Transcript Information Visualization Course Web Design Prof. Anselm Spoerri [email protected] © Anselm Spoerri Lecture 7 – Overview Meaning – Recap: Web Design Matrix – Presentation Pyramid Mechanics – AP Element.

Information Visualization Course
Web Design
Prof. Anselm Spoerri
[email protected]
© Anselm Spoerri
Lecture 7 – Overview
Meaning
– Recap: Web Design Matrix
– Presentation Pyramid
Mechanics
– AP Element Recap
– AP Element and Elastic Layout
– Interaction Design: Rollovers
– Dreamweaver Step-by-Step Demos
– Interactivity: Rollovers | Image Maps | AP Elements
– Fireworks
– Recap
– New Features: Import Image, Text as Mask
© Anselm Spoerri
Recap – Web Guiding Principles
Common Sense
– No right way to design, but there are better ways :)
Make it short
– More likely to be used and remembered
– Cut in ½ and cut in ½ again
Don't make me think
– Get rid of question marks - each item has clear purpose
Make it work at a glance
– People have little time
Support intented task - manage expectations
© Anselm Spoerri
User Behavior
 Design
Implications
 Design
Specifics
User Behavior
 Design
Implications
 Design
Specifics
Scan pages - don't read them
• Design for Scanning
1
Use Grid System
• Make page work at a glance
• Create Visual Hierarchy
Choose first “reasonable item”
• Make obvious what you can do
Muddle through
2
Create Visual Hierarchy
and Guide Eye
• Don't make users think
Stick to what works
• Repetition & Consistency
3
Typography Heuristics
© Anselm Spoerri
Presentation Pyramid: Summary  Paragraph  Page
Summary
Two to Three Paragraphs
More detailed information
© Anselm Spoerri
Recap – CSS: AP Element = AP Div
AP Element = Absolutely Positioned Element = AP Div
Specify exact coordinates with respect to:
•
•
Body / AP parent element (position: absolute)
Browser window (position: fixed) [not all browsers support it]
then set top, right, bottom and/or left: value;
 takes element out of “natural/normal flow”
• More Layout Control & Flexibility
•
•
Layout flexibility like in print design
Change visibility of AP Elements
• Nesting AP Elements
•
Inherit properties from parent AP Element such as visibility
AP elements can overlap  specify a stacking order
(z-index) to position elements in 3D.
Vertical-align:
baseline/ middle / sub / super / top / bottom / text-top / text-bottom
© Anselm Spoerri
AP Elements and Elastic Layout
Incorporate AP Elements into Elastic Layout
– AP Elements takes “div” out of the “linear flow” of page
position: relative
– Add position: relative to ancestor element to which you want
your absolutely positioned element to be offset; otherwise element
will be offset with respect to body or AP parent.
– relative element will not show up in AP Panel in DW
© Anselm Spoerri
AP Elements and Elastic Layout
(cont.)
#container { /* width: 80%; margin: 0 auto; */}
#mainContent {/* properties */ }
#apDiv1 { position: absolute; left: 25px; top: 25px; }
<div id=“container”>
<div id=“mainContent”>
<div id=“apDiv1”>Hello</div>
</div>
</div>
 apDiv1 will NOT move with #container
when browser width is changed
How to change this?
 Add position: relative to #container declaration
#container {position: relative; /* elastic properties */; }
© Anselm Spoerri
Interaction Design
Interactivity Choices
– Rollovers
– “Jointed” = interact with page element and it changes its appearance
 example
– “Disjointed” = interact with page element and OTHER elements change
 example
– Image Maps
– Interact with Hotspots = Circle, Rectangle, Polygon
 example
– AP Elements
– Control Visibility
 example
© Anselm Spoerri
Disjointed Rollover
1.
2.
3.
4.
