Transcript PHYSICAL PROPERTY    Any characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substances in the material. THINK/PAIR/SHARE:

PHYSICAL PROPERTY
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Any characteristic of a material that can be observed or
measured without changing the composition of the
substances in the material.
THINK/PAIR/SHARE: What are some words that you
would use to describe the physical properties of matter?
Investigation:
 Hold a sheet of newspaper horizontally. Now tear it in
to strips.
 Repeat, but this time hold the newspaper vertically.
 Is there a difference in your ability to tear the
newspaper?
 Why? The molecules are chained together in a line. It
is easier to separate the chains lengthwise than break
the chains in half.
EXAMPLE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Property
Definition
Color
the wavelengths of light matter reflects
Conductivity
the ability to allow heat and electricity flow
Density
how tightly packed matter is in a certain amount of space
Durability
matter’s resistance to breakage
Hardness
the ability of materials to scratch one another
Luster
the ability of a metal to reflect light
Malleability
the ability of a solid to be hammered without breaking
Mass
the amount of matter an object contains
Odor
the way matter smells
Solubility
the ability to dissolve in water
Temperature
as the temperature increases so does the speed of the particles.
Changes (BP/MP) Particle speed determines if matter is a solid, liquid, or a gas.
Texture
the way matter feels
Transparency
Viscosity
Volume
the property that enables light to be transmitted through matter
a liquid’s resistance to flowing (usually decreases when
temperature is increased)
the amount of space occupied by an object
CHEMICAL PROPERTY
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Any ability a material has to produce change in the
composition of matter.
THINK/PAIR/SHARE: What are some words that you would
use to describe the chemical properties of matter?
Demonstrations:
Property
Definition
Example
Flammability
the ability to burn in the presence of oxygen
Oxygen Gas
Reactivity
the way one type of matter behaves when in
comes in contact with another type of matter
Potassium Iodide &
Lead Nitrate
how readily a substance combines with other
substances
Light Production
the ability to create light
Magnesium
Gas Production
the ability to create a gas
Baking Soda &
Vinegar
Color Change
the ability to cause a change in color
Bloody Awesome
Demo
EXPLAINING MATTER’S PROPERTIES
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THINK/PAIR/SHARE: Why is matter so different? Why
are there so many different kinds of matter?
 The properties of matter are determined partially by how
its particles are arranged. For example, the graphite in
your pencil is made up of the same particles as a
diamond, they are just arranged differently.
THINK/PAIR/SHARE: Can you use the properties of a
known substance to help you identify an unknown
substance? If so, then how would you do it?
 Yes, of course you can use the properties of a known
substance to identify and unknown substance!
 The first step is to decide which properties to test. Then,
carry out the tests on a sample of the unknown. Finally,
compare the results with the data reported for known
materials.
EXPLAINING MATTER’S PROPERTIES
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Physical and chemical properties are used to …
 identify a material
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choose a material for a specific purpose
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EXAMPLE: Water boils at 100oC at sea level
EXAMPLE: Copper is an excellent conductor of electricity and
that’s why we use it for wiring.
to separate the substances in a mixture
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EXAMPLE: You can pick all the Crunch Berries out of a cereal
bowl because you like them the best!
Filtration is a process that separates materials
based on the size of their particles.
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EXAMPLE: Coffee or tea, Using a strainer
Distillation is a process that separates the
substances in a solution based on their boiling
points.
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EXAMPLE: Converting saltwater to freshwater
LET’S PRACTICE
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Tools of the Physical Scientist – The Bunsen
Burner Lab