Transcript ILC Accelerator SCRF R&D Plan and Organization Presented by Akira Yamamoto for ILC-GDE Project Managers Marc Ross, Nick Walker, and A.

ILC Accelerator
SCRF
R&D Plan and Organization
Presented by Akira Yamamoto
for ILC-GDE Project Managers
Marc Ross, Nick Walker, and A. Yamamoto
To be presented at KEK LC Review, July 22, 2009
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
1
Outline
 Introduction
 R&D Status
 Plan for Technical Design Phase
 Industrialization
 Accelerator Design and Integration (AD&I)
 Summary
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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SCRF Technology Required
Parameter
C.M. Energy
Value
500 GeV
Peak luminosity
2x1034 cm-2s-1
Beam Rep. rate
5 Hz
Pulse time duration
1 ms
Average beam current
9 mA
Av. field gradient
31.5 MV/m
# 9-cell cavity
# cryomodule
# RF units
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
(in pulse)
14,560
1,680
560
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
3
GDE Project Structure
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
7
Akira Yamamoto
Project Manager
SCRF Tech.
Tetsuo Shidara
(KEK)
Jim Kerby
(FNAL)
Wilhelm Bialowons
(DESY)
L.Lilje
>> R.
Geng
Lutz Lilje
(DESY)
Cavity Processing
John Osborne (CERN)
Civil Engineering
Hitoshi Hayano (KEK)
Cavity Production &
Integration
Vic Kuchler (FNAL)
Conventional Facilities
Norihito Ohuchi (KEK)
Leader
Harry Carter (FNAL)
Co-Leader
Cryomodule
Shigeki Fukuda (KEK)
HLRF
Tom Peterson (FNAL)
Cryogenics
Chris Adolphsen
(SLAC)
Linac Integration
09-07-22,Main
A. Yamamoto
Nick Walker
Project Manager
Accelerator Systems
Marc Ross
Project Manager (chair)
CFS & Global
Margaret Votava (FNAL)
Controls
John Carwardine
(ANL)
Frank Lehner
(DESY)
Junji Urakawa
(KEK)
Axel Brachmann (SLAC)
Electron Source
•
•
Engineering and
Scientific
Management
25 (16 below
PM)
–
–
–
7 Asia
7 EU
11 Americas
Technical Areas
and Groups
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
Jim Clarke (STFC)
Positron Source
Susanna
Guiducci
Andy Wolski
(infn)
(Cockcroft Institute)
Damping Ring
Nikolay Solyak (FNAL)
RTML
Andre Seryi (SLAC)
BDS
Kiyoshi Kubo (KEK)
Simulation
8
Global Plan for SCRF R&D
A Summary
Calender Year
Technical Design Phase
Cavity Gradient R&D
to reach 35 MV/m
Cavity-string test:
with 1 cryomodule
System Test with beam
1 RF-unit (3-modulce)
2007
2008
2009
2010
TDP-1
2011
2012
TDP-2
Process Yield
Production Yield
> 50%
>90%
Global collab.
For <31.5 MV/m>
FLASH (DESY)
STF2 (KEK)
NML (FNAL)
R&D/prepare for
Industrialization
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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Cavity- and Cryomodule-String
Program (S1G, S2) at KEK, Japan
C. Year
2008
2009
2010
Cavity String
(S1-Global)
Cavity
>>
Ins
2011
2012
2013
2014
Test
Cryomodule
String Test (S2) *High Pressure Code Regulation/Stamp to be applied
Quant. Beam*
(Compact L.S.)
Cavity
>>
Inst.