Select Graphic
Select “+” in Behavior Window
Select “Swap Image”
Select Image(s) to swap and browse to
replacement image (* indicator now next to image)
5. Select “Preload Images”
Importance of NAMING your graphic elements
© Anselm Spoerri
“Behavior Management”
Changing Which Event Triggers Action
– Select Event in “Behaviors” Window
– Press on black triangle
and pull down menu appears
– Select which event triggers behavior
(mouse click or mouse over etc.)
Multiple Behaviors
–Can attach multiple actions to same object
–Action for “MouseOver” (Default)
–Action for “MouseClick”
–Etc.
–Press “+” icon and select
© Anselm Spoerri
“Behavior Management” – Show Events for …
Only “onMouseOver” event visible?
Or
Most of Behaviors grayed out?
Select this
to have more
EVENT and
BEHAVIOR options
© Anselm Spoerri
Image Map
Create Hotspot(s)
– Select Image
– Select hotspot tool in “Properties Inspector”
– Make sure all Property Inspector options visible
(if not, click bottom right triangle)
– Rectangle / Circle: draw shape over hotspot region
– Polygon: trace contour of hotspot region by clicking mouse
– Select Hopsot using “hotspot selection arrow”
– Attach Behavior
© Anselm Spoerri
Dreamweaver – Example – Step by Step
Layout & Interactions
– Create layout for navigation and multiple images
– Work with Animated GIFs
– Create Disjointed Rollovers
– Use of "blank images" that can be swapped
– Assign "image swaps"
– Orchestration of multiple Animated GIFs
– Create Image Map: move over, single click, double click
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 0 – Download files and Initialize
Download Files and Images
Launch Dreamweaver
Initialize
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File > New
View > select “Design”
View > Rulers > select “Show” and “Pixels”
Windows > select “Properties” and “Behaviors”
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 1a – Create AP Elements
Create AP Element
– Standard Mode + Layout View
– Insert > Layout Object > AP Div
or
Click “Draw AP Div” button in “Insert” panel, then drag to draw
ID = “Main”; Width = 700; Height = 500; L = 0; T = 0;
Nested AP Elements in “Main” AP Element
1. ID = “Left”; Width = 100; Height = 50; L = 300; T = 50;
2. ID = “Right”; Width = 100; Height = 50; L = 500; T = 50;
3. ID = “Center”; Width = 300; Height = 300; L = 300; T = 150;
4. ID = “ImageMap”; Width = 200; Height = 200; L = 50; T = 200;
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 1b – Create Tables Inside AP Element
Open file “layout1a” to continue
Create Table inside of AP Element
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Place Cursor inside “Center” AP Element
Insert > Table 3 Columns x 3 Rows
Select all Nine Cells
Property Inspector : Width = Height = 100
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 1c – Insert Images and Assign Names
Open file “layout1b” to continue
Insert Images
– Place Cursor inside “Left” AP Element
– Insert > Image
– “Select Image Source” dialog opens
– Select “images” folder
– Select “bilbao_L”
Name Image
– Select image (you want to name)
– “Properties Inspector” changes to “Image” and its thumbnail shows
– Enter name “bilbao” next to thumbnail
Why name image?
– Want to be able to refer to image (and select in a list)
e.g. so that we swap it with another image in rollover
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 1d – Insert Images and Assign Names
Insert & Name Images
– Place Cursor inside AP Element / Table Cell
(if cell is selected you can not insert)
– Insert > Image
– “Right” AP Element = “dancebutton” and name it “dance”
– 9 Cells of 3x3 Table:
– Cell1and1 = “whiteCell”
– Cell1and2 = “whiteCell”
…
– Cell3and2 = “whiteCell”
– Cell3and3 = “whiteCell”
and name “cell1and1”
and name “cell1and2”
and name “cell3and2”
and name “cell3and3”
Why white placeholder images?
