DEVELOPMENT OF GIS APPLICATION – INDIA EXPERIENCE UNEGM on Census Mapping New York : 30th May 2007 C.
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DEVELOPMENT OF GIS APPLICATION – INDIA EXPERIENCE
UNEGM on Census Mapping New York : 30th May 2007 C. CHAKRAVORTY Office of the Registrar General, India New Delhi
Contents
o o o o o
Indian Census – Brief background Rural – Urban frame for census GIS database design Using digital geographic database for dissemination Development of GIS application
CensusInfo India Punjab GIS Internet Census GIS India
2
Indian Census – Brief background
o
First synchronous census held in 1881
o
Census 2001 was the 14 th in this uninterrupted series
o
Adopted extended de-facto method (or enumerating persons normally residing in the household during the enumeration period)
o
Census held in two phases: House-listing Operations … (April to June 2000) Population Enumeration … (9th to 28th February 2001)
3
Indian Census – Brief background
o
Unit of enumeration in Census is the Enumeration Block (EB) allotted to an Enumerator
o
Curved out on the basis of population size, an EB comprises of about 120 – 150 households or about 500 to 750 persons
o
2 million Enumerators were deployed for 2001 Census. Mostly primary school teachers.
4
Preparing Rural – Urban Frame
o
Before census, a complete list of administrative units (e.g., state, district, sub-district, towns and villages) is finalized to ensure full coverage
o
To achieve this, instructions are issued before census to ban creation of new administration units
o
This allows finalizing list of villages and towns and prepare the frame for census.
5
Administrative Hierarchy
Country State (35) District (593) Sub-district (5,463) C D Block (6,406) Town (5,161) Ward Village (0.6 million)
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2001 Census Coding Scheme
o
Unique code is allotted to each state, district, sub-district, town, village and EB
o
State/UT
o
District ….
….
2 digits 2 digits (within the country) (within the state /UT)
o
Sub-district …. 4 digits (within the district)
o
Village ….
8 digits (within the state/ UT )
o
Town ….
8 digits (within the district)
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Coding Scheme
o
Permanent Location Code Number (PLCN) assigned to each and every village in the country for the first time in 2001 Census
o
PLCNs would remain unchanged in future censuses
o
PLCNs are unique within the state
o
PLCN would allow easy:
Updating village list
Recasting in case of re-organization Time series analysis.
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#
00000100
# 002
F ro m G ud ur N H 5
Aram bakk am # B 003 PO X 028
From Saty ave du
# 029 # 027 062 #
F ro m U th u kk o tt a i
# 005 # 004 # 025 022 # Madaharpak kam B PO S # 023 PO 030 PO 024 # # 026 # 031 061 # B X 063 # 032 # 060 # 064 PO # 006 PO 021 # 007 # B # PO 020 # PO 008 # 009 010 S # PO # 011 # 016 # 019 PO 018 # B 037 # Peddik uppam # 038 # S 36 PO # 017 PO 039 # Theruali # 014 # 015 # 040 013 # 041 # PO # 042 012 # # 043 # PO 033 034 # 035 # 034 PO B # 059 # 057 058 # 056 PO 076 # # 055 # 077 049 054 # 053 # PO # TO S
I
048
GUMMIDIPOONDI
B 051 047 # # 050 052 # 060 069 068 # # 070 # 065 PO # 066 069 # 069 071 # 072 # # 075 074 # 078 #
A r a n i R i v e r
° 073 # 079 # PO 080 Kilm udalam bedu # PO S TO
To Ponn eri
#
00008100
PO
F m C h en n a
044 # # 046
0001
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GIS Database Design
Integration of GIS technology in Census Mapping
o o o
GIS introduced in Indian Census in 1992 Such software, as, ArcInfo, ArcView and ArcGIS have been extensively used About 60 skilled professionals are engaged in GIS related work in 17 centres located in different parts of the country.
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GIS Database Design
Pre-Census mapping
o
Maps showing jurisdictional boundaries are updated by incorporating changes before every census and used for pre census work
o
This work takes about three years to complete.
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Updating the maps
INDIA (States/UTs) INDIA (Districts) State/UT (Districts) -35 DISTRICT-593 (Sub districts) TOWNS-5,161 (Wards) SUB-DISTRICT 5,463 (Village) WARDS (Charge)
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Uttaranchal
India Newly Created States During 1991-2001
Jharkhand Chhattisgarh
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India New Districts During 1991-2001
Newly created districts 127
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Tamil Nadu Chennai- New Areas During 1981-91
New Areas During 1981-91
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GIS Database Design
Stored as separate layers
o o o o o o o
India: Showing States/Union Territories India: Showing Districts India: Showing Sub-Districts States: Showing Sub-Districts District: Showing Sub-Districts Sub-District: Showing Village locations or Village boundaries District: Showing Village locations or Village boundaries
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Post Census Mapping
o o o
After the census various types of thematic maps portraying census and house listing data are prepared at country, state, district, sub district level These maps are used in checking the quality of census data before publishing the results by comparing 1991 and 2001 Census data Extensive use of maps have been made using PowerPoint presentations while sensitizing the data users with the 2001 Census results.
