Regional Workshop on the 2010 World Programme on Population and Housing Censuses Minsk, 8-12 December 2008 Review of Core topics in the Conference of.
Download ReportTranscript Regional Workshop on the 2010 World Programme on Population and Housing Censuses Minsk, 8-12 December 2008 Review of Core topics in the Conference of.
Regional Workshop on the 2010 World Programme on Population and Housing Censuses
Minsk, 8-12 December 2008
Review of Core topics in the Conference of European Statisticians Recommendations for the 2010 Censuses of Population and Housing
Paolo Valente
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Statistical Division
Number of topics in 2000 and 2010 CES Rec.
Type of topics
Core topics, of which: - population core topics - housing core topics Non-core topics, of which: - population non-core topics - housing non-core topics
2000 42
29 13
62
46 16
2010 38
24 14
71
54 17
Diff.
-4
-5 +1
+9
+8 +1
Population topics: Place of usual residence
Definition of Place of usual residence
Place where a person
has lived
for a continuous period of at least before census day
12 months
OR
Place where a person
has arrived 12 months
before census day during the with the
intention
of staying for at least
12 months
Population topics Place of usual residence (cont.)
Same as one of the two definitions proposed in
Principles and Recommendations
New compared to past recommendations:
• Time threshold of
12 months
• Concept of “
Intention of staying
” selected people for
Population topics Place of usual residence - Intention “Intention of staying”
The intention should be considered only for persons who arrived in the place of residence in the 12 months before the census
How should the “intention of staying” be taken in consideration?
Population topics Place of usual residence – Intention (cont.) “Intention of staying”
Example: At the time of the census a person is residing in place B, where he/she moved from place A four months before the census: To determine the place of residence of this person, we have to consider his/her
“intention”
Population topics Place of usual residence – Intention (cont.)
CASE 1: If the person has intention to stay in B for a total period of less than 12 months and then plans to return to place A: Then
place A
is the place of usual residence at the time of the census (temporary absence)
Population topics Place of usual residence – Intention (cont.)
In ALL OTHER CASES, the place of usual residence at the time of the census is place B Including:
CASE 2: If the person has intention to stay in B for a total period of 12 months or longer:
Population topics Place of usual residence – Intention (cont.) …and also:
CASE 3: If the person has intention to stay in B for a total of less than 12 months and then plans to move to a different place C:
Place B
(where found at census time) is the place of usual res.
Population topics Place of usual residence – Intention (cont.)
Why was the “intention” of staying introduced in the definition?
To make sure that everybody has one and only one place of usual residence
Population topics Place of usual residence
Difficult application for…
Persons living
in more than one residence Persons working away
from home during the week
Students who are studying away
from home Children who
alternate between two households Persons living in institutions
Persons in compulsory
military service
Population topics Place of usual residence
Place of usual residence of:
Persons living in more than one residence Children who alternate between two households Is the place where the person spends
the majority of the time
(general principle)
Population topics Place of usual residence
EXCEPTIONS:
Place of usual residence of:
Persons working away
during the week from home
Primary and secondary students studying away
from home Is the
family home
, even if they don’t spend there the majority of the time
Population topics Place of usual residence
Place of usual residence of:
Tertiary (university) students studying away
from home Is where they spend or intend to spend the majority of time (
term-time address
)
Population topics Place of usual residence
Why differentiate primary-secondary and tertiary students?
For the different link with the family home
BUT……
If the place of education is within the country, then the family home could be considered as place of usual residence for all students, including tertiary students
Population topics Place of usual residence
Place of usual residence of:
Persons living in institutions
If they are staying (or have intention to stay) there for more than 12 months, then it is the institution . Otherwise, the family home.
Population topics Place of usual residence
There are people who do not have a place of usual residence because move frequently and do not make up the 12 months rules (such as
homeless
) The place of usual residence of these persons is
the place where they are enumerated
Every person should have one and only one place of usual residence
Population topics Place of usual residence
Temporary absent persons:
• Persons who are usually resident in the enumeration place but are absent at the time of the census for
less than 12 months
should be
included
IMPORTANT:
Persons who have been away or intend to be away for
more than 12 months
should be
excluded
Long-term emigrants should be excluded
Population topics Total population (derived topic)
•
Count of total usually resident population, including:
•
persons who are usually resident and present, and persons who are usually resident but temporarily absent
Population topics Total population (derived topic)
How to treat special cases?
Refugees Asylum seekers Illegal immigrants
The 12-month rule applies as for the rest of the population, regardless of legal status!!!
Population topics Total population (derived topic)
•
EXCEPTIONS:
Defense and diplomatic personnel and their family who are nationals but are located outside the country
Included
•
Foreign defense and diplomatic personnel and their family living in the country
Excluded
Migration characteristics
• New general framework • Definition of relevant population groups – Foreign-born – Foreigners – Descendants of foreign-born – Ever-international migrants – Internal migrants
Migration characteristics
4 core topics to satisfy growing demand for data on migration: – Country/place of birth
Data on foreign-born
• Place of birth, or • Place of residence of mother at the time of the birth – Country of citizenship
Data on foreigners
• Collect information on dual or multiple citizenship • Collect information on stateless persons
Migration characteristics
– Ever resided abroad and year of arrival in the country
Data on ever-international migrants
(upgrading of “Year of immigration into the country”, non core topic in 2000 rec.) – Previous place of usual residence and date of arrival
in the current place
Data on internal migration
(development of “Place of usual residence one year prior to the census”, core topic in the 2000 rec.)
