Transcript MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND WATER EXECUTIVE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY NATIONAL REPORT ON THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT IN BULGARIA 13th session of the UNECE Working.

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND WATER
EXECUTIVE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY
NATIONAL REPORT ON THE STATE OF
THE ENVIRONMENT IN BULGARIA
13th session of the UNECE Working Group on
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Geneva,1-2 November 2012
EXECUTIVE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY –
BULGARIA
Main activities
The ExEA:
 manages the National system for environmental
monitoring and the respective information
technologies
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
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designs the monitoring, gathering and analysis of
data and information for the environmental media
and pollutants of the environment
provides sampling and laboratory analysis of the
samples on the whole territory of the country – 1
central and 14 regional offices
issues permits for prevention of pollution and
control and permits for greenhouse gases emissions
NATIONAL REPORT ON THE STATE OF
THE ENVIRONMENT
Organization of preparation
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ExEA prepares the draft structure of the report,
coordinates the whole process of preparation
Interministerial working group approves the
structure of the report, submits additional
information sectoral policies and measures
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Kollegium at the MoEW approves the draft SOER
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Minister of Environment and Water presents the
SOER to the Council of Ministers
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Council of Ministers approves the SOER
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Duration of the process of preparation – 4-5 months
SOER 2010 – EVALUATION BASED ON
INDICATORS
Advantages
Clear definition of the questions on the interlinkage
“social development – state of the environment and
nature resources”
Improvement of the assessments, identification of the
trends and the threats
Comparability of the information
Possibility for integration in the regional and European
assessments
Promotion of the effectiveness of the information
MЕTHODOLOGY
Based on DPSIR indicator’s scheme – environmental
state evaluation
UNECE/CEP – Strategic papers adopted at Ministerial
Conferences “Environment for Europe” in Kiev
(2003), Belgrade (2007), Astana(2011) referring
to environmental indicators and their
implementation in national evaluation reports
Contribution of the ExEA as national reference center
in Bulgaria to the preparation of the 5-years SOER
reports
Bilateral cooperation and experience exchange with
CENIA, Czech Republic
GENERAL STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT
15 Chapters on main environmental issues
Evaluation based on indicators related to:
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QUALITY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND STATE OF
THE NATURE RESOURCES
DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Key questions
Key messages
Summary of the report
GENERAL STRUCTURE AND CONTENT
OF THE CHAPTERS

Name of the Chapter
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Key question/s
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Key messages
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Definition and description of each indicator, incl.:
sources of information with data description,
available at the ExEA; external sources of data
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Analysis and assessment of each indicator
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Indicator trends, linkages with other indicators
in DPSIR scheme
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Linkages with the environmental policies – legal
and strategic documents on national and EU
level; measures to achieve strategic and
operational goals
EMISSIONS OF HARMFUL SUBSTANCES
Key question
Does Bulgaria carry out its international commitments to
reduce emissions of harmful substances in the air?
Key messages
All the commitments of Bulgaria born under Directive
2001/81/ЕC on the levels of emissions of SO2, NO2,
NMVOC and NH3 in 2010 are fulfilled.
In 2010 the desulfurization facilities caught 642,6
thousand tones sulfur dioxide.
Household heating is stillthe main source of PM10,
emitting 58% of the total quantity released in the
atmosphere.
EMISSIONS OF AIR POLLUTANTS
Indicators
National emissions inventory - In Bulgaria the
emissions are calculated in relation with CORINAIR
methodology
- 11 group of sources– total and by groups
- Air pollutants: sulphur oxides (SОx), nitrogen oxides
(NОx), non-methane volatile organic compounds
(NMVOC), ammonia(NH3), carbon monoxide (СО),
heavy metals: cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg),
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH),
pentachlorophenol /PCP/; dioxins and furans(DIOX),
particulate matter(PM10) and some other specific
pollutants.
Relative distribution of emissions of major air
pollutants
Assessed against National ceilings for 2010
according the Directive 2001/81/ЕC on national
emission ceilings for certain atmospheric
pollutants and Gothenburg Protocol.
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
Key question
Are the admissible ceilings for defending the human
health in air pollution achieved?
Key messages
 In the period 1990 to 2010 there is a significant
decrease in the levels of emissions of all main ambient
air pollutants, followed by improvement in the ambient
air quality.
 In 2010 compared to 2009 the percentage of the
population affected by the sulfur dioxide levels is
decreased from 3% to 0,57% and by the ozone - from
4% to 0,84%.
 The percentage of population living with levels of PM10
over the admissible ones is still high – 57% and with
such ones for nitrogen dioxide – 22%.
 There is no problem with the levels of pollution with
benzene, nickel and arsenic.
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
Indicators
Exceedance of air quality limit values in urban areas
of: sulphur dioxide (SОx), nitrogen dioxides
(NО2), particulate matter(PM10) and ozone in
2010
Percentage of urban population resident in areas
where pollutant concentrations are higher than
selected limit of sulphur dioxide (SОx), nitrogen
dioxides (NО2), particulate matter(PM10) and
ozone in 2010
Comparison with similar characteristics to countries
– members of the European Environment Agency
WATER QUALITY
Key questions
Is there an improvement in the quality of
the surface water that is affecting
their use for drinking water sources
on one hand and on the other - as a
habitat for a number of water
organisms?
Is the quality of the ground water
improved which is affecting their use
as drinking water sources on one
hand and on the other – to feed
water and earth ecosystems?
Key messages
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In the period 1996-2010 the trend to
improvement in the quality of water
seen during the recent years is
stable, still there are some water
bodies in risk. Specific programs
were developed for these bodies
aiming at achievement of the good
ecological status until 2015.

