Transcript Statistics Finland as the national authority for Finland’s national greenhouse gas inventory – experiences and future challenges UNECE Meeting on Climate Change Statistics Geneva,

Statistics Finland as the national authority for
Finland’s national greenhouse gas inventory –
experiences and future challenges
UNECE Meeting on Climate Change Statistics
Geneva, 19 – 20 November 2012
Riitta Pipatti
Contents
Greenhouse gas inventory
 Reguirements, methodologies and use
 Statistics Finland as national entity
 Pros and cons for developing the inventory at the statistical
offiec
 advantages of close collaboration with the energy and
others statistics
 QA/QC and verification issues
 Confidentiality issues
 Future challenges

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Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Inventory
Reporting consistent with requirements under
 United Nations Framework Convention (UNFCCC) (revised
guidelines from 2015 submission onwards)
 Kyoto Protocol – supplementary reporting
 EU GHG monitoring mechanism decision (under revision =>
regulation)
 Methodologies from the Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC)
 Annual comprehensive UNFCCC and KP reviews, 2012 and from
2016 and 2022 also EU comprehensive reviews
 GHG inventory data – basis for assessing compliance with emission
reductions commitments (KP, EU) and pledges (UNFCCC)

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Finland’s national GHG inventory system
Greenhouse Gas Inventory, based on the
Law of Statistics, protocols, agreements
and contracts
Administrative
data sources
Environmental
permits
Emission
trading registry
Finnish Forest
Research
Institute
Finnish
Environment
Institute
Land use change
and forestry
Agrifood
Research
Finland
Agriculture and
Land use change
F-gases
Waste
Statistics Finland
National Entity
Energy, Industrial processes
Other
Annual inventory
submissions to EU,
UNFCCC and Kyoto
Protocol
Transport
VTT Technical Research Centre
of Finland
Advisory Board:
Relevant ministries, the Energy Market Authority,
Finnish Environment Institute, Finnish Forest Research
Institute and Agrifood Research Finland
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Statistics Finland – national authority
GHG inventory abides to the principles, rules and modalities of
 UNFCCC/KP, TCCCA – transparency, consistency,
comparability, completeness and accuracy) and
 Official statistics and Statistics Finland – UN principles, EU
Code of Practice (impartiality, transparency, confidentiality,
coherence, relevance, accuracy, reliability, timeliness, …)
 Mostly the ”main principles” the same under both regimes,
exceptions
 Confidentiality – need agreements with companies or have to
aggregate GHG reporting of specific categories at higher level
than required by UNFCCC, cannot publish unit-specific
informations published elsewhere
 Efficiency, relevance and accuracy – requirements by
UNFCCC/KP require us to address also ”insignificant issues”

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The energy sector in the Finland’s GHG inventory –
inventory year 2010
Waste
3%
Energy industries
50%
Agriculture
8%
Energy
81%
Solvent and
Manufacturing industries
and construction
other
16%
product use
Transport
0.1%
22%
Industrial
processes
8%
Households, services etc.
8%
Fugitive
0.3%
Other
2%
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Pros and cons for inventory being at the statistical office

GHG inventory and energy statistics
 Energy sector calculations done in close collaboration with
energy statistics
 Common database, but partly parallel processes due to
differences in data sources (historical reasons, coherence
in reporting emissions of different gases – only CO2
emissions can be calculated based on basic energy data)
 No additional data collection for the GHG inventory –
access to data collected for energy statistics and energy
statistics have access to data processed by the GHG
inventory - better coverage of point sources, QA and
verification (mutual benefit)
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Pros and cons for inventory being at a statistical office
GHG inventory and energy statistics – QA/QC
 Comparision of sectoral (bottom-up, SA) and reference (top-down,
RA) approaches a key QA measure for GHG inventory
 Early access to tables on fuels use and relevant detailed
background data – time to explore differences, identify errors and
gaps
 Energy balance – timetable and contents take the needs of the
GHG inventory into account
 Times series of the difference between the SA and RA show a
declining trend (2010: 0.3%)


Comparison with international energy data (IEA, Eurostat)
 Energy statistics timeseries not updated as frequently and
for the same years as in the inventory – comparability
issues
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Pros and cons for inventory being at the statistical office

GHG inventory, energy statistics and EU ETS
 Different rules, coverage and classifications increase work but
have their justifications in many cases
 Collaborate with Energy Market Authority (responsible for the
national registry, monotoring of EU ETS data, etc.) on regular
basis
 Sharing knowledge and expertise (”coffee break discussions”)
helps to understand differences in ”numbers” and enhances
coherence/consistency of the published information
 Helps us to reduce difference were not necessary
 We are able to explain the differences to policy makers,
media and others
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Pros and cons for inventory being at the statistical office

GHG inventory and other statistics
 Comparisons with waste statistics (waste amounts,
composition and treatment)
 PRODCOM – data on industrial production, sometimes
the only source, sometimes only used for verification
 Provide data for environmental accounts
 NAMEA – enables combining emissions data with
economic data, and e.g. analyses on how different
economic activites are affected by emission reduction
measures, etc.
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Future

EU Effort Sharing Decision (binding targets for the non-ETS
sector from 2013 to 2020)
 Non-ETS emissions calculated as the difference between
the national total emissions from the GHG inventory and
the ETS data from the emissions trading registry
 Harmonisation of inventory data and EU ETS important
– full harmonisation not possible due to different rules
and modalities
 New EU regulations for reporting GHG emissions to
the Commission – more comparisons with other EU
reporting, including EU ETS, energy statistics,
CLRTAP, …
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Future challenges
2nd commitment period for the Kyoto Protocol – to start
2013?
 New comprehensive international climate agreement – to
start 2020?
 New UNFCCC reporting guidelines for GHG inventories
 Energy balances to be attached to reporting


Statistics Finland – aiming towards an integrated system
for producing energy statistics and GHG energy inventory
 enhance coherence, enhance efficiency
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Thank you!
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