11g The Perfection of a Masterpiece Christo Kutrovsky The Pythian Group 2007 October A presentation about new features of 11g you may not have noticed.
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Transcript 11g The Perfection of a Masterpiece Christo Kutrovsky The Pythian Group 2007 October A presentation about new features of 11g you may not have noticed.
11g
The Perfection of a Masterpiece
Christo Kutrovsky
The Pythian Group
2007 October
A presentation about new features of 11g
you may not have noticed
Who Am I
Joined Pythian in 2003
Became team lead for one of Pythian's service
delivery teams in 2006
Notable clients: Palm Coast Data,
Freshdirect.com
Presented at Collaborate '06, '07, RMOUG
Special interest in 11g, RAC, Disk IO
performance, and memory
Pythian's delegate to the 11g beta, participated at
the camp level (two visits)
Who is Pythian
Provides turnkey global data architecture and operations
teams on a linear-cost-to-effort basis
Founded in 1997, headquartered in Ottawa, Canada, with
offices in India and Australia
Supporting almost 100 clients worldwide and more than
600 production databases
Almost 50 production engineers engaged in client service
delivery
Broad data infrastructure expertise primarily focused on
Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, and MySQL on enterprise
hardware
Agenda
11g – an Evolution
ASM – the missing pieces
RMAN – easier then ever
Standby DBs – more usable
SQL & PL/SQL – improvements out of the
box
Security – out of the box
An Evolution
A lots of areas have been polished
User feedback taken into account
DBA feedback taken into account
for the first time?
ASM in 11g
ASM – Rolling updates
Can upgrade or patch ASM RAC instances
without shutting down all nodes
ALTER SYSTEM START ROLLING
MIGRATION TO 11.2.0.0.0;
Limited “services” from ASM
only mount/open
ASM – Variable AU
The allocation units are variable size, like
LMT tablespaces
Data sits closer together and can be read in
bigger chunks
Reduces SGA memory for metadata for
large files
ASM - asmcmd
“cp” command
find command
essential for cleanup
remap – repairs blocks
including from ASM to OS
including support for remote instances
for non-raid disks
asmcmd -p – current directory
RMAN in 11g
RMAN – configure
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION
ALGORITHM ‘type’;
Archivelog deletion policy
zlib – less cpu (faster)
Bzip2 – more compression
applied/shipped on standby
DB_UNIQUE_NAME
configure for another db
RMAN - backup
section size
can split big files into “sections”
keep until
restore point parameter
can keep only logs needed to make backup
consistent
RMAN – repair failure
RMAN> list failure;
missing files
corrupted files or blocks
RMAN> advise failure;
RMAN> repair failure;
RMAN – list failure
RMAN> LIST FAILURE;
List of Database Failures
=========================
Failure ID Priority Status Time Detected Summary
---------- -------- --------- ------------- ------142
HIGH OPEN
23-APR-07 One or more non-system
datafiles are missing
101
HIGH OPEN
23-APR-07 Datafile 1:
'/disk1/oradata/prod/system01.dbf' contains one or more corrupt
blocks
RMAN - duplicate
from active database
to restore point
for ease of use
password file, spfile
no need for backup
for completeness, a single command
tablespace
allows for only 1 tablespace to be duplicated
RMAN – duplicate standby
Can use “backup controlfile” instead of
“standby controlfile”
RMAN - list
list failure;
list restore point all;
list recoverable to restore point;
RMAN - other
recover …exclude flashback log
backup optimization
committed undo is not backed up
option available for enforcing
UNDO_RETENTION
backup of read only tablespaces now
possible
Standby
Standby – running backups
Can have persistent configuration
Can have block change tracking
Can be associated with production
database
On the fly compression for archived redo
only for gap resolution – need to verify
Standby – more uses
Can be open read only and updated in real
time
Can be open read write, while still
accepting logs from production
ALTER DATABASE CONVERT TO
SNAPSHOT STANDBY
ALTER DATABASE CONVERT TO
PHYSICAL STANDBY;
Standby – more uses 2
RMAN aware network copies from
standby to production
rman target sys@standby auxiliary sys@prod
BACKUP AS COPY DATAFILE 2
AUXILIARY FORMAT ‘/prod_disk/file.dbf’
SQL & PL/SQL
Read Only table
Read only tables now available
alter table X read only;
alter table X read write;
Simple, insignificant, but needed
Invisible indexes
alter index SHOULD_I_DROP invisible;
alternative to dropping
can be used for testing
alter session set
optimizer_use_invisible_indexes = true;
Default columns
Default columns with not null maintained
in data dictionary
takes no space
instant add
DDL can now wait
All DDLs can wait
This is the new default
ddl_lock_timeout
default set to wait 0 seconds
alter session set ddl_lock_timeout=5;
create index on small_but_busy_table…
Virtual Columns
create table users (
display_name varchar2(30),
name as (upper(display_name))
);
insert into users (display_name)
values (‘test’);
Amongts other things, IOTs not
supported
PL/SQL – sequence in variable
declare
v number := a_sequence.nextval;
begin
…
end;
Statistics gathering
Can gather without applying
DBMS_STATS.SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
(‘schema’,’publish’,’false’);
alter session set
optimizer_pending_statistics =
TRUE;
Statistics gathering
Automatically maintains history
Can automatically roll back to a point in
time
dbms_stats.restore*
Real Time SQL Monitor
Much, much better then session_long_ops
v$sql_monitor
For queries running for more then 1 sec
Real time
v$sql_plan_monitor
includes stats for each step, real time
Security
Security – password complexity
Built in password check function
in UTLPWDMG.SQL
allows “standard” functionality
Built in default profile for password
expiration
Tablespace encryption
alter tablespace payroll encrypt;
alternative to file system encryption
puts some vendors out of business
DataPump Export/Import
DataPump
use function to modify table data
compress both metadata and data
to hide sensitive data
requires “advanced compression option”
encrypt exports
including passwordless from wallet
The End
Thank you,
Questions?
[email protected]
Visit my blog at
http://www.pythian.com/blogs/kutrovsky/
http://www.pythian.com/