Cryomodule 1*
Cavity
>>
>>
Cavity
>>
Cryomodule
2,3*
Test
Ins & T
>>
Technical Design Phase
Ins Ins & T
Development to
be continued
R&D/Prepare for Industrialization
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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TDP Goals of ILC-SCRF R&D
 Cavity Field Gradient
 35 MV/m with individual cavity in vertical test (S0)
 Cavity-string Assembly in Cryomodule
 31.5 MV/m in average (S1, S1-Global)
 “Plug-compatible” cavity assembly with:


Encouraging improvement and ‘creative work’ in R&D
Motivating global share of advanced technology
 Accelerator System
 Beam Acceleration with SCRF Accelerator Unit (S2)
 Industrial Production R&D
 Preparation for cavity production, quality control, and
cost saving
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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Status of 9-Cell Cavity
 Europe (DESY, Saclay)




Gradient: > ~ 40 MV/m (max) ,
Industrial (bulk) EP demonstrated
Field emission reduced with ethanol rinsing
Surface process with baking in Ar-gas
 Americas (Jlab, Cornell, FNAL/ANL)
 Gradient: > ~ 40 MV/m (max),
 Field emission reduced by Ultrasonic Degreasing with Detergent
 Asia (KEK, IHEP, RRCAT)
 Gradient: 36MV/m (LL, KEK-JLab), 32 MV/m (TESLA-like, KEK)
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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Standard Procedure Established
Standard Fabrication/Process
Fabrication
Nb-sheet purchasing
Component Fabrication
Cavity assembly with EBW
Process
EP-1 (~150um)
Ultrasonic degreasing with detergent, or
ethanol rinse
• Material
• EBW
• Shape
Process
Hydrogen degassing at > 600 C
• Electro-Polishing
EP-2 (~20um)
Ultrasonic degreasing or ethanol
(or EP 5 um with fresh acid)
High-pressure pure-water rinsing
Antenna Assembly
Baking at 120 C
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
Fabrication
High-pressure pure-water rinsing
Field flatness tuning
Cold Test
(vertical test)
Key Process
Performance Test with temperature and
mode measurement
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
• Ethanol Rinsing or
• Ultra sonic. + Detergent
Rins.
• High Pr. Pure Water
cleaning
13
Global Yield of Cavities Recently Tested
at Jlab and DESY
48 Tests, 19 cavities
23 tests, 11 cavities
ACCEL, AES, Zanon, Ichiro, Jlab
One Vendor
One Vendor Yield
(A6, A7, A8, A11, A12, A15, AC115, AC117, AC122, 125, 126)
1.2
1.2
1
1
0.8
0.8
50%
0.6
Fraction
Fraction
All Vendor Yield
(A6, A7, A8, A11, A12, A15, AES 1- 4, Ichiro5, J2,AC115, AC117, AC122,
125, 126, Z139, 143)
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0
0
>15
>20
>25
>30
Gradient (MV/m)
>35
>40
>15
>20
>25
>30
>35
>40
Gradient (MV/m)
Yield 45 % at 35 MV/m being achieved
by cavities with a qualified vendor !!
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
A Summary from TTC-08 (IUAC),
14
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan ILC-08 (Chicago) by H. Padamsee
14
Progress Towards High-Gradient Yield
Recent DESY/JLab
“production” series.
Total 39 cavities (08/09)
Mostly result of first
cold-test (few cases
second-test)
Field Emission greatly
reduced (rinses)
 identified RDR barrier
Baseline gradient reevaluation (TDP1)
expected to be based
on sample of >60
cavities
Current status:
50% yield at ~ 33 MV/m;
(80% >25MV/m)
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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What we need to make clear?
Reported
by
TTC
Date
# of
of Rep. cavities
ordered
08/10
19
19
# of meas.
after EP
09/03
Yield at Note/
Understandi
35
ng
MV/m
processed
(48)
~50%
~25 %
Process Y.
~40 %
Accepted
Product. Y.
~50 %
Product. Y.
15 %
Accepted
Produc. Y.
?
D. Reschke
W. Singer,
L. Lilje,
Jlab
R. Geng
# of
cavities
w/ EP
?
H.
Padamsee
DESY:
# of
cavities
accepted
& meas.
25
25
25 +?
09/02
14
14
14
14+?
DESY
H. Weise
09/05
44+?
44
44x~0.6
44x0.6+ ?
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
SCRF
Plan
We need more clearILC-GDE
definition
and
rule to plot the yield
16
Creation of a Global Database for Better
Understanding of “Production Yield” in TDP-2
• Global Data Base Team formed:
–
–
–
–
–
Camille Ginsburg (Fermilab) – Team Leader & Data Coordination
Zack Conway (Cornell University)
Sebastian Aderhold (DESY)
Yasuchika Yamamoto (KEK)
Rongli Geng (JLab) – GDE-SCRF Cavity TA Group Leader
• Activity Plan/Schedule
– End July 2009:
- Determine whether DESY-DB is viable option,
– Sept. 28 - Oct. 2, 2009: (ALCPG/GDE)
- Dataset web-based
- Support by FNAL-TD or DESY
- Some well-checked, easily explainable, and near-final plots, available,
– End Nov. 2009:
- Finalize DB tool, web I/F, standard plots, with longer-term tool
improvement plans
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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Outline
 Introduction
 R&D Status
 Plan for Technical Design Phase
 Industrialization
 Accelerator Design and Integration (AD&I)
 Summary
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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Two Pushes Ahead
Push Quench & field emission Limit
• Classical defect/field emitter
• EP specific…
Push Quench Limit:
• Defects from material
• Defect from fabrication (EBW)
• Renewed studies
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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Plug Compatibility
• R&D Phase
– Encourage creative work and innovation for performance
improvement from a common baseline
– Global transfer of information
– Sharing of components to continue progress world wide despite
outside uncertainties
– Development of the RDR design for system tests and in
preparation for construction phase
• Production/Construction Phase
– Keep competitive condition with free market/multiple-suppliers,
and effort for const-reduction,
– Keep flexibility to accept industrial effort, with features and
constraints, to reduce the cost under acceptable flexibilities,
– Maintain intellectual regional expertise base
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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Cavity: Plug-compatible Interface
Component
interfaces are
reduced to the
minimum
necessary to
allow for system
assembly
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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Plug-compatibility
• Plug Compatibility could be applied from a level of the whole
cryomodule, to the smallest component.
