Transcript St Ivo School Model St. Ivo School Research & development of ideas (Summer 06 - Oct 06) Disease chosen: TB 4 preliminary lessons planned • An.

St Ivo School Model
St. Ivo School
Research & development of
ideas (Summer 06 - Oct 06)
Disease chosen: TB
4 preliminary lessons planned
• An intro to TB
• UK historical change
• 2 lessons in IT room – student
research
World Health Summit
Thursday 7th December 06
Involving one Yr 9 class
Student & staff evaluation
Of project
Geography of disease
St. Ivo School

Tuberculosis chosen due to school immunisation
programme!
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A lot of preliminary work & research on
1. Data for countries – multivariate data
2. Tuberculosis as a disease

Preparing materials for 4 intro lessons as well as
the World Health Summit (Dec 06)
St. Ivo School
Lesson 1:
Introduction to Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis – The facts!
• TB is curable but kills 5000 people every day or
2 million per year.
• 2 billion people (1/3 of world’s population) are
infected with the microbes that cause TB
• 1 in 10 people infected with TB microbes will
become sick with active TB in their lifetime
• TB is contagious & spreads through the air: if
not treated each person with active TB infects 1015 people every year (approx)
• Almost 9 million new cases occurred in 2004
What is TB?
• Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused
by bacteria (mycobacterium tuberculosis)
• The TB bacteria usually attack the lungs but
it can also attack the kidneys, spine & brain.
It is fatal if untreated.
How is TB spread?
• TB germs are spread from person to person through
the air.
• The bacteria are put into the air when a person with
active TB coughs or sneezes.
• When a person breathes in TB bacteria they settle in
the lungs & begin to grow, from there they can move
through the blood to other parts of the body
• Not everyone infected with TB gets sick. People can
have latent TB infection they don’t feel ill, have any
symptoms & can’t spread TB to others. These people
can go on and get the TB disease.
How would you know if you had TB?
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Symptoms:
Bad cough lasting 3
weeks or more
Chest pain
Coughing up blood or
sputum
Weakness / tiredness
Weight loss
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Sweating at night
No appetite
Chills
Fever
With these symptoms
people can spread TB
to others.
Estimated number of TB cases 2004
World Region
Number (thousands)
Africa
2573
North / South America
363
E. Mediterranean
645
Europe
445
South East Asia
2967
Western Pacific
1925
Why the global increase of TB?
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Population growth
Urbanisation
Increasing poverty
Rates of HIV infection – this weakens the immune
system. If HIV + 100x more likely to develop TB.
• Drug resistant TB (costs for LEDCs?)
• Young adults & women aged 15-44 , most at risk
• Poorly managed TB programmes – especially in
LEDCs (Africa & SE Asia)
St. Ivo School
Lesson 2:
Interpreting Graphs and Data
Tuberculosis in
the UK
BCG vaccination
introduced (given
to school leaving age)
in 1953
Annotating the graph
Vaccination also given to infants from 1960
TB incidence decreased
50,000 cases a year in 1950
On average 10500
people die from TB
each year
An average of 350
people die from TB
each year
TB levels started to increase
Lowest recorded level of
TB – 5745 in 1987
Since 1987 (lowest number of cases:
5745) cases have risen by 27% to
7300 a year
Each year 350 people die from TB
The number of new cases…
In 2004-05, we saw the largest increase in any one year
since 1999!
Where is TB found?
and
Who gets it?
The largest increase was seen amongst
patients who were not born in the UK.
However, only 22% of these patients in
2005 arrived in the UK during the past two
years. This suggests that the increase is
not a result of a large number of
individuals arriving recently with TB but
rather a combination of TB disease
developing in individuals who may have been
infected for some time and new infections
acquired in the UK, or as a result of travel
to other countries where TB is common.
Fig 8 & 9:Tuberculosis
rates per age group,
England, Wales and
Northern Ireland, 2001-5
Non-UK
born
UK
born
The UK’s BCG
vaccination
programme
has changed?
Vaccinations are no longer given to all
school aged children; instead those
people considered most at risk of
catching TB are vaccinated.
Those who…
• are in close contact with an infected person
• have visited, lived or worked for a long time in
countries with a high rate of TB
• are the children of parents whose country of
origin has a high rate of TB
• have a weakened immune system due to disease or
treatment (HIV)
• are homeless or living in poor or overcrowded
conditions or undernourished
• may have been exposed to TB in their youth when
the disease was more common in this country
• young children and very elderly people
World Health Summit
St. Ivo School
Opening Address
St. Ivo School
Welcome today to all honourable delegates from the UK, USA, China, Bangladesh,
Kenya and Brazil for the 2006 WHO summit. The focus of this meeting is
Tuberculosis – a disease that causes 2 million deaths per year (worldwide), one
every 15 seconds. 98% of these deaths occur in developing (poorer) areas of the
world.
I am hoping that today will help us to understand some of the issues facing our
countries with regards to TB. It should be our collective aim to try and eradicate
TB globally.
GLOBAL PLAN FILM
Let us work together whatever our global position or level of wealth to sort out this
disease. Please make a firm commitment today with how your country will join the
Global plan to STOP TB 2006 – 2015. This disease can not be allowed to continue
killing people, in the last century 100 million people have died, please support a
TB free world.
Outline of the day
St. Ivo School
St. Ivo School
St. Ivo School
St. Ivo School
After break
St. Ivo School
St. Ivo School
After lunch
St. Ivo School
Using multivariate data packages
St. Ivo School
Multivariate data
• 5d plotters
v fathom
• Raw data
v percentages
• Outline sheet of what to achieve
• Many trends explored
St. Ivo School
Multivariate plotters
• Possibilities are
there to explore
in lots more detail
• Fairly easy to use
St. Ivo School
St. Ivo School
Student evaluation of
multivariate packages
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St. Ivo School
Easy to use & instant (sliding button)
Useful once understood how to work it
Lots of information on the graphs
The data was in an understandable form
The graphs helped ‘put the figures into
perspective’
• Fathom difficult to understand
• A small number of girls found it hard to use and
understand
Evaluation of
multivariate packages
St. Ivo School
• Every student was engaged throughout the lesson
and computer project!
• 99% of students were on task and managed to
interpret some graphs and related the data back to
the context
• Plotters more approachable to students
Evaluation of TB project
St. Ivo School
• This involved one group of 30 year 9 students.
• All students had 4 preparation lessons
culminating in the mock world health summit
(7/12/07)
• Students completed an evaluation sheet at the
end of the summit about all the work they had
done.
Student opinions
St. Ivo School
• Lots enjoyed the lesson on TB in the UK, using
graphs & matching statements
• Interested to know about TB
• Enjoyed using ICT and independent learning
• Liked sorting out the costumes & finding out about
their country
• Some students commented that they enjoyed the
WHS day better than the prep lessons
What did students learn
about TB?
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St. Ivo School
How many people it kills
How easily it’s spread
The fact it’s curable
1 person can infect 10-15 people
Affects 2 million per year
No longer vaccinated in lots of British schools
& why
• Many countries can’t afford immunisations
Our evaluation
St. Ivo School
• A lot of work
• The projects remit was very broad
• It was hard to integrate geography and maths while meeting
all the aims of the project
• We feel that we met the aims of the project successfully
• Students learnt facts/info/skills
• We have learnt from the experience
• Unclear as to how the material can be transferred to other
schools in order to minimise work and to keep data
up-to-date
Overall…
St. Ivo School
Enjoyable project for both students and staff