Transcript rogor gaxde mkvlevari Cveni samyaro uzarmazari kvleviTi laboratoriaa mis Sesaxeb arsebuli dRevandeli warmodgena – mravali saukunis da mravali Taobis kvleviTi saqmianobis Sedegia kvleviT muSaobas eweva mkvlevari. mkvlevari ikvlevs samyaros, bunebas,

rogor gaxde
mkvlevari
Cveni samyaro uzarmazari kvleviTi
laboratoriaa
mis Sesaxeb arsebuli dRevandeli warmodgena –
mravali saukunis da mravali Taobis
kvleviTi saqmianobis Sedegia
kvleviT muSaobas eweva
mkvlevari.
mkvlevari ikvlevs
samyaros,
bunebas, imas,
rac arsebobs.
ras xedavs mkvlevaris
Tvali
Tvalis “brma” zonebi
ras “xedavs” mkvlevaris
tvini
mkvlevari qmnis movlenis informaciul models
Aadamiani bunebiT mkvlevaria, swavlis da kvlevis
procesebi warmoadgenen informaciuli modelebis
Seqmnis process
rogor unda warmoebdes
kvleviTi samuSao?
magaliTad, ganvixiloT Zveleburi saaTi, rogorc realobis
- raime movlenis, an kvlevis sagnis (obieqtis) analogi
kvlevis Sedegad iqmneba
obieqtis anBbunebrivi movlenis
informaciuli modeli
realobis Sesaswavlad gvWirdeba instrumentebi:
• Tvali;
• yuri;
•…ukve arsebuli codna;
• damzeriTi da gamzomi xelsawyoebi;
• sxva.
miRebuli codnis (informaciis) dasafiqsireblad gvWirdeba:
• ena, rogorc movlenebis bgeriTi asaxvis sainformacio sistema;
• damwerloba - enis kodirebis, simboloebiT gamoxatvis sistema;
• ukve arsebuli codna;
• informaciis matarebeli saSualebebi.
pirvelyofili da Tanamedrove adamianis
informaciuli matareblebi.
kvlevis Sedegad realoba sistematurad “xarisxdeba” or
kategoriad – realobis elementebad da informaciad,
romelic warmoadgens “awyobis instruqciebs”
realobis elementebi
saaTis nawilebi
(dauSladi sagnebi)
informacia
(saaTis
awyobis instruqcia)
???
nawilebad
daSla
Semdgomi kvlevis Sedegad realoba kvlav
“xarisxdeba” or kategoriad – mikrosamyaros
elementebad (molekulebi, atomebi) da informaciad
molekulebad
daSla
realobis elementebi
(molekulebi, atomebi)
atomebad
daSla
informacia
(“awyobis” instruqcia)
optikuri da eleqtronuli
mikroskopebi –
mikrosamyaros
kvlevis
instrumentebia
elementarul nawilakTa giganturi amaCqarebelic
mikrosamyaros – atomis Sida struqturis
kvlevis instrumentia
am laboratoriebSi iqmneba kosmosisTvis
damaxasiaTebeli fizikuri pirobebi – rac gvaZlevs
kosmosuri movlenebis kvlevis saSualebas
optikuri teleskopi –
makrosamyaros
kvlevis erTerTi instrumentia
Mauna Kea –
msoflios yvelaze
didi observatoria
niutonis teleskopi
Mmikro da makrosamyaros kvlevis procesebi analogiuria da efuZneba
fizikis fundamentur kanonebs, romlebic samarTliania rogorc
elementaruli nawilakebisaTvis, aseve metagaqtikisaTvis
kvlevisa da gamogonebis procesebi msgavsia, meTodebisa da midgomebis erTsa da imave elementebs Seicaven
kvleviTi amocana imiTi gansxvavdeba saswavlo amocanisagan, rom kvlevis Sedegi winaswar cnobili ar aris
SeuZliaT bavSvebs damoukidebeli kvlevis warmoeba? SeuZliaT! saWiroa, rom asakisa da codnis Sesaferi kvleva
awarmoon.
Tanamedrove kvleviTi samuSao koleqtiuria - erToblivi muSaoba xels uwyobs koleqtivis Camoyalibebas.
i.javaxiSvilis universitetis studentebi fraunhoferis
kvleviT centrSi germaniaSi
kvlevis eTikis oqros wesi
keTilsindisiereba
kvlevis SedegebSi tyuili dauSvebelia, kvleviT samuSaoSi ufro misatevebelia davalebis
ar Sesruleba, vidre Sedegebis gamogoneba
cru Sedegi amaxinjebs sinamdviles, xels uSlis sxva mkvlevarebs WeSmaritebis dadgenaSiDda
sabolood aucileblad gamoaSkaravdeba
mkvlevari, romelic erTxel daiWires tyuilze, rogorc wesi, iZulebuli xdeba profesiaGgamoicvalos
kvleviTi samuSaos etapebi
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
sakiTxis dayeneba (amocanis dasma);
meTodikis SerCeva;
monacemTa bazis Seqmna;
monacemebis damuSaveba;
Sedegebis kritikuli analizi;
Sesrulebuli samuSaos aRwera.
gasaTvaliswinebelia:
nebismier etapze SeiZleba aRmoCndes, rom samuSao Tavidanaa Sesasrulebeli, nu gewyinebaT, es xSirad
xdeba
warumateblobis SemTxvevaSi ecadeT gaanalizoT misi mizezi – SeiZleba is saintereso da mniSvnelovani
aRmoCndes
amocanis dasma
samuSaos dawyebisas unda gaarkvio, risi gageba ginda. Didi amocana SeiZleba patara amocanebad
danawildes mkafio SekiTxva - mkafio pasuxi.
SekiTxva – “ramdeni”. es raodenobrivi amocanaa.
magaliTebi: - ramdeni nawilisagan Sesdgeba saaTi;
- ramdeni kbili gaaCnia TiTo kbilanas;
- ra zomisaa saaTi.
SekiTxva – “rogoria kavSirebi”. esec raodenobrivi amocanaa
magaliTebi: - ramdenjer unda gadaixaros qanqaram rom TiTo isarma
gadainacvlos erTi danayofiT;
- rogoria isrebis moZraobis siCqareebis Tanafardoba.
SekiTxva – “aris Tu ara”. es Tvisobrivi amocanaa.
- aris Tu ara raime kavSiri qanqaris masalasa da
isrebis moZraobis siCqares Soris;
- imuSavebs Tu ara saaTi dawolil mdgomareobaSi;
- imuSavebs Tu ara saaTi uhaero sivrceSi;
- imuSavebs Tu ara es saaTi orbitaze, mTvareze, sxva
pirobebSi .
SekiTxva – “risTvis”. es funqcionaluri amocanaa.
magaliTebi: - risTvis aqvs saaTs qanqara;
- risTvis aqvs sami isari;
- risTvisaa saaTis yuTi.
SekiTxva – “rogor”. amocana movlenis maqanizmebis gamosavlenad.
magaliTebi: - rogor gadaecema qanqaris moZraoba kbilanas;
- rogor gadaecema moZraoba kbilanidan kbilanas;
- rogoraa uzrunvelyofili saaTis sizuste.
SekiTxva – “ratom”. es mizezis gamovlenis amocanaa.
- ratom ar Cerdeba qanqara;
- ratomaa saWiro saaTis periodulad daqoqva;
- ratomaa saWiro zogjer ostatis gamoZaxeba saaTis
gasawmendaT da dasaregulireblad.
meTodikis SerCevis sami wesi
1. cdis an dakvirvebis Sedegi unda gamoixatos Tvisobrivi an raodenobrivi saxis
maCveneblebiT (ricxviTi maCveneblebiT). es iZleva gadamowmebis saSualebas.
1. miRebuli Sedegi unda iyos calsaxa – anu, ar unda iZleodes mravalgvari interpretaciis
saSualebas.
2. eqsperimenti gameorebadi unda iyos, anu meTodika ise unda iyos mowodebuli, rom
sxva mkvlevars SeeZlos cdis gameoreba da analogiuri Sedegebis miReba.
EEeqsperimentis Catarebisas gasaTvaliswinebelia:
• kontroli eqsperimentis aucilebeli atributia – kontrolis saSualebiT xdeba instrumentebisa da cdis pirobebis
Semowmeba
• mkvlevari - rig SemTxvevebSi SeiZleba ganxilul iqnas, rogorc cdis garemos Semcvleli faqtori
•MmeTodika unda Seeferebodes cdas – muSaobis periodSi SesaZloa saWiro gaxdes meTodebis koreqcia
wesebi xelmZRvanelisaTvis:
• kvlevis mimdinareobaSi yovel monawiles konkretuli funqcia da amocana unda ekisrebodes;
• yovel monawiles srulad unda hqondes gaazrebuli kvlevis saerTo mizani da misi sakuTari funqciis Sinaarsi;
• dakvirvebis warmoebis wesi mkafiod unda iyos dadgenili;
• kvlevis yoveli monawile unda flobdes sakvlev instrumentebTan muSaobis wesebsa da Cvevebs.