The crisis in NYC class sizes & threat to student privacy Presentation to Community Education Council District 22 March 7, 2013

Leonie Haimson, Class Size Matters

Why is class size important?

• Class size reduction one of 4 reforms proven to work through rigorous evidence, acc. to Inst. Education Sciences, research arm of US Ed Dept. * • Benefits esp large for disadvantaged & minority students, very effective at narrowing the achievement gap.

• NYC schools have largest class sizes in state; • 2003, NY ’ s highest court said students denied constitutional right to adequate education in part due to excessive class sizes (Campaign for Fiscal Equity decision).

• 86% of NYC principals say cannot provide a quality education because of excessive class sizes.

• • Smaller classes top priority of parents on DOE learning environment surveys every year.

*Other three K-12 evidence-based reforms, are one-on-one tutoring by qualified tutors for at-risk readers in grades 1-3, Life-Skills training for junior high students, and instruction for early readers in phonemic awareness and phonics.

Stagnant achievement in NYC schools under Bloomberg

• NYC students have fallen further behind their peers in other large cities, according to national assessments (NAEPs), coming in 2 nd to last in progress since 2003; • NYC also only large district where non-poor students have lower NAEP average scores than in 2003.

• Only 21% of NYC HS grads are considered “ college ready ” ; 13 – 15% of Black and Hispanic students; • Students needing triple remediation* at CUNY have doubled in last 5 years. *

Triple remediation means make-up classes in reading, writing & math.

Contracts for Excellence

• In April 2007, NY State settled the Campaign for Fiscal decision by passing the Contracts for Excellence (C4E) law. • State agreed to send billions in additional aid to NYC & other high needs school districts; to spend in six approved areas, including class size reduction.* • In addition, NYC had to submit a plan to reduce class size in all grades.

• In 2007, the state approved DOE ’ s plan to reduce class sizes on average to 20 students per class in K-3; 23 in grades 4-8 and 25 in core HS classes.

• In return, NYC has received more than $2.5 billion in cumulative state C4E funds since 2007.

*other allowed programs include Time on Task; Teacher & Principal Quality; Middle & HS Restructuring; Full-Day Pre-K; & Model Programs for English Language Learners

25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 City’s class sizes have risen sharply in all grades since 2007…esp. in K-3; now largest in 14 yrs!

21,0 21,3 21,0 20,9 21,2 20,7

K-3 class sizes increased steadily above C4E goals

25 24,6 24,5 23,2 23,9 22,9 21,8 21,4 20,5 22,2 22,1 20,3 20,1 19,9 19,9 C4E goals Citywide actual D22 This year’s class size data is available at

http://schools.nyc.gov/AboutUs/data/classsize/classsize.htm

*All class size figures calculated averaging Gen.Ed, CTT and G&T November reporting.

11100 11050 11000 10950 10900 10850 10800 10750 10700 513

What happened in D22?

D22 gained K-3 students since 2007 but no. sections cut by 68

11082 11 079 520 505 500 500 11011 11009 480 474 10949 460 10854 445 444 440 students Section s K-3 420 400

25 24 23 22 28 27 26 27,0

Also in grades 4-8, class sizes have increased

4th-8th class sizes in D 22 increased slightly & remain way above citywide averages

27,6 27,5 27,4 26,7 26,5 26,6 26,7 26,5 26,3 25,8 25,1 24,8 25,3 24,6 23,8 23,3 22,9 22,9 C4E target Citywide actual D22

27,5 27,0 26,5 26,0 25,5 25,0 24,5 24,0 23,5 23,0

Also in HS: average citywide class sizes have risen

High School Class Sizes vs CFE Goals (DOE High School data inconsistent and unreliable)

26 26,6 26,2 25,7 26,8 26,6 25,2 26,9 26,5 24,8 27,0 26,4 24,5 27,0 26,3 24,5 Nov. Class Sizes* C4E goals Feb. Class Sizes *

There is no November reporting for the 2007-08 year, data used is from Feb. report

Ways that DOE has worked AGAINST reducing class size

• Since 2007, DOE has cut school budgets 14% – contradicting C4E prohibition against supplanting • In 2010, DOE eliminated Early grade class size funding – despite promise in C4E plan to keep it.

• In 2011, DOE decided no longer to cap class sizes in 1 st -3 rd grades at 28, leading to tripling of class sizes 30 or more in these grades.

• In 2012, DOE instructed principals to accommodate special needs students up to contractual class size maximum.

• DOE has never aligned either “Blue Book” formula or capital plan to goals in class size plan, as required by sate law.

200 100 0 700 600 500 400 300

CFE funding also flat-lined; but even when increased; city’s class sizes grew !

$0 $645 $645 22,9 23,9 $531 25 24,5 $531 24 23 22,1 22 $258 20,9 20,7 21,4 20,5 20,3 21 20,1 19,9 19,9 20 19 C4E spending (in millions) K-3 average class sizes C4E class size goals

Loss of teachers while DOE had other priorities

• Number of pedagogues (mostly teachers) has been cut by more than 5,000 since 2007, despite rising enrollment. * • Smallest # pedagogues in 2011 employed by DOE since 2003.

• Largest # non-pedagogues in 2011 employed since at least 1980. • Highest % of non-pedagogues to pedagogues since 1993. •

Spending on testing, contracts, consultants, and more bureaucrats have all risen sharply.

(*Data source: Office of Management Budget headcounts, through IBO)

But can we afford to reduce class size?

• In 2009, DOE estimated that it would cost $358 million per year to achieve average C4E class size goals across the city; • DOE estimated it would cost $448 million per year in staffing to achieve class size goals in ALL schools; plus more in capital costs for school construction.

• This year, NYC received more than $530 million in C4E funds.

Other questions re city

’

s C4E plan

• Why did the city not centrally devote ANY C4E funds to class size reduction, given its legal obligation to lower class size? • DOE finally posted C4E plan for this year only in Feb., and holding hearings now, though funds mostly spent, making mockery of public feedback and process required in law.

• Is DOE’s C4E plan for last year (2011-12) yet approved by the state ? If so, where is it posted?

NYS & NYC also violating student privacy and parental rights

• 9 states/districts including NYS sharing

confidential student and teacher data

with inBloom Inc., private corporation funded by Gates Foundation. • Data includes student names, grades, test scores, disciplinary & attendance records, race /ethnicity, economic status, disability and health issues..

• Data will be stored in a massive electronic data bank, built by Wireless Generation, run by Joel Klein & owned by Rupert Murdoch of News Corporation. • NewsCorp found to illegally spy and/or violate privacy in UK and US.

Then what?

• inBloom, Inc. plans to put this sensitive data on a cloud run by Amazon.com and transmit it to for-profit companies to help them develop and market their “learning products.” • In recent survey, 86% of IT experts say they do not trust clouds to hold their organization’s sensitive data.

• In its security policy, inBloom Inc. states they “

cannot guarantee the security of the information stored in inBloom or that the information will not be intercepted when it is being transmitted

.’ • All this is happening without parental notification or consent.

Sample data to be shared with inBloom, Inc.

What can CEC

’

s do?

• Pass resolutions on class size and privacy; we have samples for yr. consideration.

• Write a letter to Commissioner King, to protest the botched C4E process & DOE ’ s failure to reduce class size at [email protected]

• Send comments to [email protected]

; deadline March 18.

• Collect information about class sizes in your district’s schools, including violations of union contract & building code.

• Re privacy: send opt out letter to King re demanding your child’s info NOT be shared; see our fact sheet for a sample letter.

•

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