Keeping things in context: A comparative evaluation of Focus Plus Context Screens, Overviews, and Zooming Patrick Baudisch Nathan Good, Victoria Bellotti, & Pamela Schraedley CHI ’02 April.
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Keeping things in context: A comparative evaluation of Focus Plus Context Screens, Overviews, and Zooming Patrick Baudisch Nathan Good, Victoria Bellotti, & Pamela Schraedley CHI ’02 April 24th 2002 • Who saw the demo talk yesterday? • Who has played with it “hand’s on”? • Who saw it at UIST? • Hardware – – • At least one hi-res display At least one larger low-res display Software – – scaling of the display content is preserved resolution varies • <Show video segment> Setup Focus plus context screens 1. What it is 2. What we thought the application areas are 3. What we learned from practitioners (field study) 4. How much faster, how much more accurate (lab experiment) 5. Conclusions Field study • • • • Who are the potential users? Do they lack display space? What do they currently use? What tasks should we simulate? Field study Static documents Dynamic Subject’s task Document/view Smallest object Smallest detail Web designer Page: 800 pixel Text: 10 pixel Table detail: 1 pixel 800 Mechanical engineer Polybot segment: 5cm Pin: 1mm Clearance: 0.03mm 2,000 Graphic designer Poster: 1m Text: 1cm Align: 0.5mm 2,000 Architect in remodeling Building: 50m Wall: 10cm Accuracy: 1cm 5,000 Photogrammetry (2) Highway 2 miles Curb: 6 inches Accuracy: 1 inch 100,000 Geographic info. system County: 80km Trees: 5m Land boundaries: 0.5m 160,000 Chip designers (2) Wafer: 12cm Conductive path: 3m Grid: 0.5m 240,000 Air traffic ctrl. tool builder Zone: 50km Airplane: 50m Plane distance in 25m steps 2,000 Ego shooter gamer Surrounding: 360º Distant opponent: 1º Aiming: 0.1º 3,000 Submarine ROV op. Surrounding: 360º Small fish: 1cm/0.5º Use arms: 1mm/0.05º 8,000 Strategy gamers (2) Map: 30k pixel Missile: 3 pixel Aiming: 1 pixel ? Ratio 30,000 Display technology What participants used homogeneous resolution 4 Visualization Same # of pixels focus plus context screen fisheye overview plus detail 5 4 4 wall-size, hi-res display Available to ½ of participants Lab experiment • how much faster? • how much more accurate? • how much more satisfying? Experiment 1: “static documents” • 3 interfaces: – focus plus context screen – overview + detail – homogeneous • • • • 2 tasks 12 subjects from Xerox PARC Within subjects, counter-balanced Same number of pixels Task 1: Closest hotel 8 maps per interface F+C screen and O+D use same magnification factor Task 2: Verify connections Verify a different set of 24 connections on the board Results 21% faster 36% faster Map task Board task z+p (N=12) 453.3 (236.6) 568.3 (187.1) f+c (N=12) 325.0 (176.4) 378.8 (71.2) o+d (N=12) 414.0 (199.9) 593.5 (232.0) Average task completion times in seconds (standard dev.) visually more ambiguous manually zooming takes time visually switching between views is ok but reorientation takes time Experiment 2: Driving simulation 120 sec sequence 100 fields of nails; 30 rocks; tradeoff Results Run-over nails Rocks hit Error rate only 1/3 of twomonitor setup o+d f+c 20.9 (10.3) 9.5 (4.1) 6.6 (3.1) 1.9 (1.9) Mean number of collisions subjects caused in the car task (and standard deviation). Subjects preferred the f+c interface What we learned • We thought: Chip designers need it • We learned: Real strength is dynamic content – Have unexpected context information – Two monitoring tasks at the same time If I had to commercialize today… • Build all-analog immersive video link – – – – Immersive tele-presence, Remote operated vehicles, drones Immersive VR Remote Medicine “Hand’s on” demo all week in the Commons` Future work: ContextWall Special Thanks • • • • • • • Michael Brueckner Dale McDonald Jim Kurien Sacramento Department of Transportation Monterey Bay Aquarium NASA Our subjects • People who like golden frames END Extra slides Further reading on f+c screens [1] P. Baudisch, N. Good, and P. Stewart. Focus Plus Context Screens: Combining Display Technology with Visualization Techniques. In Proceedings of UIST ‘01, Orlando, FL, November 2001, pp.31-40. [2] P. Baudisch, N. Good, V. Bellotti, and P. Schraedley. Keeping Things in Context: A Comparative Evaluation of Focus Plus Context Screens, Overviews, and Zooming. To appear in Proceedings of CHI 2002, Minneapolis, MN, April 2002. [3] P. Baudisch and N. Good. Focus Plus Context Screens: Displays for Users Working with Large Visual Documents. To appear in CHI 2002 Extended Abstracts (Demo paper), Minneapolis, MN, April 2002. [4] P. Baudisch. Focus Plus Context Screens. To appear in CHI 2002 Video Summaries, Minneapolis, MN, April 2002. [5] P. Baudisch and N. Good. Focus Plus Context Screens: Visual Context and Immersion on the Desktop. To appear at SIGGRAPH 2002 (Demo paper), San Antonio, TX, July 2002. [PDF] [6] Y. Bhattacharjee. In a Seamless Image, the Great and Small. In The New York Times, Thursday, March 14, 2002. Try it Focus Plus Context Screens, hand’s on demo Anytime in the Commons Video The CHI Video proceedings, first video on the tape Surf http://www.PatrickBaudisch.com More P. Baudisch, N. Good, and P. Stewart. Focus Plus Context Screens: Combining Display Technology with Visualization Techniques. In Proceedings of UIST ‘01, Orlando, FL, November 2001, pp.31-40. Y. Bhattacharjee. In a Seamless Image, the Great and Small. In The New York Times, Thursday, March 14, 2002. Focus Plus Context Screens: Visual Context and Immersion on the Desktop. Emerging technologies demo at SIGGRAPH 2002, San Antonio, TX, July 2002. END Who Needs it? • People to target – People who could benefit from the strengths of f+c. • • • • • Peripheral awareness Large Documents Zoom frequently switch views frequently Users who work long hours in one location Linux/VNC viewer app focus server input viewer context Image viewer mouse fork input .gif ACDsee focus .gif ACDsee context Photo shop Field study Static documents Dynamic Subject’s task Document/view Smallest object Web designer Page: 800 pixel Text: 10 pixel Mechanical engineer Polybot segment: 5cm Pin: 1mm Graphic designer Poster: 1m Text: 1cm Architect in remodeling Building: 50m Wall: 10cm Photogrammetry (2) Highway 2 miles Curb: 6 inches Geographic info. system County: 80km Trees: 5m Chip designers (2) Wafer: 12cm Conductive path: 3m Air traffic ctrl. tool builder Zone: 50km Airplane: 50m Ego shooter gamer Surrounding: 360º Distant opponent: 1º Submarine ROV op. Surrounding: 360º Small fish: 1cm/0.5º Strategy gamers (2) Map: 30k pixel Missile: 3 pixel