– Will be used for “disjointed rollover”
e.g. when we move mouse across “dance” image
the placeholders will be exchanged with dance images
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 2a – Create Simple Rollover Using Behaviors
Open file “layout2” to continue (press F12 to view in Browser)
Attach Behavior to Image
– Select image = “dance”
(BTW: similar for text)
– In “Properties” window, enter dummy hyperlink = #
into hyperlink field
– In “Behaviors” window, select “+” icon
– Select “Swap Image” in pull down menu
– Specify which of listed images should swapped
with which another image (using “Browse” and “Select”)
1. Select “dance”
2. Browse to & select “dance_text”
(a star symbol will be placed to
image being swapped)
Always select “Preload Images”
If want initial images restored
on MouseOut, select check box
For now do not select it.
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 2b – Create Simple Rollover Using Behaviors
Done so far (Open file “layout2a” to continue)
Attached Simple Rollover to “dance” so mouse-over changes it to “dance_text”
 Use F12 to test it
Next
Attached Simple Rollover to “bilbao” so mouse-over changes it to “bilbao_text”
Attach Behavior to Image
= “bilbao”
– Select image = “bilbao”
– In “Behaviors” window, select “+” icon
– Select “Swap Image” in pull down menu
– Select “bilbao” and Browse to & select “bilbao_text”
– “Restore Images on MouseOut” not selected
What is missing?
– When moving mouse over “dance” we want “bilbao” to change as well
 We want to create a Disjointed Rollover, where not only image we move
mouse over is changed
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 2c – Create Disjointed Rollover Using Behaviors
Done so far (Open file “layout2b” to continue)
Attached Simple Rollovers to “dance” and “bilbao”
Next
Attach Disjointed Rollover to “dance” so “bilbao” changes to “bilbao_L”
Attach Disjointed Rollover to “bilbao” so “dance” changes to “dancebutton”
Attach Behavior to Image
Select image = “dance”
– In “Behaviors” window, double click on “Swap Image” behavior
– In “Behavior - Swap Image dialog” for “dance” image
– Select “bilbao” and Browse to & select “bilbao_L”
– “Restore Images on MouseOut” not selected
Select image = “bilbao”
– In “Behaviors” window, double click on “Swap Image” behavior
– In “Behavior - Swap Image dialog” for “bilbao” image
– Select “dance” and Browse to & select “dancebutton”
– “Restore Images on MouseOut” not selected
Use F12 to test it
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 2d – Add Disjointed Rollovers Using Behaviors
Add further Disjointed Rollovers to “dance” image (Open file “layout2c” to continue)
Select “dance” image
In “Behaviors” window, double click on “Swap Image” behavior
Still in “Behavior - Swap Image dialog” for “dance” image
– Select “cell1and1” and browse & select “dance1_1”
– Select “cell1and2” and browse & select “dance1_2”
…
– Select “cell3and3” and browse & select “dance3_3”
– Make sure “Preload Images” selected
“Restore Images on MouseOut” not selected
Press F12 to test page in Browser
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 2e – Add Disjointed Rollovers Using Behaviors
Add further Disjointed Rollovers to “bilbao” image (Open file “layout2d” to continue)
Select “bilbao” image
In “Behaviors” window, double click on “Swap Image” behavior
“Behavior - Swap Image dialog” for “bilbao” image
– Select “cell1and1” and browse & select “bilbao1_1”
– Select “cell1and2” and browse & select “bilbao1_2”
…
– Select “cell3and3” and browse & select “bilbao3_3”
– Make sure “Preload Images” selected
“Restore Images on MouseOut” not selected
The “bilbaox_x” images are Animated GIFs
– Open in Fireworks if you want to examine them
© Anselm Spoerri
Coordinating Animated GIFs
Example
Corners
Middle
Center
State 1
State 2
State 3
State 4
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 3 – Creating Image Map
Open file “layout3” to continue
Insert Images
– “lmageMap” AP Element = “imagemap” and name it “imagemap”
Open file “layout3plus”
Create Hotspot
