention  Collected data is then presented to the

Management Information System and the Decision Support System

 Based on the received data and conditions/parameters/rules the system computes required for controlling discharge of water the pre-fed information

Conclusions

Our experience of PMC has shown that initiative by the local self governing body can control & reduce the magnitude of disaster and effectively manage a disaster