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Catholics will tell you, "You Protestants are missing
part of the Bible. We have the rest of it."
These false Catholic additions to the Bible are commonly
called the Apocrypha or sometimes the Deuterocanonical
books, which means 'books added to the canon.'
This is a short presentation on WHY these books are not “IN” the Bible.
What is the Apocrypha?
The Apocrypha is a collection of uninspired, spurious books written
by unknown individuals and without claim of inspiration or authority .
The Catholics consider these books as scripture.
(The word "apocrypha"
means "hidden.“)
At the Council of Trent (1546) the Roman
Catholic religion pronounced the apocryphal
books “sacred.”
They asserted that the apocryphal books
together with unwritten tradition are “of God”
and are to be received and venerated as the
Word of God.
They say they have the Bible, the
Apocrypha and Catholic Tradition as coequal sources of truth for the Catholic.
In reality, however, the Bible is the last source of truth
for Catholics. Catholic doctrine comes primarily from
tradition stuck together with a few Bible names.
The Apocrypha was formally canonized by the Roman Catholic 'Church'
on April 8, 1546 A.D. at the Council of Trent.
The Council of Trent
The Council of Trent was actually a series of 3
Church councils held between 1545 and 1563
A.D. and dominated by the newly-formed Jesuits.
It was called an integral part of the counter-Reformation
which had begun 28 years earlier, sparked by Martin Luther.
The Papal bull convening this council required 3 things:
The defining of Catholic dogma
The reformation of Catholic 'Church' life
The extermination of heresy
One of the catch-cries of the Reformation was 'sola-Scriptura' -
- Only the Scriptures (i.e., "The Bible says!!").
In order for the Roman Catholics to say the same
thing, the Apocrypha was added to give
"Scriptural" proof for their false teachings.
The resolution of the Council was: "...if anyone receives not
as sacred and canonical the said books entire with all their
parts, as they have been used to be read in the Catholic
Church...let him be anathema (accursed!)."
Consideration of the Apocrypha usually centers around
the highly contentious issue of additional books
contained in Roman Catholic bibles, and, more
increasingly, in several modern Protestant versions.
As a general summary:
The Jews do not accept the Apocrypha as part of their Scriptures.
Protestants do not accept the Apocrypha as Scripture, though
some ascribe to them value as "good and useful reading" and
"for example of life and instruction of manners."
The Roman Catholic 'Church' in effect accepts
12 of the apocryphal books as canonical.
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
The Books of the Apocrypha
Wisdom of Solomon
30 B.C.
Didactic
Ecclesiasticus
32 B.C.
Didactic
Tobit
c. 200 B.C.
Religious Novel
I Esdras
c. 150 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
I Maccabees
c. 110 B.C.
Historic
II Maccabees
c. 100 B.C.
Historic & Legendary
Judith
c. 150 A.D.
Romantic Novel
Baruch
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Letter of Jeremiah
c. 200 B.C.
Prophetic
II Esdras
c. 100 A.D.
Prophetic
Additions to Esther
c. 130 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Azariah
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Suzanna (Daniel 13)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Bel & the Dragon (Daniel 14)
c. 100 B.C.
Legendary
Defaulter of Manasseh
c. 150 B.C.
Legendary
Why the Apocrypha Isn't in the Bible.
1. Not one of the apocryphal books is written in the
Hebrew language, which was alone used by the inspired
historians and poets of the Old Testament.
2. None of the apocryphal writers laid claim to inspiration.
3. The apocryphal books were never acknowledged as sacred scriptures
by the Jews, custodians of the Hebrew scriptures (the apocrypha was
written prior to the New Testament). In fact, the Jewish people rejected
and destroyed the apocrypha after the overthow of Jerusalem in 70 A.D.
4. The apocryphal books were not permitted among the sacred
books during the first four centuries of the real Christian church.
5. The Apocrypha contains fabulous statements which not only
contradict the "canonical" scriptures but themselves. For
example, in the two Books of Maccabees, Antiochus Epiphanes is
made to die three different deaths in three different places.
6. The Apocrypha includes doctrines in variance with the Bible.
The following verses are taken from the
Apocrypha translation by Ronald Knox dated 1954
Basis for the doctrine of purgatory:
2 Maccabees 12:39-45, 2.000 pieces of silver were sent to Jerusalem for a sinoffering...Whereupon he made reconciliation for the dead, that they might be
delivered from sin.
Salvation by works – Alms giving:
Ecclesiasticus 3:30, Water will quench a flaming fire, and alms maketh
atonement for sin. Tobit 12:8-9, 17, It is better to give alms than to lay up gold;
for alms doth deliver from death, and shall purge away all sin.
