Paul Duffy Director, Technical Strategy Modality Systems UNC306 Agenda Where does it all fit in? Concept / technology review Deployment considerations Now what? Q&A.
Download ReportTranscript Paul Duffy Director, Technical Strategy Modality Systems UNC306 Agenda Where does it all fit in? Concept / technology review Deployment considerations Now what? Q&A.
Paul Duffy Director, Technical Strategy Modality Systems UNC306 Agenda Where does it all fit in? Concept / technology review Deployment considerations Now what? Q&A Where does it all fit in? OCS 2007 R2 Roles Management Information Worker (UC endpoints) Remote Users Reverse Proxy Communicator Phone Edition Meeting Console Communicator Attendant Console MOM MMC WMI Access Edge Front End Federated Company Back End ABS,DL,Content Active Directory Archiving Web Edge Monitoring A/V Edge SIP Trunk PSTN and Mobile Phones TDM PBX Registrar, Proxy, Presence Response Group SQL Database Group Chat Mediation Server A/V MCU Web Conf MCU App Share MCU Exchange 2007 SP1 CWA Server SIP/Media Translation Audio, Video Slide/Meeting Content Desktop Sharing Email, Unified Messaging Communicator Web Access PSTN GW IP PBX Archiving, CDR & QoE Architecture Front End Server MSMQ Archiving Server MSMQ Archiving + CDR Agent Archiving Service Archiving DB Monitoring Server MSMQ QoE Agent MSMQ MSMQ MSMQ CDR Service CDR DB QoE Service QoE DB Concept Review Archiving Only Instant Messaging is archived No file transfer No media This can help meet compliance requirements I am not a lawyer: domain expertise is needed Exactly What is Archived? Instant message data in 2 party and multi-party (group IM) “From”, “To”, “Time” and message body There are considerations for where the conversation is occurring Archives both internal & federated communications Variety of configuration options (global, individual, etc) Database schema is defined in product documentation IM Archiving Architecture (Logical) Client 2 Client 1 Front End Server Archiving Agent MSMQ Client ‘n’ Archiving Server MSMQ Archiving Service Archiving DB Configuration Options Global IM Archiving Settings Globally set: no users/all users/some users Internal/federated or all communications Pool-level IM Archiving Settings Associate pool/front end with archiving server Specify Error Handling Behavior (‘critical mode’) Usually enable all pools or none Be aware of where messages will be archived ‘Critical’ Mode – Critical to Understand ‘Critical’ mode helps ensure archiving occurs If archiving failure occurs – OCS shuts down Two key parameters – configurable with WMI TimeToBeReceived TimeToReachQueue Think carefully about enabling this Consider exactly what the timers will do Configuration Steps Install Message Queuing Install SQL Server Install and activate monitoring server Associate front-end(s) with monitoring server Configure global setting Configure user archiving settings if necessary Start service Configuring Archiving CDR – Call Detail Records Provide details about all ‘calls’ made Peer to Peer Conferences VoIP This captures usage not data Useful for billing, utilisation Can provide useful management ROI data Not a compliance solution CDR – What's Recorded Peer to Peer sessions Start & End Times Media Type, From & To Users Client Versions Message Count Conferencing Sessions Attendees & Roles Start & End Times Conferencing servers Conferencing server Join & Leave Times Client Versions VoIP Sessions (UC to PSTN & PSTN to UC) P2P + From/To Numbers Forwarded by Number Gateway CDR Architecture (Logical) Client 2 Client 1 Client ‘n’ SQL Server Reporting Services Front End Server CDR Agent MSMQ Monitoring Server MSMQ CDR Service CDR DB Configuration Steps Install Message Queueing Install SQL Server Install SQL Server and reporting services Install and activate monitoring server Start service Deploy reports Configure logging Associate pool/servers with monitoring server Ensure port 5069 is open on load balancer Start service Note: Not all steps may be required if IM archiving is configured Configuring CDR QoE – Including Primer Who is This all About? Not the IT Professional! Conventional vs. Voice Data Conventional data (“elastic”): E-mail, File transfer, and Web applications Relies on TCP for reliable operation Tolerant