The percentage of the points in
which the average annual
concentrations of nitrates are above
the nitrates quality standard in the
period 1996-2010 show minor
changes compared to 1996 with
slight increase in 2008 and further
halt in the last three years.
120
mg/l
100
80
60
40
20
0
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
year
DO
NO3-N
BOD5
PO4
COD
1996=100%
NH4-N
2010
WATER QUALITY
Indicators
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Surface water
Annual average
concentrations of
Dissolved oxygen
(DO), BOD5
(Biological oxygen
demand), ХПК
(Chemical oxygen
demand), Ammonium
Nitrogen (NH4- N)
and Nitrate nitrogen
(NO3- N) азот,
Phosphates (PO4)
Change in the
abundance and
diversity of benthic
macroinvertebrates
indicator groups in
the rivers assessed by
biotic index
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Groundwater
Annual average values
of рH,
Electroconductivity,
Total Hardness, COD
(Manganese III)
concentracions of
Ammonia, Nitrites,
Nitrates, Sulphates,
Chlorides,
Phosphates, Sodium,
Magnesium, Zinc,
Mercury, Nickel, Lead,
Chromium, Iron,
Manganese, Arsenic,
Tetrachloroethene,
Thrichloroethene and
Pesticides
PROTECTED AREAS
under the Habitats Directive and Birds
Directive
Key question
Did Bulgaria propose sufficient number of sites under the Habitats
Directive and Birds Directive?
Key message
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In Bulgaria, by the end of 2010, 335 protected areas of the network
"Natura 2000“ covering 30% of the country were adopted by the
Council of Ministers. The proposed areas for Bulgaria were assessed as
adequate in terms of representativeness of species and habitats.
Sufficiency index was 94,3%.
Total area,ha
3340000
3330000
3320000
3310000
3300000
3290000
3280000
3270000
3260000
3250000
Number of
sites
232
2500000
Number of
sites
120
231
2000000
100
230
1500000
229
Total area,ha
80
60
1000000
40
228
227
226
2007
Total area
2008
2009
2010
Number of sites
500000
20
0
0
2007
Total area
2008
2009
2010
Number of sites
PROTECTED AREAS
under the Habitats Directive and Birds
Directive
Indicators
Trends in spatial coverage of proposals of sites
(SEBI 8)
Sufficiency index based on those proposals (only for
Habitats Directive) (SEBI 8)
FOREST HEALTH
Key question
Development of the forests health
status in 2010?
Key messages
The results of the 2010 large scale
forest condition assessment of the
2396 broadleaves and 3173
coniferous trees in 159 sample plots
show that the trees classified as none
and slight defoliated are prevailing.
Atmospheric depositions – The results
of the 2010 atmospheric depositions
measurements show that there are
not exceedances of critical loads of
acidity, sulphur and nitrogen.
Forest damage – Insects (55%) and
fungi phytopathogens (33%) cause
major impacts on forest in Bulgaria
Forest fires – The forest areas
affected of forest fires in 2010 are
6526 ha.
FOREST HEALTH
Indicators
Atmospheric depositions - (indicator 2.1, SEBI
009)
Forest health-Defoliation - ( indicator 2.3)
Forest damage –classified by major damage
factors -abiotic, biotic and human induced
and by forest type (indicator 2.4).
Forest damage – Forest fires (indicator 2.4)
MUNICIPAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
Key question
Does the amount of generated municipal waste in the country decrease?
Does the share of landfilled municipal solid waste in the country decrease?
Key messages
Over the past 10 years the amount of generated waste in the country
decreases. Municipal waste for 2010 was 3091 kt. Since 1999 the average
quantities of municipal waste per capita in Bulgaria are lower than those for
the EU-27. In 2010 for recycling is delivered 26 thousand tonnes of municipal
waste, landfilled are 3, 041 million tons of municipal waste.
The disposal of waste by landfill remains the most popular method in the
country for treatment of municipal waste.
Development of infrastructure for waste management with the support of OP
"Environment 2007-2013" - construction of 23 regional systems for waste
management in the country.
kg per capita
kt
3500
9000
8000
7000
3000
2500
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
2000
1000
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Landfilled municipal waste,kt
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Generated municipal waste
Population
MUNICIPAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
Indicators
Generation, recycling, recovery and disposal of
waste as a whole – per year, per capita
Municipal waste generation - for the country, per
capita
Municipal waste landfilled
Generation and recycling of packaging waste
Intensity of consumption of plastic, paper and
cardboard packaging
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION
National State of the Environment Reporthttp://eea.government.bg/en/output/soereport/index.html
Dr.Vanya Grigorova
Executive Director