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Select “imagemap” image
Select “Polygon” hotspot tool in “Properties” window
Trace contour of dancer by clicking mouse along contour
Select Hopsot that was created
Attach “Swap Image” behavior
and make same swaps as with “dance” image
but “Restore Images on MouseOut” selected
– Swapped on mouse click = “onClick”
Final file “layout4”
© Anselm Spoerri
AP Elements – Interactivity Demo
Download Files and Images
Demo
Use Tracing Image to Guide Placement of AP Elements
Use AP Elements to create “disjointed” rollover without need to use GIF
or JPEG images example
Launch Dreamweaver
Panels open: Properties, Insert, AP Elements
Show Rulers and Grid
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 1 – Tracing Image
Tracing Image Example
– File > New: HTML and <blank> Layout and Transitional
– Modify > Page Properties : select sans serif typeface
– Modify > Page Properties : select “Tracing Image” category
– Browse for tracing image = “i-R_Opening_Page”
and set transparency = 50%
– Standard Mode:
– Create main AP Element that will hold other elements
L = 0px; T = 0px; W = 600px; H = 600px  view in Split View
– Create four AP Elements (along earth contour) nested in main AP Element
– Enter text : experiment with size / bolding to create “visual flow”
– Experiment with visibility setting of main and/or “children” AP Elements
Step-by-Step files: tracingimage1, tracingimage2, tracingimage3
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 2a – Create AP Elements with Images
Create AP Elements with Images
– Click “Draw AP Div” button in “Insert” panel, then drag to draw
– AP Element0: W = 800; H = 800; ID = Main;
– AP Element1: W = 160; H = 120; ID = Paris; Overflow = hidden;
– AP Element2: W = 160; H = 120; ID = Furcup; Overflow = hidden;
– Select AP Elements
(using SHIFT select)
and apply “Modify > Align = Left”
– “Paris” AP Element: Insert image “paris” …
Preview in Browser (press F12 for IE): notice overflow hidden
Select image and resize to 160 x 120 and ID = paris
Press F12: whole image now visible
– “Furcup” AP Element: Insert image “furcup” and resize to 160 x 120
and ID = furcup
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 2b – Create Text AP Elements and Manage Visibility
Open file “layers1”
Create AP Elements with Text
– Click “Draw AP Div” (AP Element) button in “Layout” toolbar, then drag to draw
– AP Element3: W = 250, H = 150, ID = IntroText, Visibility = Hidden
– AP Element4: select and copy “IntroText” AP Element,
deselect and paste; rename it “ParisText” in AP Elements Panel
(notice: new AP element is in exact same position as “IntroText” as we want it;
but it is not nested inside “Main” AP Element)
hold Control key as you drag “ParisText” below “Main”
– AP Element5: copy & paste “IntroText” and rename “FurcupText”
Perform same steps as for “ParisText”
Enter text into AP Elements
– Select AP Element in “AP Element” Panel and enter text
AP Elements / AP Element Visibility Management
– “AP Elements” Window: click in “eye” column to make “IntoText” = visible
and drag “IntroText” to top of stack
– Make “ParisText” and “FurcupText” = invisible
© Anselm Spoerri
Step 2c – Use AP Elements to create “disjointed” rollover
Open file “layers2”
Attach “Show-Hide Elements” Behavior
– Select “paris” image (can also select AP div that contains image)
– “Behavior” Window: click “+” and select “Show-Hide Elements”
– “Show Hide Elements” Dialog: select “IntroText” and “hide”
– “ParisText” = show and “”FurcupText” = hide
– “Behavior” Window: select event associated with “paris” image
and click on pull-down menu to select “(onMouseOver)”
– Attach behavior for “(onMouseOut)” to image “paris”
(can also select AP div that contains image)
where now “IntroText” = show and “ParisText” & “FurcupText” = hide
© Anselm Spoerri
Resources: Behaviors - General
How to Attach Behavior to Text
– Can not attach a behavior to plain text.
– Easiest way is to add a null link (#) to the text,
then attach a behavior to the null link.
Behaviors Window
– Window > Behaviors
– Press (+) to attach action.
