Transcript Medical Mycology Systemic Mycoses Hugh B. Fackrell Filename; fungi_system.ppt 11/6/2015 Fungal Infections Opportunistic Infections  Superficial fungal infections  Cutaneous Mycoses  Subcutaneous Mycoses   Systemic Mycoses 11/6/2015

Medical Mycology
Systemic Mycoses
Hugh B. Fackrell
Filename; fungi_system.ppt
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Fungal Infections
Opportunistic Infections
 Superficial fungal infections
 Cutaneous Mycoses
 Subcutaneous Mycoses
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 Systemic
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Mycoses
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Systemic or Deep Mycoses
 Histoplasmosis
 Coccidiomycosis
 Blastomycosis
 Cryptococcosis
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Histoplasmosis before HIV
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Before the appearance of HIV, approximately 95%
of the cases reported of histoplasmosis capsulati
where inapparent, subclinical, or benign and five
percent of them where a chronic progressive lung
disease with chronic cutaneous or systemic
disease, or an acute fulminating fatal systemic
disease.
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Histoplasmosis After HIV
Now the disease is almost always seen in
HIV positive patients or other
immunocompromised individuals.
 All stages of this disease may mimic
tuberculosis.
 Histoplasmosis may coexist with
actinomycosis, other mycoses, sarcoidosis,
or tuberculosis.
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Histoplasmosis
Histoplasma capsulatum
 Ohio,Mississippi valleys
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v
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Coccidiomycosis
 SW
deserts, San Joaquin
 Coccidioides immitus
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Valley Fever
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Blastomycosis
Blastomyces dermatitidi
 as histo but rarer.
 Canada- Manitoba and St.Lawrence river
valley
 Disease in horses.
– Veternarians at risk.
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Cryptococcosis
Cryptococcus neoformans
 Sporadic
 Pigeons
 Meningitis form
– fatal
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Click on image for more details
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Systemic Mycoses:
Disease Patterns
 Subacute
respiratory infection
 Acute infection
 Severe disseminated infection
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Systemic Mycoses:
Subacute Respiratory Infection
Low fever
 Non-productive cough
 Mild & self limiting
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Systemic Mycoses:
Acute Infections
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Productive cough
purulent sputum
pain in chest
Weight loss.
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night sweats
X-ray positive
one,many lesions
consolidation
Differential diagnosis: pneumonia, tumour.
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Systemic Mycoses:
Severe Disseminated Infections

Acute Infections +
– spread to other organs
– chronic
Differential diagnosis t.b.
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Systemic Mycoses:
Diagnosis
 X-ray
 Immunochemical
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skin test
serology
 Microscopy
Sputum
biopsy
autopsy
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Systemic Mycoses:
Transmission
Fungal spores inhaled ...pneumonitis..no
human to human transmission
Primary source bird and bat droppings and
roosts. If roosts disturbed- dust, aerosol .
Chickens, Pigeons,starlings.
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Systemic Mycoses:
Treatment
Amphotericin B
and/or
5-fluorocytosine
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