of variations of network Voice data (“inelastic”): VoIP traffic Relies on UDP for better performance Intolerant of effects of congestion 22 Absolute Categorization Rating (ACR) Traditional Assessment of Voice Quality Subjective test of Voice quality based on a scale of 1–5 Scoring is done by group of testers listening to calls Listeners rate the calls Mean Opinion Score (MOS) is the average ACR Rating Quality Impairment 5 Excellent Imperceptible 4 Good Perceptible but not annoying 3 Fair Slightly Annoying 2 Poor Annoying 1 Bad Very Annoying Voice Quality Test Options Subjective: Uses panel of testers to determine VoIP quality Results vary from one test to another Active: Inject reference signal into stream and compare it to the output at other end Objective: QoE Server approach Similar to ITU ‘PESQ’ Passive: Output signal is compared to a model to predict perceived quality Voice Quality Key to success of IP Telephony + a UC deployment Subjective and elusive goal Good vs. Bad varies Traditional VoIP very sensitive to network issues Matching existing TDM performance is difficult Traditional approach – very tight management ‘NSQ’ NSQ (‘Traditional’) Approach Uses QoS to manage performance Applied only to network you control Can be expensive to implement Does not handle payload ‘device’ corruption Quality can still be poor when network is good Just one component of QoE QoE – Quality of Experience A key Microsoft differentiator A different approach to the traditional one Both a strategy and a toolset Never consider QoE monitoring optional Use the collected data There is still no Panacea! Quality of Experience Considers all factors influencing user perception: Hardware Application Psychological Physical parameters Media stack continually monitoring / optimizing Intelligent end points for authorization and encryption Bad devices worse impact than bad network Focuses on both network and payload content issues e.g. Noise level, echo, gain and double talk Codec (Coder/Decoder) Converts analog voice for transmission Uses compression to reduce packet size Compression affects VoIP quality Most traditional VoIP uses narrowband, old technology codecs such as G.711 and G.729 RTAudio: Microsoft’s wideband codec OCS 2007 RTAudio Codec Built-in intelligence Multi-rate codec Robust under loss and jitter Packet Loss Concealment Time-warping jitter buffer Highly efficient use of Bandwidth Codec Payload Rate RTAudio (8kHz) 11.8 Kbps RTAudio (16kHz) 29 Kbps G.711 64 Kbps Wideband mode transmits 50Hz – 7000Hz voice frequency range (vs. G.711 @ 300Hz – 3400Hz ) Variable bit-rate encodes voice based on variations in conversation to save bandwidth Supports six wideband and three narrowband rates Higher fidelity at lower bandwidth that traditional VoIP codecs ‘HD experience’ for telephony QoE Summary Right-provision network Use DiffServ when traffic control is required OCS 2007 does not support IntServ OCS 2007 does not implement or require CAC Use OCS 2007 qualified UC devices QoE focuses on the network and payload Hear the Difference! QoE Architecture Client (UC endpoint) Leg A Front End Server QoE Agent SIP – PSTN Gateway Mediation Server MSMQ Leg B Leg C Client (PSTN endpoint) Monitoring Server MSMQ QoE Service QoE DB In this example, QoE reports generated for legs ‘A’ and ‘B’ only Systems Center Operations Manager (alerts) SQL Server Reporting Services QoE Monitoring Scenarios Users – Helpdesk, NOC, Engineering Near Real-time monitoring Quality of Experience validation VoIP planning Don’t consider this optional! Key Metrics per Call Conversational MOS Listening MOS Sending MOS Network MOS / Network MOS Degradation Packets / Packet loss rate Jitter / Round Trip Time Latency Burst SIP Session data Endpoint IP address/mask Inside/outside user flag ICE Connectivity Path Codec(s) Capture / Render device Noise Level / Signal Level QoE Reporting - Mean Opinion Score (MOS) Wideband vs. Narrowband MOS Listening, Sending, Network MOS reported on wideband scale Conversational MOS on narrowband Be aware of scale when comparing vendor-vendor scores For MOS, need to compare similar scenarios Larger sample sizes deliver more meaningful average scores Minimum of 30 calls MOS values between tests cannot be compared unless test