Press (-) to remove selected action.
– Actions for a given event are executed in specified order.
Use (up) and (down) arrow buttons move the selected action.
– Order of execution of actions can be changed only for a
particular event, e.g. onLoad or onClick event.
– Different events appear depending on the object selected.
Make sure the correct page element or tag is selected.
– To select a specific tag, use the tag selector at the bottom left of
the Document window.
– “Show Events For” specifies the browsers in which the current
behavior should work.
© Anselm Spoerri
Resources: Events – Useful Subset
onClick
– User clicks element and releases mouse
onDblClick
– User double-clicks the specified element
onLoad
– Generated when an image or page is loaded
onMouseDown
– User presses the mouse button
onMouseOver
– Mouse first moves over specified element
onMouseUp
– Generated when a pressed mouse button is released
© Anselm Spoerri
Recap – Fireworks: Simple Image Manipulation
Goal
– Create or manipulate image to create Visual Focus & Hierarchy
– Create imagery for Navigation Bar, Rollovers or Image Map
– Create frames for Animated GIF
Create Smaller Image
– Modify > Canvas > Image Size
– Specify Width / Height
– Make sure width & height linked (check “Constrain Proportions” box)
– File > Image Preview > Export
(do not overwrite original)
Create Image of Specific Size
– Select “Crop” tool
– Specify Crop Area by holding mouse down and moving cursor
– Change size of crop area by interacting with its corner handles
– Move crop area by selecting inside crop area
– Double–click or enter Enter
– File > Image Preview > Export
© Anselm Spoerri
Recap – Fireworks: Selection
Goal
– Want to combine part of image with other images to create collage
How?
– Create Selection
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Select object you want select (parts of) or trace
Select “Selection” or “Lasso” tool
Perform Selection or Lasso Action
Edit > Copy
Edit > Paste (new object is created)
– Control Layer Visibility and Stacking Order in “Layers” Panel
– (De)select EYE icon and select & drag layer to desired stack position
– Control Object Properties
– Select Object and use Properties Inspector
Selection / Lasso Tool
– Rectangular or Rounded, Circle, Ellipse
– Click Tool icon, hold mouse and choose shape of selection
– Square or Circle - hold down shift key while drag mouse
– Lasso, Polygon Lasso
– Lasso: Hold down mouse and draw shape - release of mouse closes shape
– Polygon: Mouse click creates corner - double click closes polygon
© Anselm Spoerri
Recap – Fireworks: Create Text and Images for Animation
Goal: Create Text
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Text for buttons in Navigation Bar
Text for links or captions in Image Map
Add text to frame of Animated GIF
How?
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Select “Text” tool
Move Cursor & Click Mouse where you want text to start
Text Property Inspector: type face & size, anti-aliasing, color, effects
Type (text layer is created – make sure layer towards top of stack)
Select “Pointer” Tool to move text
Select “Text” Tool and select (part of) text to change its properties
Create Images for Animated GIF
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Select “Crop” tool
Specify Width & Height
Create Cropped Image Area and double–click
File > Image Preview > Export as GIF
Apply “Edit > Undo” to go back to state before “crop” action
and return to step 3.
© Anselm Spoerri
Fireworks - Import Image
File > Import …
(navigate to image you want)
Align Insertion Pointer and Click
with upper left corner of canvas or location of your choice.
– If you hold & drag mouse, then you can specify size of inserted image.
Specify Transparency
– Select object
– Specify transparency in Property Inspector
See “Lec6InsertImage.png” file
© Anselm Spoerri
Fireworks - Using Text as a Mask
Create or Select Text Object
Position Text Object
so that so that it overlaps object or group of objects to be masked
Edit > Cut Text Object
Select Object(s) to Mask
– If masking multiple objects, they must be grouped
Edit > Paste as Mask
or Modify > Mask > Paste as Mask
See “Lec6TextMask.png” file
© Anselm Spoerri