Transcript TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE Demography Statistics Department Population and Migration Statistics Group TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE CONTENT MIGRATION HISTORY OF TURKEY ADMINISTRATIVE SOURCES DATA SOURCES BRIEF CONCLUSION TRADITIONAL POPULATION CENSUSES ADDRESS.

TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
CONTENT
MIGRATION HISTORY OF TURKEY
ADMINISTRATIVE SOURCES
DATA SOURCES
BRIEF CONCLUSION
TRADITIONAL POPULATION CENSUSES
ADDRESS BASED POPULATION
REGISTRATION SYSTEM (ABPRS)
2011 POPULATION AND HOUSING
CENSUS
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
MAIN FINDINGS
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
MIGRATION HISTORY OF
TURKEY
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Migration History of Turkey
 1960- 1973
 1974
 1980
 1985
→
→
→
→
 Emigration Country
Emigration (Labour Migration)
Family Reunification
Return to Country
Immigration Country

Immigration Country
»
»
»
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
transit migration
illegal migration
return migration
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Data Sources
 Population Censuses
Administrative sources
Establishment of ABPRS (2007)
• Annual statistics for foreign residents
Surveys
Low proportion of immigrants or foreigners
No survey on migration
No ad-hoc module in regular household surveys
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Population Censuses in Turkey
History
 first census in 1927,
 second census in 1935,
 every five years between 1935-1990,
 last traditional census in 2000
Totally 14 traditional population censuses.
Method
 Traditional census method (face to face interview),
 Standard questionnaire,
 De facto population census definition,
 One day application with national curfew (no permission go
out).
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Traditional Population Census
 Place of birth
→ 1927-2000
 Country of citizenship
→ 1927-2000
 Place of permanent residence
→ 1980-2000
 Place of permanent residence five years ago
→ 1980-2000
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Population Censuses in Turkey
Main Problems
 No information on usual residence (de jure),
 Over-counting (imaginary) population,
 High cost
 Duration of data processing around 3.5 years,
 Restricted questions because of the one-day
application,
 Information on population size and their
characteristics available within ten-year interval.
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Target
Changing the system
from
traditional census
to
register-based census
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
ADDRESS BASED POPULATION
REGISTRATION SYSTEM
(ABPRS)
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Address Based Population Registration System
Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS) was
established in 2007
Purpose:
 To establish National Address Database (NAD)
 all addresses within the boundaries of the country
 To establish ABPRS
 information on place of residence of all people living in
the country.
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
WHAT IS ADDRESS BASED POPULATION REGISTRATION SYSTEM?
Personal
Information
Address
ABPRS
MATCHED personal information from
MERNIS and addresses from NAD by
using the Turkish Republic
identification numbers
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Updating the System
ABPRS
NAD
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
MERNIS
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Definitions
Foreigners :
Civil Registration Law mention in Art. 8:
“Foreigners who for whatever reason have obtained residence
permit for aliens to remain in Turkey for at least six months
period shall be entered in the Foreigners register”.
In addition the rules for the Address Based Population
Registration System includes in the database foreigners residing in
Turkey and defined as follows:
“Foreigners who reside in Turkey for a period of at least 6 months
or come to Turkey with the intention of residing here for at least 6
months”.
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Problems in Having Update Foreigner Data
1. Many foreigners have residence permits but not registered
in the ABPRS
• These are updated by using residence permits which
are kept from General Directorate of Security
2. Leave the country although there is still a valid residence
permit.
3. Still reside in the country illegally although duration of
residence permit expired
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Weaknesses of the ABPRS regarding to migration
The ABPRS only allows to estimate the stocks of foreign citizens
Not allowed to get information on:
 flow statistics
 arrivals of foreigners
 Turkish citizens living abroad.
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
2011 POPULATION AND
HOUSING CENSUS OF
TURKEY
(USE OF REGISTERS FOR
CENSUS PURPOSE)
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Why did we need a census ?
Purpose
To obtain information that are not available in the ABPRS and
other administrative registers or can not obtained from
regular household surveys in province and district level. Such
as labor force , characteristics of buildings and dwellings,
migration characteristics, etc.
Legal base
The 2007-2011 Official Statistics Program of TurkStat, and in
line with EU Requirements
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Topics Covered in the 2011 PHC
Indicators regarding to the immigration:







Citizenship,
Place of birth,
Place of usual residence one year prior to the census,
Place of usual residence five years prior to the census,
Reason for migration
Ever resided abroad
Year of arrival in the country
Foreigners constitute less than 1 percent of the total population,
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Migration-related Topics Covered in the Censuses
Traditional
censuses
2011 PHC
De-facto
De-jure
Country of birth