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Post Census Mapping
o o o o o o o o o o o
List of Publications: Census Atlas - National Volume Population Atlas - National Volume Census Atlases of each State and Union Territory District Census Hand Book maps Tribal Atlas of India.
Administrative Atlas of India Administrative Atlases of States and Union territories Language Atlas of India Housing Atlas of India Map Profile 2001 – India, State and Union Territories Preparation of 593 District maps of the country showing villages
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Child Sex Ratio in Age Group 0-6 (India by Districts)
A
1991
A
The 1991 Census was not held in J & k CHILD SEX RATIO 800 AND BELOW 801 - 850 851 - 900 901 - 950 ( N.A. - 927) 951 - 1000 1001 AND ABOVE
A A
2001
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Households Using Electricity for Lighting (1981-2001) (India by States) 1981 1991 2001
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Female Literacy Rate (1981-2001) (India by Districts) 1981 1991 2001
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Digital Database for Dissemination
o o o
Indian Census has been a major supplier of map products in the country – both in print form and in digital form.
With revision in policy it has now become possible to disseminate digital database Users could be categorized into three groups:
Users who want to procure geographic database for developing their own applications
Users who would like to use a pre-packaged database product developed by the Census Organisation and
Users who would like to view thematic maps in the form of static pages
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Digital Database for Dissemination
o o o o
Census Organisation meets the need of all the three category of users Digital database are procured by large business houses, software developers for preparing GIS applications for use Census Organisation releases pre-packaged GIS products on selected census themes, which allow certain degree of interactivity both in CD as well on the Internet Static thematic maps are also disseminated in print and also made available on the census website.
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Development of GIS Applications
o o o o
Before any GIS application is developed, it is important to keep in mind the target users and their need Too much information should not be packed in one application Care should be taken to make the application focused and user-friendly Need for development would usually arise by regular interactions with the data users over a period of time.
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GIS Applications developed by Census
o
CensusInfo India (on CD)
o
Census GIS Punjab (on CD and Internet)
o
Census GIS India (on Internet)
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Development of CensusInfo India
o o o o
First application developed by Census Based on ChildInfo software developed by UNICEF CensusInfo India allows generation of maps up to sub-district level Steps involved include:
Finalizing geographic database
Finalizing attribute database
Integration of the two using GIS software
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Development of CensusInfo India
o o
CensusInfo allows extraction of data in the form of tables, drawing graphs and charts and generating thematic maps CensusInfo covered the following subjects:
Demographic Economic Education Housing Amenities available Assets available
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CensusInfo India Home Page
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Prepared by using CensusInfo India Gender Gap in Literacy India by Districts 2001 Census
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Households Owning Television North Eastern India by Sub-districts Prepared by using CensusInfo India
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Development of Census GIS Punjab
o o
Objective of developing Census GIS Punjab module was to empower District Administration to identify less developed regions to allow directing resources to these areas for development The module allows generating thematic maps:
At village level
Search based on a simple and even complex query
Presenting resultant outputs in MS Word and MS Excel format.
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Census GIS India – Punjab Home Page
32
Development of Census GIS Punjab
Data Content:
o o o
On housing, household amenities and assets up to village level On population, number of literates and literacy rates, type and category of workers, etc. up to village level On amenities and infrastructural facilities available in villages
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Development of Census GIS Punjab
Preparation:
o
Data content finalized as per given format
o o o
Geographic digital databases of Punjab by districts, sub-districts and villages given to software developer Software developer integrated the two and produced the module for dissemination on CD Selection of suitable software for producing GIS application is difficult.
34
Census GIS Punjab Template
35
Proportion of Agricultural Labourers – Fatehgarh Sahib District : Punjab
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Low Child Sex Ratio ( Less than 750 females per thousand males) in three Punjab Districts Amritsar Kapurthala Firozepur
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Census GIS India on Internet
o o o o
Features:
o
Extends the facility of preparing thematic maps on Census subjects on the web Large variety of data made available Maps up to Sub-district level Absolutely free Output maps generated by the users could be used in reports and presentations.
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Census GIS India on Internet
Data Content:
o o o o o o o
Population Houses, household amenities and assets Religion Age and marital status Economic status Disability Literacy and education
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Census GIS on Internet Home Page http://www.censusindiamaps.net
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Census GIS India on Internet Template
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Poor Literacy Rate (Less than 50%)
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Demonstration
o
CensusInfo India
o
Census GIS Punjab
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…. Thank you
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