Timber Prescriptions Recommendations After measuring trees, determining volumes, grades, and values What is the future goal of this site? Based on.
Download ReportTranscript Timber Prescriptions Recommendations After measuring trees, determining volumes, grades, and values What is the future goal of this site? Based on.
Timber Prescriptions Recommendations After measuring trees, determining volumes, grades, and values What is the future goal of this site? Based on what is here and what you want to be here in the future, how do you proceed? More in Silviculture class Prescriptions No Action – reserved habitat, scenic or old growth Regeneration Harvest Even Aged or Two-Aged Clear Cut Harvest, Salvage or Sanitation Seed Tree Shelterwood Uneven Aged Group Selection Single Tree Selection Intermediate Harvest – enhance Composition, Growth, or Quality Thinning, Salvage or Sanitation Understory Management – release treatments (thin or Herbicide) Clearcutting Most economical harvest method Mimics natural disasters Most potential to damage site Using BMPs helps reduce damage Better for genetics than high grading Unsightly Politically unpopular Not well suited to highly complex, multitiered ecosystems like the rain forest Clearcutting Types Complete – includes removal of non-commercial stems Patch – small tracts within a large forested area harvested creating a mosaic of different even-aged stands Strip – trees removed in row perpendicular to prevailing wind direction to reduce windthrow Cut with reserves – leaving certain trees such as snags for wildlife Patch Clearcuts Clearcutting - Then Clearcutting - Now Seed Tree Cut Best for trees with wind-borne seeds (pines, ash, etc.) Requires 2 harvest operations thus less economical but saves planting costs if successful (pines again) Seed trees susceptible to damage (wind, lightning, etc.) Less ugly and controversial Seed Tree Cut Seed Tree Cut Shelterwood Cut Helps regenerate more shade tolerant species Provides protective cover for developing stand Similar to seed tree but with 3 treatments 1. Remove about 50% of the overstory (~50 leave trees/acre) 2. Remove about half of the remaining overstory 3. Remove the rest of the overstory Must take care to not damage regeneration during successive treatments More visually appealing Shelterwood Types Strip – reduces damage to residual stand Uniform – spacing of residual trees Group – residual trees in small groups Irregular – residual trees left longer than normal Natural – let the stand dictate the process Shade Tolerance Shade tolerant Abies balsamea, Balsam Fir Acer negundo, Boxelder Acer saccharum, Sugar Maple Aesculus spp., Buckeyes Carpinus caroliniana, American Hornbeam Chamaecyparis thyoides, Atlantic White Cypress or Atlantic Whitecedar Cornus florida, Flowering Dogwood Diospyros spp., Persimmon Fagus grandifolia, American Beech Ilex opaca, American Holly Magnolia grandiflora, Southern Magnolia Morus rubra, Red Mulberry Nyssa spp., Tupelos Ostrya virginiana, Eastern Hophornbeam Picea glauca, White Spruce Picea mariana, Black Spruce Picea rubens, Red Spruce Tilia americana, Basswood Thuja occidentalis, Northern White Cedar Tsuga canadensis, Eastern Hemlock Intermediate shade tolerant Acer rubrum, Red Maple Acer saccharinum, Silver Maple Betula alleghaniensis, Yellow Birch Betula lenta, Sweet Birch Carya spp., Hickories Castanea dentata, American Chestnut Celtis occidentalis, Hackberry Fraxinus americana, White Ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Green Ash Fraxinus nigra, Black Ash Magnolia spp., Magnolias Pinus elliottii, Slash Pine Pinus strobus, Eastern White Pine Quercus alba, White Oak Quercus macrocarpa, Bur Oak Quercus nigra, Black Oak Quercus rubra, Northern Red Oak Taxodium distichum, Bald Cypress Ulmus americana, American Elm Ulmus thomasii, Rock Elm Shade intolerant Betula papyrifera, Paper Birch Betula populifolia, Gray Birch Catalpa spp., Catalpas Carya illinoinensis, Pecan Gymnocladus dioicus, Kentucky Coffeetree Juglans cinerea, Butternut Juglans nigra, Black Walnut Juniperus virginiana, Eastern Red Cedar Larix laricina, Tamarack Liriodendron tulipifera, Yellow poplar Maclura pomifera, Osage Orange Pinus banksiana, Jack Pine Pinus echinata, Shortleaf Pine Pinus palustris, Longleaf Pine Pinus resinosa, Red Pine Pinus rigida, Pitch Pine Pinus taeda, Loblolly pine Pinus virginiana, Virginia Pine Platanus occidentalis, Sycamore Populus deltoides, Eastern Cottonwood Populus grandidentata, Big-Tooth Aspen Populus tremuloides, Quaking Aspen Prunus pensylvanica, Pin Cherry Prunus serotina, Black Cherry Robinia pseudoacacia, Black Locust Salix spp., Willows Sassafras spp., Sassafras Selection Cut Removes trees (either singles or groups) leaving an uneven aged stand (generally 3 aged). More difficult to implement. Provides more economic returns than other systems. Protects site better than other systems. Best for Shade Tolerant species. Best for sensitive wildlife USFS Regulation Classes I = Even-aged Management Clearcutting with or without thinning Shelterwood with or without thinning II = Special Conditions Non-timber objectives = Longer rotations than optimum for timber III = Marginal Timber Yield Single tree/tree groups for sanitation, salvage or hazard reduction Stand maintenance (SMZ or highways) Regeneration encouragement Single tree/Group selection