Transcript CO2 emissions from Transport services : Calculation and declaration Benjamin Collin Directorate General for Infrastructures, Transport and the Sea 26-27 September 2013 French Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable.

CO2 emissions from Transport services :
Calculation and declaration
Benjamin Collin
Directorate General for
Infrastructures, Transport
and the Sea
26-27 September 2013
French Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable development and Energy
www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr
Transport GHG Emissions in France
 Transport GHG emissions in France : 133 MteqCO2 in 2011
(international transport not included)
 27 % of total GHG emissions in France, first economic sector in
terms of GHG emissions
 A steady growth between 1990 and 2005, slightly decreasing now
Source :
French
Climate
Action
Plan, 2011
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A Major Issue for The Reduction of GHG
Emissions
 the share of transport in total emissions is going to increase
Evolution scheduled
in a business as usual
(BAU) scenario
without new
political measure
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National Targets (France)
 Grenelle laws for environment (August 2009 and July 2010)
 For the transport sector :
 Reduction of 20 % of GHG emissions in 2020 (bringing them back to
1990-level)
 Promotion of motorways of the sea and rail motorways
 Construction of new high speed lines
 Development of urban public transport (new dedicated lines)
 For information on GHG emissions
 Information on the environmental impact of products
 Information on GHG emissions of public entities (state activity and
local authorities) and private companies
 Information on CO2 emissions from transport services
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France Targets for GHG Emissions
 Global target
 A worldwide reduction of 50 % to restrict global warming to 2°C
 French President declared that France would argue for an ambitious
target of a 40% reduction in greenhouse gases by 2030 and of 60%
by 2040 (from 1990 levels)
 National targets
 A reduction of 75 % (factor 4)
 For the transport sector, the reduction needed has been evaluated
to about 65 % (Centre for strategic analysis- December 2011)
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Information on Transport Services CO2
Emissions
 Work initiated in 2008
 Creation of an Observatory for energy and environment in
transport
 Review of existing methods for CO2 calculation in transport (ecocomparator, calculation on a voluntary basis)
 The final version of the standard will be published in early 2013
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Information on Transport Services CO2
Emissions – The French regulation
 Article L. 1431-3 of the transport code
 “ Public or private persons organising or selling a transport
service for passengers, goods or moving purposes have to
provide to the beneficiary of the transport service the quantity of
carbon dioxide emitted by the means of transport used. »
 The decree enforcing this article was published on the 25th of
October 2011
 The ministerial orders giving the details for the application of
the decree were published in April 2012
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Information on Transport Services CO2
Emissions
 Main characteristics
 CO2 emissions only (CEN standard allows for all GHG emissions)
 Information has to be given by every person or entity in charge of
organizing or selling transport services
 All modes of transport are concerned (aviation, maritime, road,
rail, urban transport and inland waterways)
 Trips taken into account : at least a departure or an arrival in
France, the international part of the journey is also included
 No exclusion for « small » services (packages deliveries, cabs)
 All loaded and empty trips are taken into account
 Mandatory information
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Scope of Emissions
 Processes included
 Vehicles processes (tank-to-wheels)
 Energy processes (well-to-tank)
 For fuels : cultivation, refining, transformation, transport and
distribution of energy
 For electricity : extraction and transport of primary energy,
transformation, power generation, losses in electricity grid
 Processes not included
 Short term assistance to the vehicle for movement security
reasons (tugboats in harbor, aircraft tractors in airports, …)
 Transhipments or cargo movement or passengers movement by
external handling, transhipment or movement devices
 Processes at the administrative level (operation of buildings,
personnel movement, computer systems, …)
 Vehicles construction, maintenance and scrapping ; transport
infrastructures construction, service, maintenance and
dismantling
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Methodology for Calculation
 Identification of the different legs of the transport service
 Leg : section of a route within which the cargo or the passenger is
carried with a given vehicle
 Calculation of CO2 emissions for each leg
 Sum of the results for each leg
A
truck
Leg 1
B
train
Leg 2
C
truck
D
Leg 3
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Emissions for a Leg: Measurement Unit
 The calculation is done for a given vehicle which is used to realize
several transport services
 For the calculation, a measurement unit has to be chosen for each
prestation share assessment
 For passenger transport : passenger x kilometer, …
 For freight transport : ton x kilometer, m3 x kilometer or kilometer,
…
 For mix transport (passenger and freight) : ton x kilometer
(aviation), number of decks (maritime, ropax), …
A
20
20 tt
truck
100 km
2 000 t.km
B
3030
t t
truck
1010t t
truck
C
200 km
+ 6 000 t.km
D
50 km
+
500 t.km
=
8 500 t.km
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Categories of Values
 The following categories of values, given by order of preference,
may be used :
 Specific measured values
 Transport operator vehicle-type or route-type specific values
 Transport operator fleet values
 Default values (for small companies or when data is not available)
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Methodology for Calculation
 Main formula (which can be adapted) :
Number of units
transported for
the service
Number of
Kilometric
kilometers
x
x Emission
consumption x for the
factor
rate
service
Average number
of units transported
in the vehicle
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An Order defines the reference values
Illustration : Emission factors (in kg CO2 by unit of energy source)
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An Order defines the reference values
Illustration : Default values for road transport
Description (depending on the
Number of units carried in the
nature of vehicle and the type of
transport means (2)
transport provided) (1) indicating
the source (s) of energies used (s)
Light-duty vehicle - 3.5 tonnes
GVW (permitted gross vehicle
weight)
Express
Diesel fuel
Straight truck - 19 tonnes
GVW
Express
Diesel fuel
0.46 tonnes
Consumption rate of the
energy source of transport
means (in unit of
measurement of the amount
of energy source per
kilometer) (3)
0.160 litre / km
2.50 tonnes
0.270 litre / km
Articulated vehicle combination40 tonnes
GCW (gross combination weight)
Shipping service
Diesel fuel
6.00 tonnes
0.342 litre / km
Articulated vehicle combination40 tonnes
GCW
General cargo / Long-distance
Diesel fuel
Straight truck - 45 cubic meters
Removal
Diesel fuel
12.50 tonnes
0.342 litre / km
15.80 cubic meters
0.270 litre / km
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Example

