Transcript Design and Construction Guidelines for Thermally Insulated Concrete Pavements Lev Khazanovich, UM John Harvey, UCD Joe Mahoney, UW September 12, 2007

Design and Construction
Guidelines for Thermally
Insulated Concrete Pavements
Lev Khazanovich, UM
John Harvey, UCD
Joe Mahoney, UW
September 12, 2007
Composite Pavements
• AC layer over PCC layer
• PCC over PCC layer (two-lift construction)
• PCC over AC layer (white topping)
Scope of the Study
• Newly constructed AC/PCC pavements
• AC overlays of structurally sound PCC
pavements
• Other types of composite pavements
(literature review only)
• MnROAD AC overlay of several PCC slab
• MnROAD new composite section
Research Objective
• The main objective:
 Perform life cycle cost analysis comparisons, and
develop design and construction guidelines for
thermally insulated concrete pavements (TICP),
i.e. composite thin HMA overlays of new or
structurally sound existing PCC pavements.
Research Objective
• Secondary objectives:
 Validation of the structural and climatic models of
the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design
Guide (MEPDG) for asphalt overlays of concrete
pavements.
 Investigation of applicability of the MEPDG and
CalME for design of TICP pavements.
 Investigation of applicability of reflection cracking
and asphalt rutting models developed in
California.
 Development of recommendations for feasibility
analysis of newly constructed TICP or thin
overlays of the existing concrete pavements.
Specific Objectives
• Determine benefits of HMA layer on curling and warping
potential of concrete panels
• Develop a life cycle cost analysis-based guidelines for
determination of economic feasibility of TICPs and thin
AC overlays considering both agency and user costs.
• Incorporate the results into design and construction
guidelines. Also, provide recommendations on where
TICPs are most effective.
• Evaluate how construction processes can be modified to
take advantage of the TICP design
 Profile control (ride is achieved with the HMA layers)
 Required cure time before the HMA can be placed
 Joint forming versus saw cutting
Specific Objectives (cont.)
• Predict extension of the fatigue life of the TICP vs. PCC
pavement
• Evaluate the service life of the thin HMA overlay.
• Characterize initial and long term bond at the interface
between the layers Determine the optimum thickness
ratio of the two layers based on load and environmental
conditions
• Optimize layer stiffness
• Select optimum pavement panel size/joint spacing for
jointed designs
• Determine conditions under which inclusion of dowels is
more cost efficient than not including them.
Related Studies
• SHRP-2, Project R21: “Composite Pavement Systems”
• TPF 962: Pavement Surface Properties Consortium: A Research Program
(Virginia)
• NCHRP 1-43: Guide for Pavement Friction (ARA)
• NCHRP 1-41: Models for Predicting Reflection Cracking of Hot-Mix
Asphalt Overlays (Texas A&M)
• TxDOT 0-4398: Develop Guidelines for Designing and Constructing Thin
Asphalt Pavement (ACP) Overlays on Continuous Reinforcement
Concrete Pavements (University of Texas)
• TxDOT 0-4517: Develop Statewide Recommendations for Application of
PCC Joint Reflective Cracking Rehabilitation Strategies Considering
Lufkin District Experience (Texas Transportation Institute)
• TxDOT 0-4467: Developing an Upgraded Overlay Tester System to
Characterize the Reflection Cracking Resistance of Asphalt Concrete
(Texas Transportation Institute)
• Calibration of Mechanistic-Empirical Design Procedures using the Heavy
Vehicle Simulator (University of California Pavement Research Center)
SHRP2 R21 vs This Study
• R21 – AC/PCC and PCC/PCC; this study – AC/PCC only
• This study: Literature review AC overlays, other types of
pavements – to be discussed
• R21 – national guidelines. This study – focus on California,
Minnesota, and Washington conditions
• R21 – MEPDG AC model are the first choice. This studyCalME
• This study – limited attention to CRCPs.
