Lab Exercise 7 Appendicular Skeleton Portland Community College BI 231 Appendicular Skeleton • Upper & Lower extremities • Shoulder Girdle • Pelvic Girdle.
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Lab Exercise 7 Appendicular Skeleton Portland Community College BI 231 Appendicular Skeleton • Upper & Lower extremities • Shoulder Girdle • Pelvic Girdle 2 The Upper Extremity • The pectoral girdle consists of a ring of bone formed by the two clavicles and scapulae. • It is completed anteriorly by the manubrium of the sternum it is incomplete posteriorly. 3 Scapula 4 Scapula: Posterior View Acromion 5 Scapula: Anterior View Coracoid Process 6 Glenoid Fossa 7 Scapula: Posterior View Spine 8 Scapula: Posterior View Supraspinous Fossa 9 Scapula: Posterior View Infraspinous Fossa 10 Scapula: Anterior View Subscapular Fossa 11 Clavicle 12 Humerus 13 Humerus: Proximal End Greater tubercle Lesser tubercle Head: Above the epiphyseal line Anatomical Neck Surgical neck Intertubercular groove Anterior Medial 14 Posterior Deltoid Tuberosity 15 Trochlea (Distal Humerus) Anterior Anterior Posterior Posterior 16 Capitulum (Distal Humerus) Anterior Anterior Posterior Posterior 17 Olecranon Fossa (Distal Humerus) Anterior Anterior Posterior Posterior 18 Medial Epicondyle (Distal Humerus) Anterior Anterior Posterior Posterior 19 Lateral Epicondyle (Distal Humerus) Anterior Anterior Posterior Posterior 20 Radial Fossa (Distal Humerus) Anterior Anterior Posterior Posterior 21 Coronoid Fossa (Distal Humerus) Anterior Anterior Posterior Posterior 22 Humerus: Distal End/Anterior Lateral Supracondylar Ridge Medial Supracondylar Ridge Coronoid Fossa Radial fossa Lateral Epicondyle Medial Epicondyle Capitulum Trochlea 23 Humerus: Distal End/Posterior Olecranon Fossa Medial Epicondyle Lateral Epicondyle Trochlea 24 Radius • “Rotates” • On the thumb side of the forearm 25 Radius: Head 26 Radial Tuberosity 27 Ulnar Notch of the Radius 28 Ulnar Notch of the Radius 29 Radius: Interosseous Ridge 30 Styloid Process of the Radius 31 Radius Distal Anterior Ulnar Notch Styloid process Interosseous Radial Tuberosity ridge Posterior Proximal Radial Head 32 Head of the Ulna (Distal End) 33 Styloid Process of the Ulna (Distal End) 34 Olecranon Process (Ulna Posterior View) 35 Olecranon Process (Ulna) 36 Coronoid Process (Ulna Anterior View) 37 Trochlear Notch (Ulna) 38 Radial Notch of the Ulna 39 Interosseous Ridge (Ulna) 40 Ulna Supinator Crest Olecranon Lateral Styloid Process Head Interosseous ridge Anterior Trochlear Notch Coranoid Process 41 Scaphoid Dorsal View Palm 42 View Lunate Dorsal View Palm 43 View Triquetrum Dorsal View Palm 44 View Pisiform Palm View 45 Trapezium Dorsal View Palm 46 View Trapezoid Dorsal View Palm 47 View Capitate Dorsal View Palm 48 View Hamate Dorsal View Palm 49 View Palm View Metacarpals 2 3 4 1 5 50 Distal Phalanges 51 Proximal Phalanges 52 Middle Phalanges 53 The Lower Extremity • The hip extends from the superior margin of the coxal (os coxae or hip bone) bone to the hip joint. • It contains the pelvic girdle which is a ring of bone formed by the two coxal bones. • Articulate at pubic symphysis anteriorly and sacrum posteriorly 54 Os Coxae (Hipbones) Ilium Pubic Bone Ishium 55 Iliac Crest 56 Anterior Superior Iliac Spine 57 Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine 58 Posterior Superior Iliac Spine 59 Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine 60 Greater Sciatic Notch (Ilium) 61 Iliac Fossa 62 Sacroiliac Joint 63 Articular Surface Of Ilium (Articulates with Sacrum) 64 Arcuate Line (Ilium) 65 Ischial Spine 66 Ischial Tuberosity 67 Lesser Sciatic Notch (Ischium) 68 Ischial Ramus 69 Pubic Crest 70 Superior Ramus (Pubis) 71 Inferior Ramus (Pubis) 72 Pubic Arch 73 Male Pelvis 74 Female Pelvis 75 Pubic Symphysis (Fibrocartilage) 76 Obturator Foramen 77 Acetabulum 78 Fovea Capitus (Head of Femur) 79 Femur 80 Head of Femur 81 Neck of Femur 82 Greater Trochanter (Femur) 83 Lesser Trochanter (Femur) 84 Gluteal Tuberosity (Posterior Femur) 85 Linea Aspera (Posterior Femur) 86 Medial and Lateral Supracondylar ridges 87 Medial Epicondyle (Femur) 88 Lateral Epicondyle (Femur) 89 Medial Condyle (Posterior Femur) 90 Lateral Condyle (Posterior Femur) 91 Intercondylar Fossa (Posterior Femur) 92 Adductor Tubercle (Femur) 93 Patellar Surface (Anterior Femur) 94 Medial Articular Surface of Patella (For medial condyle of femur) 95 Lateral Articular Surface of Patella (For Lateral condyle of femur) 96 Tibia 97 Medial Condyle of the Tibia Anterior Posterior 98 Lateral Condyle of the Tibia Anterior Posterior 99 Intercondylar Eminence (Tibia) Anterior Posterior 100 Tibial Tuberosity Anterior Posterior 101 Medial Malleolus (Tibia) 102 Fibula 103 Head of Fibula 104 Lateral Malleolus (Distal) 105 Fibular Articular Surface for the Talus 106 Ankle and Foot 107 Talus 108 Calcaneus 109 Cuboid 110 Navicular 111 Cuneiform 1. Lateral 2. Intermediate 3. Medial 1 2 3 112 Metatarsals 5 4 3 2 1 113 The Knee • Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) • Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) • Lateral meniscus • Medial meniscus • Patellar ligament • Quadriceps tendon 114 The Knee • Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament • Tibial (medial) collateral ligament 115 The End 116