Transcript Human Communication: The Basic Course Twelfth Edition PowerPoint™ Presentations prepared by: Naomi Young University of California, San Diego Joseph A.

Human Communication:
The Basic Course
Twelfth Edition
PowerPoint™
Presentations
prepared by:
Naomi Young
University of California,
San Diego
Joseph A. DeVito
Hunter College of the City University of New York
Chapter Eleven:
Members and Leaders
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Chapter Goals
Learn About:
 The kinds of roles members play in
groups
 The types and styles of leadership
 The role of culture in membership and
leadership
Learn To:
 Participate more effectively as a group
member
 Lead a wide variety of groups effectively
and efficiently
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Members and Leaders
Members Roles-
patterns of behaviors that
we perform and that we’re expected by others to
perform
Three Types:
Group
task roles
Group building and
maintenance roles
Individual roles
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Group Task Roles
Initiatorcontributor
 Information
seeker
 Opinion seeker
 Information giver
 Opinion giver
 Elaborator

Coordinator
 Orienter
 Evaluator-critic
 Energizer
 Procedural
technician
 Recorder

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Group Building and
Maintenance Roles
 Encourager
 Harmonizer
 Compromiser
 Gatekeeper-Expediter
 Standard
setter
 Group observer
 Follower
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Individual Roles
 Aggressor
 Blocker
 Recognition
seeker
 Self-Confessor
 Playboy/playgirl
 Dominator
 Help seeker
 Special interest pleader
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Interaction Process Analysis
 Social-Emotional
positive
contributions
 Social-Emotional negative
contributions
 Attempted answers
 Questions
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Member Participation
Be group or team
oriented
 Center conflict on
issues
 Be critically openminded
 Ensure
understanding
 Beware of
groupthink

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Groupthink Behavior
 Illusion
of invulnerability
 Avoidance
 Assumption of morality
 Intolerance of differences of opinion
 Self-censorship
 Assumption of unanimity
 Gatekeeping
 Peer pressure
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Combating Groupthink
 Illustrate
how simplistic solutions
may not solve problem
 Encourage members to voice
disagreement
 Reward members who do voice
disagreement or doubt
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Leaders in Small Group
Communication
Leadership is the
process of
influencing the
thoughts, feelings,
and behaviors of
group members
 Leadership is the
process of
empowering others

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Leaders in Small Group
Communication
Typically one person serves as leader in a
small group
 Leadership may be shared by several
persons
 A person may be appointed the leader
 The leader may emerge, or may be
elected leader by the group members

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Leaders in Small Group
Communication


Emergent leaders perform the duties of
leadership, and gradually become recognized by
the members as the group’s leader
Two significant factors on who emerges as group
leader:
– The extent of active participation: The person who talks
the most is more likely to emerge as leader
– Effective listening: Members who listen effectively will
emerge as leaders
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Myths About Leadership
 Myth
1: The skills of leadership are
rare
 Myth 2: Leaders are born
 Myth 3: All leaders are charismatic
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Approaches to Leadership
 Traits
Approach
 Functional Approach
 Transformational Approach
 Situational Approach
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Function of Leadership
Be ready
 Activate the group
agenda
 Promote group
interaction
 Maintain effective
interaction
 Empower group
members

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Membership, Leadership, and
Culture
Individualism and Collectivism
 Member Roles
 Belief Systems
 Leadership Style

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Knowledge to Action
Think of an example
of an effective leader
that you worked with
and what made
them effective. How
might you
incorporate this
strategy into your
leadership?
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