conditions are the same Average of scores collected during a “subjective” ACR voice quality test MOS Detail Network MOS: Considers only network factors (i.e. Codec used, Packet loss/reorder/errors, Jitter) Useful for identifying network conditions impacting audio quality Supported by all UC endpoints, except for Exchange 2007 UM Listening MOS: Considers codec used, capture device characteristics, transcoding, mixing, defects from packet loss/packet loss concealment, speech level, and background noise Useful for identifying payload effects impacting audio quality Supported by Communicator 2007 QoE Reporting: Two Classes of MOS Scores Listening Quality MOS (MOS-LQ): Commonly used class of MOS scores for VoIP deployments Does not consider bi-directional effects, such as delay or echo Microsoft UC provides three wideband MOS-LQ metrics: Network MOS: Audio played to user Listening MOS: Audio played to user Sending MOS: Audio sent from user Conversational Quality MOS (MOS-CQ): Considers Listening Quality on both ends, plus bi-directional effects Microsoft UC provides one narrowband MOS-CQ score Conversational MOS: Audio played to user Max MOS Rating by Codec Network MOS scores vary considerably, based on call type Call type determines codec used Different codecs have different max MOS ratings for Network PC to PC appears to have better VoIP quality than PC to PSTN (RTAudio NB) when it may not Scenario PC – PC Call Codec Max Network MOS RTAudio WB 4.10 Conference Call SIREN 3.72 PC – PSTN Call RTAudio NB 2.95 PC – PSTN Call SIREN 3.72 Configuration Steps Install Message Queueing Install SQL Server Install SQL Server and reporting services Install and activate monitoring server Start service Deploy reports Install management pack (optional) Configure logging Associate pool/servers with monitoring server Ensure port 5069 is open on load balancer Start service Note: Not all steps may be required if IM archiving is configured Configuring QoE Deployment Considerations Archiving & Monitoring Roles OCS 2007 “Archiving & CDR” Server Role QoE Server available out-of-band OCS 2007 R2 Archiving server role Monitoring server role = QoE + CDR Basic Topology Options Everything can be collocated with SE server! Clearly not recommended for large deployments Requires full version of SQL Server Monitoring and archiving roles can be collocated Databases can be clustered Each role can be collocated with its database Databases can be collocated with the BE database SE: Standard Edition BE: Back-end Pool Association Options Pools associated to one monitoring server Mediation servers associated to one monitoring server Front end servers associated to one archiving server Archiving or monitoring servers can support multiple pools Sizing & Capacity Planning Throughput: 200K users per Monitoring Server 300K users per Archiving Server Storage: Databases not designed for long-term storage Query performance will suffer first Pay attention to disc recommendations in planning guide to ensure good performance Calculating Space Required DB size = (DB growth per user per day) * (# users) * (# days) Using numbers from the Office Communications Server planning model: CDR database: 8.8KB per user per day QoE database: 16.8KB per user per day Archiving database: 75.5 KB per user per day You may need to vary these numbers if your usage is different than the model Clearly, adjusting retention time can greatly impact DB size Be Careful! Multiple Archiving Stores Clients in an IM conference, hosted on Pool ‘B’ Client 1 Client 2 Pool ‘A’ Client ‘n’ Pool ‘C’ Pool ‘B’ Archiving Agent Archiving Agent Archiving Agent Archiving DB Archiving DB Archiving DB Note: Archiving architecture is simplified on this slide for readability • Data may be archived into multiple different archiving stores • User settings may appear inconsistent during conferences • In the MSFTSIPLogoptions WMI class, configuring the ArchivingBEToken value can control behavior Fault Tolerance – Scenario 1 Front End Server L o a d b a l a n c e r Archiving Agent MSMQ Archiving Server MSMQ Front End Server Archiving Agent Archiving Service Archiving DB MSMQ If ‘critical’ mode is enabled, failure of the archiving infrastructure will result in OCS service outage – regardless of