• First results of this study will be used in R21 study
Research Team
• Lev Khazanovich (UM) – PI, Structural
modeling, PCC distresses
• John Harvey (UCD) – CoPI, AC distress
modeling
• Joe Mahoney (UW) – Construction
Guidelines
• Mihai Marasteanu – Literature review
Task 1. Development of Information
on Composite Pavements
• Assessment of the state practice and knowledge
for the design and construction of composite
pavements
• Review of design procedures and methods (design
criteria, basis of procedure, distress prediction
models, etc.)
Task 2: Perform Initial LifeCycle Analysis
• Collect the most recent information on construction cost of
individual design features for California, Washington and
Minnesota conditions.
• Perform a Life-Cycle Analysis to determine under what
conditions use of composite pavement may be viable.
Compare several hypothetical TICPs and overlays with
conventional asphalt and concrete pavements:
 Longer pavement life of composite pavements compared to
the pavement life of new PCC and AC pavements
 Lower construction cost of new pavement and potential
lower maintenance costs
 Different materials resulting in different emissions,
leachates and energy consumptions
Task 3: EICM Validation and Analysis
• EICM sensitivity analysis
 AC
and PCC layer thicknesses
 AC and PCC thermal conductivities and heat
capacity
 Properties of the base layer and subgrade
 Geographic location of the pavement section
• Vaidation and calibration
 MnROAD data
 DAKOTA
 UMPC
EICM Validation
• Thin AC overlay over several PCC slabs
 Temperature measurements in the
orginal slab
 Temperature measurements in the
overlaid slab and in the AC overlay
• Temperature measurements in the new
composite pavements
EICM Analysis
• Effect of design features PCC slab curling
• Effect of design features on joint opening
Task 4: Evaluation of Pavement
Response Models
The responses of the MEPDG structural model,
ISLAB2000, will be compared with the
measured responses from the MnROAD test
section.
• FWD test results
• Joint opening
• Strains
Task 5. Develop Design Guidelines
• MEPDG PCC models
 PCC fatigue cracking (top/down and
bottom/up) of AC overlays of PCC pavements
 Transverse joint faulting
• CalME models:
 AC reflective cracking
 AC rutting
Task 6. Develop Construction
Guidelines
• A group of experts in materials and construction will be
convened to determine constructability of composite
pavements.
• The following issues will be addressed
 Profile control (ride is achieved with the HMA layers)
 Required cure time before the HMA can be placed
 Joint forming versus sawing
 Roller compacted techniques
 Construction sequence
• The use of CA4PRS pavement construction schedule
estimating software for TICP alternatives will be
investigated
Task 7. Draft Final Report
• Summary of experience to date based on the
literature survey.
• A description of the MnROAD test sections.
• A detailed description of the data that has been
collected, where the data is stored, and how it
can be accessed.
• A detailed description of the environment,
structural, and performance model and their
predictive capabilities.
Task 7. Draft Final Report (cont.)
• Summary of the pavement designs considered,
the expected performance, and approximate life
cycle cost over a common analysis period.
• A recommendation for the best structures for
the different conditions (environment, traffic,
costs in different locations) considered in the
analyses.
• Recommendations for best practice for each of
the conditions considered in the sensitivity
analysis factorial.
• Identification of issues that need further
research and development to further improve
this technology.
Task 8. Final Report
• Address TAP comments
Proposed Schedule
Year
Quarter
1
Task 1: Development of Information on Composite Pavements
Task 2: Perform Initial Life-Cycle Cost Analysis
Task 3: Environmental and Traffic Load Responses
Task 4 Evaluation of Pavement Response Models
Task 5 Develop Design Guidelines
Task 6 Develop construction guidelines
Task 7 Draft final report
Task 8 Final report
Total
1
2 3
4
1
2
2 3
4
1
3
2 3
4
Proposed Budget
Task 1: Development of Information on Composite Pavements
Task 2: Perform Initial Life-Cycle Cost Analysis
Task 3: Environmental and Traffic Load Responses
Task 4 Evaluation of Pavement Response Models
Task 5 Develop Design Guidelines
Task 6 Develop construction guidelines
Task 7 Draft final report
Task 8 Final report
$45,000
$45,000
$81,000
$67,500
$135,000
$22,500
$27,000
$27,000
Total
$450,000
Budget (cont.)
• UMN
• UCD
• UM
– $252,000
– $162,000
– $36,000