Ethno-cultural characteristics
• High relevance in the context of migration, integration, minority policies • 3 non-core topics: – Ethnicity – Language – Religion • Free and open declaration of the respondents is essential • Appropriate data security and disclosure control measures have to be put in place
Ethnicity and Religion Practical aspects
• Questionnaires should always include open boxes (not precoded) to allow small groups to identify • Respondents should be allowed to indicate « none » or « not declared » • For ethnicity: Respondents should be free to indicate more than one ethnic affiliation or a combination of two
Economic topics The main objective of collecting economic characteristics in the census is to classify the population according to
Activity Status
:
POPULATION
Inactive Population Active Population
EMPLOYED STUDENT UNEMPLOYED PENSION / OTHER HOUSEWORK OTHER
Activity Status
Economically active population Not economically active (inactive) population
Persons who provide the supply of labour, as employed or as unemployed, for the
production
of goods and services Persons who are not economically active: Persons who produce services for own consumption Persons who do not produce any good or service
Activity Status
What is the time-span to consider if the person is engaged in the “production”?
Short reference period: one week or one day
Current activity status (core in CES Rec.)
Long reference period: one year Usual activity status (non-core)
I.
Activity status: Employed and unemployed
Employed Unemployed
II.
Persons who
performed work
for pay or profit, in cash or in kind Persons who were temporarily absent from a job in which they had already worked and to which they maintain a formal attachment, or from a self-employed activity such as a farm, a business enterprise or a service undertaking (paras 241 244) • • • Persons who are: Without work (not in wage employment or self employed), Currently available for work, and Seeking work
Current Activity Status
How to assess the current activity status in the census questionnaire?
There are different practices, with different types of questions
Important: How questions are asked matters!
Measurement of Current Activity Status: standard approach
Have you worked?
No Temporary absent?
Yes Employed Information on job: occupation, status, ….
Yes No Looking for work?
Ready to take up work?
Yes Unemployed Non active
No
Measurement of Current Activity Status: standard approach Example: UK
Last week, were you doing any work as employee, self employed or in your own/family business?
…followed by other questions on number of hours worked, type of work done, etc.
Measurement of Current Activity Status: standard approach Example: Canada
Last week, how many hours did you/this person spend working for pay or in self employment? Include: Working for wages, salary, tips or commission; Working in your/his/her own business, farm or professional practice, alone or in partnership Working directly towards the operation of a family farm or business without formal pay arrangements (e.g. assisting in seeding, doing accounts) Number of hours None
Measurement of Current Activity Status: standard approach Shortcoming: When asked about
work
, people tend to exclude non-formal work Some prompts can be added:
Did you sell food or snacks at the market/bus stop/school?
Did you sell food from home?
Did you sew for pay?
Measurement of Current Activity Status: alternative approach Example: Ireland • • • • • • • •
How would you describe your present principal status?
Working for payment and profit Looking for first regular job Unemployed Student or pupil Looking after home Retired from payment Unable to work Other
Employed Unemployed Not active
Measurement of Current Activity Status DISCOURAGED approach: Source of income/livelihood
Source of income (persons with more then one source, specify each source). A box is reported at the end of the question to specify the main source
Salaried employment 1. At an enterprise, organization, institution 2. In a farm 3. For individuals (including rendering household services ) 4. Employer Non-salaried employment Owners of enterprises, farms 8.Scholarship 9. Pension 10. Benefits and allowances (excluding unemployment benefits) 11. Unemployment benefits 12. Other type of State maintenance 13. Income from property 14. On the dependence 15. Other sources 5. On individual basis at family enterprise 6. Unpaid at farms 7. Personal subsidiary plots
Main source of income/livelihood (non-core topic)
CES Recommendations:
The “main source of livelihood” is a useful concept to complement the measurement of the economically active population and of status in employment. However, it is according to activity status.
NOT suitable
for the measurement of economic activity status and should not be used to classify the population
Beyond the Activity Status Classification
Other core topics on economic characteristics: • Occupation • Industry • Status in employment Information on these topics should be collected for: • Employed • Unemployed (on the basis of the last job)
Selected other population topics in CES Rec.
• Disability – New non-core topic in CES Rec.
– Core topic in Principles and Rec.
• Agriculture (new non-core topic) – Own account agriculture production (household level) – Characteristics of all agriculture jobs during the last year (individual level)
Housing topics – Highlights of changes in 2010 CES Recommendations
New framework: Types of housing
Conventional dwellings Other housing units Collective living quarters Homeless with no place of u.r.
Occupied conv . dwel .
Seasonal & sec . dwel .
Other vacant dwel.
Most core topics refer ONLY to housing units (occupied conv. dwellings and other housing units)
Housing topics – Highlights of changes in 2010 CES Recommendations
New core topic: • Housing arrangements – All persons should be classified in these categories:
(1.0) (2.0) Persons with usual res. in a conventional dwelling Persons with usual res. in an other housing unit (3.0) Persons with usual res. in a collective living quarter (4.0) Persons who are not usual residents in any living quarter category, such as homeless or other people moving between temporary accommodations
Housing topics
For core topics:
• Water supply system • Toilet facilities
Differences between classifications in CES Rec. and Principles and Recommendations
WHO recommended using classification proposed in Principles and Recommendations