whether there are multiple front-end servers Fault Tolerance – Scenario 2 Front End Server L o a d b a l a n c e r Archiving Agent MSMQ Front End Server Archiving Agent MSMQ Archiving Server MSMQ Archiving Service Archiving DB Archiving Server MSMQ Archiving Service Archiving DB If ‘critical’ mode is enabled, failure of the archiving infrastructure will not cause OCS service outage (assuming archiving redundancy is present) Now What? What Might You use CDR Data for? Billing Utilisation ROI Other, extensible reporting Probably not compliance Working with CDR Data What Might You use QoE Data for ? Helpdesk troubleshooting Early warnings Capacity monitoring Verifying deployment goals And many more uses... Working with QoE Data Review Where does it all fit in? Concept / technology review Deployment considerations Now what? Q&A Additional Resources on Web Office Communications Server Tech Center: http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/dd250572(office.13).aspx Archiving database schema: http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/dd572568(office.13).aspx CDR database schema: http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/dd572914(office.13).aspx New CDR Data in OCS 2007 R2 Multipart MIME invites Boss/Admin Team Call Capture both incoming and outgoing gateways Correlation ID Access types – internal/external Auth types: enterprise, federated, PIC, anonymous New in OCS 2007 R2 – New QoE Data Audio Quality New Echo metrics for the client New Speech/Signal and Noise metrics for the client Video Quality Metrics PSTN Mediation Server to Gateway leg reporting Transport Network Connectivity Information Wired v.s. WiFi Link Speed VPN or not Sample SQL Queries: Find top 10 A/V Conferencing Users (CDR) select top 10 users.UserUri, count(*) from McuJoinsAndLeaves as mjal join Users as users on (mjal.UserId=users.UserId) join Mcus as mcus on (mjal.McuId=mcus.McuId) where mcus.McuType = 'audio-video' group by users.UserUri order by count(*) desc Sample SQL Queries: Find Total Number of PSTN to UC calls (CDR) Select Count(*) as 'Number Of PSTN to UC Calls' From VoipDetails as voipd Join SessionDetails as sd on (voipd.SessionIdTime = sd.SessionIdTime and voipd.SessionIdSeq = sd.SessionIdSeq and sd.User1Id is null) and FromNumberId in (SELECT PhoneId from Phones) and GatewayId is not null Sample SQL Queries: Find IM Messages (Archiving) SELECT * from LcsLog.dbo.Messages, LcsLog.dbo.Users where LcsLog.dbo.Users.UserId = LcsLog.dbo.Messages.ToId and LcsLog.dbo.Users.UserUri = ‘[email protected]' This will show all IM messages sent and received by ‘[email protected]’ You may need to modify the query if you have modified the name of the database. Resources www.microsoft.com/teched www.microsoft.com/learning Sessions On-Demand & Community Microsoft Certification & Training Resources http://microsoft.com/technet http://microsoft.com/msdn Resources for IT Professionals Resources for Developers www.microsoft.com/learning Microsoft Certification and Training Resources Call to Action Learn More! Related Content at TechEd on “Related Content” Slide Attend in-person or consume post-event at TechEd Online Check out online learning/training resources http://technet.microsoft.com/exchange/2010 http://technet.microsoft.com/office/ocs Try It Out! Download the Exchange Server 2010 Beta Evaluation http://www.microsoft.com/exchange/2010/try-it Get a 5-Day Trial of Office Communications Server 2007 R2 https://r2.uctrial.com/ Related Content Breakout Sessions UNC205 – "What's new in Microsoft Office Communications Server 2007 R2" UNC309 – "Microsoft Office Communications Server 2007 R2 Dial-in audio conferencing UNC311 – "Planning Voice Deployments for Microsoft Office Communications Server 2007 R2" Interactive Theater Sessions UNC304-TLC – "Q&A: Troubleshooting Edge Server Issues in Office Communications Server 2007 R2" Hands-on Labs UNC05-HOL, - "Deploying and Configuring Office Communications Server 2007 R2 Enterprise Edition" UNC18-HOL – "Using the Managing and Troubleshooting Tools in Microsoft Office Communications Server 2007 R2" Complete an evaluation on CommNet and enter to win! © 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. 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