• During R&D, it is appropriate to set boundaries such that
technical components can be most efficiently addressed.
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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S1-Global Collaboration
Complement
ary activity to
FNAL

regional
cryomodule
x2
development
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
x2
x4
DESY
Japan
KEK,
INFN Milan
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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SRF Test Facilities
FNAL

NML facility
Under construction
first beam 2010
ILC RF unit test
DESY

TTF/FLASH
~1 GeV
ILC-like beam
ILC RF unit
KEK, Japan

STF (phase I & II)
Under construction
first beam 2011
ILC RF unit test
(* lower gradient)
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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A string test in each region
• Complementary testing:
– Each region must develop industry and must develop
‘ownership’ of this critical technology
• No one system will exactly represent the baseline reference
design RF unit design (before 2012)
– FNAL: beam format [under review]
– KEK:
number of cryomodules [1 (of 3) by end 2012]
– DESY: gradient [~27MV/m average over 3 cryomodules]
• Strategy must account for infrastructure limitations and
construction schedules at each of the three main linac test
facilities under development.
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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TTF/FLASH Accelerator Layout
Waveguide distribution for klystron #4
ACC4 23 MV/m
Comparison of machine parameters
ACC5 24 MV/m
1.5 MW
XFEL
Bunch
charge
nC
1
ILC
3.2
FLAS
H
design
9mA
studies
1
3
(status 06.08.07)
ACC6 27 MV/m
1.6 MW
2.2 MW
AST 2.4 dB
DC
3.8 dB
3.8 MW
27.6 m
6%
42.8 m
10%
1.6 MW
4.2 MW
2.4 dB
TUNNEL
2.9 MW
3.7 MW
# bunches
3250
2625
7200*
2400
Kly #4
3dB hybrid
Phaseshifter
3.7 MW
Pulse length
ms
650
970
800
800
Current
m
A
5
9
9
9
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
2.9 MW
ACC456 is main focus of 9mA RF studies
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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Beam Acceleration Test Plan
with RF unit at Fermilab and KEK
in TDP-2
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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High Pressure Code Management
Element
Production
KHK
特定設備申請
KEK site
Construction
Ibaraki L. Gov.