Vehicle used
 Consumption rate : 34 litres per km

Quantification of units transported
 Mass (tons)

Average number of units transported in the vehicle
 15 tons (for a vehicle capacity of 25 tons)

Description of the service :
 Distance : 400 km
 Transported units : 5 tons

Emission factor : 3,07 kgCO2 per litre (diesel) (data given in a ministerial
order)
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Calculation
Values specific to
the service
5t
0,34 l / km x 400 km x
x 3,07 kgCO
2
/ l = 139 kg CO
2
15 t
Values specific
to the company or
given by order
Values given
by order
Information given to the beneficiary
A guideline is available since October 2012 with explanation on general
rules and examples for diversified transport activities (34 examples)
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Communication of CO2 Information
 CO2 emissions from well-to-wheels and possibly also from
well-to-tank and tank-to-wheels
 According to circumstances, information will have to be
given before or after the fulfillment of the transport service
 In some cases, a simplified communication will be possible
: for example, for public transport (subway ticket without
origin nor destination)
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Conclusions
 First step towards detailed information on CO2 emissions from
transport services
 For international trips : a strong need for harmonised information
 Implementation is different depending on the type of service
 Data collected will also be very dependent on chosen information
category, meaning fleixibility for professionals
 In addition to CO2 information, many other applications may be
developed to help the companies or the local authorities to reduce
their transport services CO2 emissions
 In addition to data gathering, there is a need for specialised
softwares (information, support for reduction action plans, ecodriving, …)
 Encompassing all GHG is under scrutiny
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France hosts COP2015
 France will host and preside over the 2015 Climate Conference (
COP21 / CMP11), after Durban hosting the 10th
 Paris-Le Bourget, December 2015
 A conference to agree upon worldwide GHG reduction targets
 France already has one of the lowest levels of per capita
greenhouse gas emissions among developed countries and
preparing its own ecological and energy transition towards a future
of low carbon consumption and emission
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Thank you
for listening !
Any Questions ?
French Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable development and Energy
www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr