Transcript CGE Greenhouse Gas Inventory Hands-on Training Workshop for the African Region - Building an Inventory Management System Pretoria, South Africa 18-22 September 2006 Michael Gillenwater.

CGE Greenhouse Gas Inventory
Hands-on Training Workshop
for the African Region
-
Building an Inventory Management System Pretoria, South Africa
18-22 September 2006
Michael Gillenwater
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What is an GHG Inventory
Program for?
▪ Meet international obligations and expectations
▪ Inform international, national, & local policy making
▪ Enhance credibility of national climate policies
through timely, transparent, and effective analysis &
communication
▪ Foster consistent estimation approaches across
government & private sector programs
▪ Respond to requests for information
▪ Champion for high quality & objective inventory
information
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What is quality?
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Transparency
Completeness
Comparability
Consistency
Accuracy
Transparency is the most fundamental. If you
do not document, then there is no way to
demonstrate any of the other principles have
been met.
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Who cares?
▪ A wide audience of stakeholders...
▪ Decision makers & policy advisors
▪ International climate change community
▪ Provincial & local agencies
▪ The public & interest groups
▪ Businesses
▪ Scientists
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National government
▪ Are national inventories verifiable?
▪ What are current & projected emissions and
removals from key industries?
▪ What are the effects of existing or planned
policies and measures (including policies that
aggravate emissions)?
▪ Is there consensus among government agencies
and key stakeholders on our emission estimates?
▪ What are the relationships between reducing
greenhouse gas emissions and other
environmental pollutants?
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International community
▪ What is the your country’s contribution to
global emissions and removals?
▪ Are your GHG estimates credible and
transparent?
▪ Is your country meeting its UNFCCC
obligations?
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Businesses & NGOs
▪ How do we quantify and get credit for activities that
reduce emissions or sequester carbon?
▪ What activities, industries, companies, or policies
have been responsible for significant increases or
decreases in GHG emissions or removals?
Scientists
▪ What are the priorities for research and
measurement?
▪ What are the scientific uncertainties in the emission
and sink estimates?
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Linkages
Research & international
scientific community
Trading and projects
LU/LUCF
(Sinks policies)
Domestic emission
reduction programs
Inventory
Program
Negotiations
& IPCC
Interest groups
& the public
Corporate, regional, &
other inventories
Emission projections, climate
& economic modeling
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Inventory management
systems should...
▪ Ensure inventory processes are in compliance with
COP decisions (i.e., Non-Annex I Party National
Communications)
▪ Define and apply appropriate procedures for
collecting, processing, communicating, and
archiving inventory data & information
▪ Coordinate with relevant ministries, agencies, and
other organizations
▪ Provide inventory reports regularly
▪ Ensure the quality of inventory data
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Inventory management system
1. Inventory planning
2. Inventory preparation
3. Inventory management
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Inventory planning
▪ Establish national inventory agency
▪ Assign responsibilities for inventory preparation and
management
▪ Develop schedule
▪ Make arrangements to collect data from statistical
agencies, companies, industry associations, etc.
▪ Create QA/QC plan
▪ Define formal approval process within government
▪ Develop review processes
▪ Integrate continuous improvement
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Example: U.S. Inventory Schedule
Oct - Nov
April - September
Gather data and prepare
initial estimates
Late December
April 15th
Mid
October
Nov - Dec
Jan - Feb
Prepare draft
report
Respond to
interagency
comments
Incorporate
public
comments
Expert and
interagency
review
Release for
public
comment
Submit
Inventory
to UN
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Inventory preparation
▪ Identify key categories
▪ Select methods and emission factors
(e.g., GPG decision trees)
▪ Collect activity data
▪ Manage recalculations
▪ Implement QA/QC plan
▪ Basic checks should be completed on entire inventory
(Tier 1) (see GPG Ch. 8)
▪ More in-depth investigations into key sources (Tier 2)
▪ Documentation
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Key categories
▪ A key category has a significant influence on a
country’s total inventory in terms of level or trend
in emissions (GPG, Ch.7)
▪ A key category may also be determined through
a qualitative assessment.
▪ A key category is one that is prioritized within the
national inventory system
▪ In general, countries should focus on key
categories for resources and improvements
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Inventory management
▪ Implement inventory review processes (e.g., expert
review, public review)
▪ Obtain formal approval of final results and report
within government
▪ Submit report to UNFCCC
▪ Make inventory information available to stakeholders
and respond to information requests
▪ Archive all documentation and results
▪ Continuous improvement feedback
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Uncertainty
▪ Uncertainty analysis is a subjective exercise, as
it relies to a large extent on expert judgment
▪ Therefore, it is not a valid basis to compare
inventories between countries
▪ Uncertainty analysis should be used as a way to
investigate the quality of your inventory data and
identify ways to improve data quality
▪ You achieve by communicating with data
suppliers (e.g., statistical agencies)
Uncertainty investigations should be integrated
within your QA/QC plan!
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Resources
▪ IPCC Guidelines
▪
▪
▪
▪
Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines
IPCC Good Practice Guidance
IPCC LULUCF GPG
New 2006 IPCC Guidelines
▪ UNFCCC reporting guidelines
▪ IPCC Emission Factor Database (EFDB)
▪ IPCC software
▪ NCSP booklet on "Managing the GHG inventories
process (March 2005)
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Other resources…
▪Inventory reports from other
Parties
UNFCCC website/GHG Data
www.unfccc.int
▪Inventory related reports from
other Parties
▪GHG Inventory Experts Network
www.ghgnetwork.org
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Closing remarks…
▪ A greenhouse gas inventory is more than just a
report. It should be viewed as an broader
analytical program.
▪ A “cookbook” approach to developing a GHG
inventory is not practical. There will always be a
large and essential need for expert judgment at
all levels of the process.
▪ A well constructed inventory should include
enough documentation to allow readers to
understand the underlying assumptions and to
reconstruct the calculations.
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Please feel free to email me in
the future:
Michael Gillenwater
[email protected]
– Thank you –
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ACTIVITY DATA
Collect data on transportation
fuel combustion, including fuel
consumed by jets and sailing
vessels travelling
internationally.
to US
EPA
The DoD maintains data
on fuel consumption for
the military. Data is
usually acquired via
communications with
each branch.
to US
EPA
Federal Highway
Administration
Bureau of the
Census, Dept.
of Commerce
Center for Transportation
Analysis, ORNL, Dept. of
Energy
Bureau of Economic
Analysis, Dept. of
Commerce
Department of
Defense
Mobile
Combustion
Federal Aviation
Administration
Bureau of
Transportation
Statistics, Dept. of
Transportation
Flow of
Energy
Data
ENERGY
Compile data on vehicle numbers
and types and provide estimates for
domestic transportation fuel
consumption.
International
Bunker Fuels
The EIA collects national and
worldwide fuel production and
consumption data for all energyrelated activities, including
stationary combustion.
Energy Use
EIA, Dept. of
Energy
The EIA publishes a variety of
monthly and annual reports and
maintains databases which are
accessible via the Web.
Provide mine-specific
historical information
about methane gasrecovery and gas
usage.
Mining
Companies
Coal Mining
Mine Safety and
Health Administration
Petroleum
and Natural
Gas
State Petroleum and
Natural Gas
Agencies
Minerals
Management
Service, Dept. of
Interior
US EPA, National Risk
Research Management
Research Laboratory
EPA
US EPA
Industry
Journals
Supply information about
mine-specific ventialtion
systems and gas sales
data.
Petroleum and Natural Gas
Industry Associations, Trade
Groups, and Review Panels
Provide information about
natural gas and petroleum
industries, including
production, infrastructure
statistics, and consumption.
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Emission Inventory Basics
▪ An emission inventory is an accounting of the amount
of air pollutants discharged into the atmosphere. It is
generally characterized by the following factors:
▪ The chemical or physical identity of the pollutants
included
▪ The geographic area covered
▪ The institutional entities covered
▪ The time period over which emissions are
estimated
▪ The types of activities that cause emissions
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Inventory Agency
Responsibilities
▪ A single national entity to be responsible for the overall
inventory
▪ Arrangements with collaborating entities that contribute data,
research, estimate emissions or provide expert reviews
▪ Define legal authority to collect and disseminate data
necessary for the preparation of the inventory
▪ Ensure inventory processes are in compliance with COP
decisions
▪ Define and apply procedures for collecting data, preparing
inventory, communicating results, submitting report, and
archiving
▪ Liaise among government departments, national agencies,
▪ Ensure the implementation of QA/QC
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Goals
 Develop high quality inventory at regular intervals (e.g.,
annually, every 2-4 years, etc).
 Resources are focused on the most significant
emission sources in the country
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Atmospheric Concentrations
Keeling and Whorf, 1999
Mauna Loa, Hawaii
370
CO2
ppbv
330
310
Neftel, et al., 1994.
Siple Station ice core
1,300
1,100
290
270
1740
CH4
Kalil and Rasmussen, 1994.
Record from six globally
distributed locations.
1,500
Etheridge, Pearman,
and Fraiser, 1994.
Law Dome ice core.
900
1790
1840
1890
1940
1990
700
1830
1870
1910
1950
1990
4
3
pptv
ppmv
350
1,700
2
1
Source: CDIAC
SF6
Sturges et al.,
Dome Concordia, 2000
0
1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
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