工事／変更申請
Companies
A, B, ,
Companies,
C, D
On-siteCavity and
CryomoduleAssembly
KEK: 茨城県に完成検査申請
Company
E
Cryogenics
On-site
Existing
cosntruction Facility
Beam-line installation
And Inpsection
完成検査
Outline
 Introduction
 R&D Status
 Plan for Technical Design Phase
 Industrialization
 Accelerator Design and Integration (AD&I)
 Summary
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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Toward Industrialization
• Global status of Industries
– Research Instruments and Zanon in Europe
– AES, Niowave, PAVAC in Americas
– MHI in Asia
Project Scope
Euro XFEL
~800
2 years
~1 cavity / day
Project X
~400
3 years
~2 cavities/ week
ILC
~15,500
4 years
~20 cavities / day
( 3 regions
~7 cavities / day)
• Industrial Capacity: status and scope
– No company currently has required ILC capacity
– Understand what is needed (and cost) by 2012
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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Visit to Cavity Manufacturers: 2009
Europe:
RI << ACCEL
ZANON
Amecas:
AES
NIOWAVE
PAVAC
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
Asia
MHI
Notes:
AES: Advanced Energy Systems
RI: Research Instruments (previously, ACCEL)
MHI: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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Visit to Cavity Manufacturers: 2009
Company
# employees
Features
Date
AES
~26
Experience with RICH magnet production
in the previous company,
Dedicated for SC/NC RF technology
Feb. 24
NIOWAVE
~40
A New company dedicated for Niobium and Feb. 25
microwave technology
ACCEL/RI
~100
Most experienced company with SCRF,
and adaptable for production scale of
European XFEL
Mar. 4
ZANON
~200
Much experienced with plumbing work and
SCRF cavities, and with HERA cryostat,
Adaptable for scale of European XFEL
Mar. 6
MHI
>>1,000
A leading company in heavy-industries in
Japan, and experienced with SC/NC RF
cavities and accelerator technologies
Mar. 10
PAVAC
~30
A unique features with EBW machine itself
and SCRF cavity manufacturing
May 7
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
32
Industrialization and cost reduction
• Re-visit previous effort, and update the costestimate for production
– Review the RDR cost estimate (based on TESLA)
– Include recent R&D experience (industry/lab)
• Encourage R&D Facilities for industrialization
– Develop cost-effective manufacturing, quality
control and cost-reduction in cooperation with
industry
• Reflect the R&D progress for cost-reduction
– Baseline  Forming, EBW, assembly work…
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
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A Plan for R&D facilities and
Preparation for Industrialization
• Bench-mark R&D facility (pilot plant) to study cost-effective
manufacturing,
–
–
–
–
Forming and preparation machining,
Pre-surface treatment and preparation,
EBW process with efficient automation,
In-line Inspection during fabrication process for quick-feedback,
• R&D facilities to be sited at Laboratories
– Effort to seek for the most cost-efficient manufacturing with keeping
information to be open,
– Development to seek for a bench-mark, manufacturing facilities
(design and/or itself can be applicable for the real production.
– It is important for industries to participate to the program since Day-1.
for planning.
• We may discuss a possibility
– An industrial meeting to be held as a satellite meeting at the 1st
IPAC, Kyoto, May, 2010.
•
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
34
Standard Procedure Established
Standard Fabrication/Process
Fabrication
Nb-sheet purchasing
Component Fabrication
Cavity assembly with EBW
Process
EP-1 (~150um)
Ultrasonic degreasing with detergent, or
ethanol rinse
• Material
• EBW
• Shape
Process
Hydrogen degassing at > 600 C
• Electro-Polishing
EP-2 (~20um)
Ultrasonic degreasing or ethanol
(or EP 5 um with fresh acid)
High-pressure pure-water rinsing
Antenna Assembly
Baking at 120 C
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
Fabrication
High-pressure pure-water rinsing
Field flatness tuning
Cold Test
(vertical test)
Key Process
Performance Test with temperature and
mode measurement
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
• Ethanol Rinsing or
• Ultra sonic. + Detergent
Rins.
• High Pr. Pure Water
cleaning
35
Field Gradient and Industrial R&D
Research and Development for Cavity
Field Gradient
Mass production technology, quality control, and
cost saving
Time
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
36
Outline
 Introduction
 R&D Status
 Plan for Technical Design Phase
 Industrialization
 Accelerator Design and Integration (AD&I)
 Summary
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
37
Technical Design Phase and Beyond
TDP Baseline Technical Design
RDR Baseline
Accelerator design
and integration
studies
2009
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
New baseline inputs
TDP-1
2010
TDP-2
TDR
Change
Request
RDR ACD concepts
R&D Demonstrations
2011
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
2012
2013
38
SB-2009 Design Proposal
No.
Subject
Contents
Note
1
ML/SCRF: Cavity
Gradient to be re-evaluated
31.5 MV/m
2
CFS: Tunnel conf.
Single tunnel either with
Clusterde or Distributed RFS
3
AS: e+ source
Undulator-based, and located
at the end of ML (250 GeV),
Captured by
¼ wave
transformer
4
AS: Low-Power
Reduced power parameters
N-b = 1312,
T-rf = 2 ms
5
AS: Dumping Ring
circumference L.= 3.2 km at
5- GeV
L-b = 6 mm
6
AS: Bunch
Compressor
Single stage
CF = 20
7
AS: Integ. e+/e- source Into common central region,
together with BDS
8
Availability and Safety
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
39
Novel RF Distribution Concepts
DRFS
(KEK)
Klystron Cluster
(SLAC)
Single
Tunnel
Solutions
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
40
Summary
 Technical Design Phase in progress:
 Phase-1: Technical reality to be examined,
 35 MV/m with yield 50 % in surface process
 ~ 33 MV/m with yield 50 % is being achieved
 31.5 MV/m with the cavity-string in a cryomodule
 Phase-2: Technical credibility to be demonstrated
 35 MV/m with the yield 90 % for 9-cell in manufacturing
 Beam acceleration with the field gradient 31.5 MV/m.