Magic:
Tobit 6:5-8, If the Devil, or an evil spirit troubles anyone, they can be driven away
by making a smoke of the heart, liver, and gall of a fish...and the Devil will smell
it, and flee away, and never come again anymore.
Mary was born sinless (immaculate conception):
Wisdom 8:19-20, And I was a witty child and had received a good soul. And
whereas I was more good, I came to a body undefiled.
Suicide Maccabees 14:43-46
Reincarnation Wisdom of Solomon 8:19,20
7. It teaches immoral practices, such as lying,
suicide, assassination and magical incantation.
8. No apocryphal book is referred to in the New Testament
whereas the Old Testament is referred to hundreds of times.
9. They were never quoted or alluded to by Jesus Christ or
any of the apostles. The sermons in the book of Acts, which
outline Jewish history, do not include apocryphal events.
10. Many of the Apocryphal books contain
historical, geographical and chronological errors.
11. Their literary style is legendary and fantasy.
Some stories are grotesque and demonic!
12. They lack the power an distinctive elements of the Word of God
THE INCLUSION OF THE APOCRYPHA IN ENGLISH VERSIONS
In each case, the Apocrypha were delineated either in an appendix
and/or with an explanation showing them to be non-canonical.
a. Tyndale's Bible (1525 A.D.) places them by themselves as "uninspired."
b. Coverdale's Bible (1535 A.D.) does likewise, and with the following
title: "Apocrifa. The bokes & treatises which amonge the Fathers of
old are not rekened to be of authorite with the other bokes of the
Byble, neither are the foude in the Canon of the Hebrews." (1)
c. Matthew's Bible (1537 A.D.) and Taverner's Bible (1539
A.D.) place the Apocrypha between the Testaments.
d. The Authorized, King James Version (1611), like the Great Bible, (1539
A.D.), the Geneva Bible (1560 A.D.) and the Bishop's Bible (1568 A.D.) before
it, places them in an appendix.
Apocrypha began to be omitted from the Authorized Version in
1629, and by 1827 were excluded permanently.
Other Apocrypha
These are other apocryphal texts which have not
been canonized, but which the catholic teaching still
presents them as light on the Bible and its history.
The Forgotten Books of Eden [1926]
This is a collection of pseudepigrapha, specifically:
The First Book of Adam and Eve
The Second Book of Adam and Eve
The Book of the Secrets of Enoch
The Psalms of Solomon
The Odes of Solomon
The Letter of Aristeas
Fourth Book of Maccabees
The Story of Ahikar
The Testaments of the Twelve
PatriarchsTestament of Reuben
Testament of Simeon
Testament of Levi
The Testament of Judah
The Testament of Issachar
The Testament of Zebulun
The Testament of Dan
The Testament of Naphtali
The Testament Of Gad
The Testament of Asher
The Testament of Joseph
The Testament of Benjamin
The Biblical Antiquities of Philo translated by M. R. James [1917]
An alternative pseudepigraphal narrative of the Hebrew Bible from
Genesis through 1 Samuel, written in the first century.
The Gospel of Thomas These are reputedly the writings of the apostle
'Doubting Thomas'. This text purports to be a collection of the “sayings of
Jesus.” Traditionally Thomas was Jesus' twin brother. This text shows strong
Gnostic influence.
The Sibylline Oracles The Sibylline books were oracular Roman scrolls.
They have many “similarities” to early Christian writings, and they were
quoted by the Church Fathers.
The Book of Enoch Translated by R.H. Charles [1917]. This is an etext of
a critical edition of the Book of Enoch. Enoch introduced such concepts as
fallen Angels, the Messiah, the Resurrection, and others.
The Book of Jubilees Translated by R.H. Charles [1917]. The Book of Jubilees
is a text from the 2nd century B.C.E. which covers much of the same ground as
Genesis, with some interesting additional details. It may have been an
intermediate form of Genesis which was incorporated into later versions.
Slavonic Life of Adam and Eve This is a ‘discussion’ that Adam and Eve
had over the whole ‘situation’ that took place in the garden.
The Books of Adam and Eve This is the translation of the Books of Adam
and Eve from the Oxford University Press Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha.
The Book of Jasher Printed in 1613, the Hebrew title of this book, means
the 'Book of the Upright', or 'the Upright or Correct Record.‘ This text covers
much of the same ground as the traditional Mosaic books of the Bible, from
the creation of the world to the death of Moses, albeit with several minor
variations.
Excerpts from the Gospel of Mary This fragment, of disputed authenticity,
puts the relationship between Mary Magdalene, Jesus and the Apostles in a
radically different perspective than traditional beliefs.
The End