Country of citizenship

x1


Definition for residency rule
Ever resided abroad
x
Country of residence 1 year prior to the census
x
Country of residence 5 years prior to the census

x
 1: In Turkey, the share of the foreign citizens in total
population is less than 1%. During the analysis stage, it was
determined that in the census sample, foreign citizens could
not be very well represented.
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Administrative Data Sources Compiled by Related
Organizations
The Ministry of Interior
Data on
Naturalization
Address Register
System
Foreign Population
by Place of
Residence in Turkey
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Visa information
Data on Turkish Citizens
Living Abroad
Turkish National Police
Resident Permits
Border
Statistics
Asylum Statistics
İllegal Migration
Min.of Labor & Soc.Security
Work Permits
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
07.11.2015
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Establisment of a New Organization
General Directorate of Migration Management
Law on Foreigners and International Protection has been
adopted in 2013 and entered into force in 2014.
By the Law, comprehensive, coherence and human-based
migration management system has been established in Turkey.
This system is conducted by a civilian institution.
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Establisment of a New Organization
General Directorate of Migration Management
Responsibility :
for implementing policies and strategies related to migration and
carrying out the tasks and procedures related to
regular
irregular migration,
international protection,
 temporary protection,
stateless persons
 protection of victims of human trafficking
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
New Structure of Administrative Organizations
General Directorate of
Migration Management
General Directorate of Civil Registration and
Nationality
Data on
Naturalization
Address Register
System
Foreign Population
by Place of
Residence in Turkey
Turkish National Police
Border
Statistics
Resident Permits
İllegal Migration
Ministry of Labor and
Social Security
Asylum Statistics
Ministry of
Foreign Affairs
Work Permits
Data on Turkish Citizens
Living Abroad
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
Visa
information
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Administrative Data Sources
Summary of administrative data
 Border Registers: lack of flow data on international migration
 Residence Permits: Stock data on immigration
 Asylum seekers
 Work permits: (Very strong data source) data bank of
foreigners working in Turkey
 Data on naturalizations
 Data on citizens abroad: limited information
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
BRIEF CONCLUSION
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Conclusion
 As Turkey is both a country of immigration and an emigration,
there is a vital need for improving the data sources and
statistics on international migration.
 Statistics on international migration are insufficient
 Most of the administrative data sources are traditionally used
for administrative purposes only.
 But,
 the coordination between organizations
 awareness about the importance of data need
 accuracy
have been improved.
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
PLANS FOR THE FUTURE
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Future Planning
There is high level of interest in TurkStat and related organizations
 General Directorate of Migration Management (new),
 Turkish National Police,
 Ministry of Labor and Social Security,
 General Directoratesof Civil Registration and Nationality
 Ministry of Foreign Affairs)
to improve international migration statistics.
The aim of these studies is to produce and disseminate
comparable and reliable statistics on international migration with
the EU standards.
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
MAIN FINDINGS
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Immigration in Turkey,
1975-2011 Censuses
Period
Size of immigrants
% in total
population
1975-1980
254 171
0,66
1980-1985
410 232
0,92
1985-1990
388 994
0,77
1995-2000
234 111
0,38
2007-2011*
316 000
0,42
*between 1975-2000, the information is derived from the question
"Place of residence 5 years prior to the census". In 2011, the information
is derived from the question "ever resided abroad and year of arrival"
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Foreign Born s based on Traditional Population Census
Stock of foreign born in Turkey, reported by Censuses 1935-2000
Total number of foreign
Census Year
Foreign born (%)
born
1935
962 159
5.95
1945
832 616
4.43
1950
755 526
3.61
1955
845 962
3.52
1960
952 515
3.43
1965
903 074
2.88
1970
889 170
2.50
1980
868 195
1.94
1985
934 990
1.85
1990
1 133 152
2.01
2000
1 260 530
1.86
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Stock of foreign-born in Turkey,
1935-2011 Censuses
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Foreign Population Based on ABPRS
Stock of foreign born in Turkey, reported by ABPRS, 2007-2013
ABPRS Year
Total
Population
Foreign
Population
Foreign
population (%)
2007
70 586 256
98 064
0.14
2008
71 517 100
104 441
0.15
2009
72 561 312
167 344
0.23
2010
73 722 988
190 531
0.26
2011
74 724 269
242 128
0.32
2012
75 627 384
278 664
0.37
2013
76 667 864
456 506
0.60
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Foreign Population Based on ABPRS
The most common 10 foreign citizenship residing in Turkey
according to the ABPRS, 2012-2013
Citizenship
2012
2013
Total
278 664
456 506
Germany
25 589
59 026
Syria
10 067
57 896
Iraq
19 124
31 138
Afghanistan
19 539
27 893
Azerbaijan
18 917
26 227
Russian Fed.
15 582
20 650
Iran
12 211
16 834
United Kingdom
9 309
15 999
Bulgaria
12 157
14 147
Georgia
15 653
13 475
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Residence permits based on Administrative Registers
The number of residence permit by type of residence according to the
administrative registers
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Asylum Applications based on Administrative Registers
The number of asylum applications according to the administrative registers,
2005-2013
Number
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
Asylum Applications by years
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Work Permits based on Administrative Registers
Distribution of work permits by years and sex according to the
administrative registers, 2003-2013
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Thank you for your attention !
Demography Statistics Department
Population and Migration Statistics Group