 We aim for
 Global R&D efforts toward “High Gradient” keeping
“plug-compatibility” concept.
 Cooperation of world-wide Institutions and Industries
crucially important to prepare for industrialization.
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
41
Backup for Discussions
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
42
Summary of R&D Efforts/Subjects
• Establish technology for defect-free production, with
“quick” feedback using inspection camera results
– Upgrade “inspection camera”, and
– Develop other inspection tools,
• Identify, more accurately, origin of field emission after
surface treatment
– Research and improve “surface-analysis”: XPS, SEM ,,,
• Establish and Demonstrate countermeasures:
– The final treatment to remove FE source such as sponge wipe,
degreaser rinse, ethanol rise,
– Repair method such as grinding tool for curing damaged
cavities
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
43
Project Plan in 2008-2010
 Field gradient (S0)
 To be re-optimized, based on the R&D progress (2010),
 Plug-compatibility
 Common interface conditions being fixed ,
 Overview document published
 System engineering/test plan, (S1, S2)
 Work sharing in cavity string in global effort (S1-Global)
 Accelerator system test with beam
 Necessary detailed study and re-coordination under limited resources, including schedule
 Effort for “Accelerator Design and Integration” optimization,
 Cluster or Distributed RF power sources and distribution,
 Prepare for AAP Interium Review in April, 2009
 Global Communication and cooperation with Laboratories & Industries
 Visit Labs: DESY, INFN, CERN, CEA/Saclay, LAL/Orsay, CIEMAT, FNAL, SLAC,
Cornell, Jlab, LANL, TRIUMF, KEK, IHEP, PKU, TU, PAL, KNU, IUAC, RRCAT,
BARC, TTIF, VECC,
 Visit Industries: ACCEL, ZANON, AES, Niowave, MHI, PAVAC
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
44
RDR Guidance for Baseline Definition
Baseline: a forward looking configuration which
we are reasonably confident can
achieve the required performance and
can be used to give a reasonably
accurate cost estimate by mid-end
2012 (→ TDR)
Alternate: A technology or concept which may
provide a significant cost reduction,
increase in performance (or both), but
which will not be mature enough to be
considered baseline by mid-end 2012
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
45
How we may prepare for
Industrialization and cost reduction?
• Re-visit previous effort, and update the cost-estimate
for production
– Understand the cost estimate in RDR
• mainly based on TESLA design work at ~ 10 years ago and the
subsequent experience,
– Reflect recent R&D experience with laboratories and industries,
• Encourage R&D Facilities for industrialization
– To Learn cost-effective manufacturing, quality control and
cost-reduction in cooperation with industries,
• It is important to facilitate them at major SCRF laboratories and
extend the experiences at various laboratories (DESY, Jlab,
Cornell and others),
• Reflect the R&D progress for cost-reduction
• Main effort for Baseline >> Forming, EBW, assembly work …
• Alternate effort with limited scale>> large-grain, seamless, or …
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
46
SB-2009 Proposal (PMs)
1. A Main Linac length consistent with an optimal
choice of average accelerating gradient
–
RDR: 31.5 MV/m, to be re-evaluated
2. Single-tunnel solution for the Main Linacs and
RTML, with two possible variants for the HLRF
–
–
Klystron cluster scheme
DRFS scheme
3. Undulator-based e+ source located at the end
of the electron Main Linac (250 GeV)
–
Capture device: Quarter-wave transformer
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
47
SB-2009 Proposal (PMs)
4. Reduced parameter set (with respect to the RDR)
–
nb = 1312 and a 2ms RF pulse (so-called “Low
Power”)
5. Approx. 3.2 km circumference damping rings at
5 GeV
–
6 mm bunch length
6. Single-stage bunch compressor
–
compression factor of 20
7. Integration of the e+ and e- sources into a common
“central region beam tunnel”, together with the BDS.
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
48
Focusing Points
• 全体、スケジュール、システム化、R&D の
優先順位、
• 空洞(BL, LL), 問題点、対策のリストアップ、
高勾配化への戦略、高圧ガス対策、
• 表面研究、実機との相関、実機へのフィード
バック
• EP, EBW, 体制、中長期的展望
• 国際的な比較（コスト）
09-07-22, A. Yamamoto
ILC-GDE SCRF Plan
49