Transcript Strategic Overview: Particle and Particle Astrophysics Persis S. Drell Deputy Director Director, Particle and Particle Astrophysics 1/24/2006 EPAC.

Strategic Overview: Particle
and Particle Astrophysics
Persis S. Drell
Deputy Director
Director, Particle and Particle Astrophysics
1/24/2006
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SLAC: A Lab in Transition
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SLAC’s research vision is evolving dramatically.
 The balance and content of the scientific foci is changing
in substantial ways
Photon science is rapidly expanding
 It will be the dominant laboratory program by the end of
the decade.
 In 2009, the major accelerator-based facilities will both
be primarily serving photon science
Particle Physics and Particle Astrophysics
 Will no longer have forefront accelerator based HEP
program on site.
 Non-accelerator efforts will grow
 Will be serving user community at accelerator facilities
that will be off site
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e.g. ILC; other potential accelerator opportunities
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Photon Science Future
 X-Rays have opened the Ultra-Small World -- Realm of
SPEAR3
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1012 photons/sec from high brightness undulator
400 eV –40 KeV
50 ps pulse
limited coherence at x-ray wavelengths
 X-ray Lasers will open the Ultra-Small and Ultra-Fast
Worlds –Realm of LCLS
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1012 photons/pulse
800 eV – 9 KeV
200 fs pulse at commissioning
few * 10 fs within 1-2 years
fully coherent at x-ray wavelengths
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Linac Coherent Light Source
LCLS Will Be The World’s First X-ray Laser
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LCLS: Remarkable Opportunities
for Discovery
 Femtochemistry and
Biology
 Nanostructured
Materials
 Atomic Physics
 Plasmas and Warm
Dense Matter
 Imaging of
Nanoclusters and
Single Biomolecules
 X-ray Laser Physics
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Changes to Optimize Lab for its
Future
 New Laboratory Organization and
Management Structure
 New structure is built around four new
directorates -- Particle & Particle
Astrophysics, Photon Science, LCLS
Construction, and Operations.
 Lab is better positioned to serve the two science
focus areas
 New structure stresses the importance of strong
and effective line management at the laboratory
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Previous SLAC Organization
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An Exciting and Challenging Time in
Field of Particle Physics
 The Standard Model of quarks and leptons is fabulously
successful---and fabulously incomplete
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It only describes ~5% of the Universe
Compelling Questions confront us
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LHC
We are also developing the accelerator for discovery in the
next decade: ILC
 Within this decade a new accelerator is coming on line
with potential to make dramatic progress in our
understanding
 Non accelerator strategies essential components
achieving our scientific goals
 Long term health and future of the field of HEP relies on
ILC
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Excellent progress towards international realization of such
a machine---but not a certainty
 Budgets are very constrained
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SLAC PPA Program: Exploiting the
present and preparing for the future
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Science now or soon
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B Factory (operations to 2008)
GLAST (2007 – 2012/17)
SLAC Participation in the LHC (2007 and beyond)
Proof of principle experiments in accelerator research
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ILC (2016?)
LSST (first light 2012??)
JDEM (20??)
EXO (2012?? if R&D successful)
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Accelerator Research
R&D for science in the next decade (2010 and beyond)
R&D for farther future
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FFTB SABER
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Programmatic Priorities
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For the near term:
 We must focus on B-factory performance and delivery of
science to our largest user community
For the mid term:
 We must continue in our leadership role for the ILC
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Highest priority new facility for the world community
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Deliver the science to the user community
We must complete GLAST construction and develop the
ISOC
We must work to provide additional opportunities for
science to the HEP user community in ~2012
 e.g. LHC, LSST, EXO, JDEM,...
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For the long term:
 The R&D in accelerator science is our hope for the future of
the field
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To make the next accelerator *after* the ILC technically
feasible and affordable
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Near Term Program: Science
Now or Soon
B-factory
GLAST
SLAC Participation in the LHC
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B-Factory Program
 PEP-II Accelerator
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Collides e+ and e- with unequal
beam energies at ECM=10.58 GeV
Premier tool for studying physics of
heavy flavor
 BaBar Detector
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Optimized for B-physics at
asymmetric energy collider
Run by International Collaboration
of ~623 physicists from 80
institutions in 11 countries
Journal
Papers
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 Program of Rich Physics
 B-factory program operates until 2005
end of FY2008
 Ultimate goal: Deliver to BaBar:
2006
~1ab-1 end of FY2008
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Laboratory committed to
delivering luminosity
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Total
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Machine
Performance
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GLAST
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GLAST: g-ray Large Area Space Telescope
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GLAST measures direction, energy and time of celestial gamma
rays from 20MeV – 300 GeV
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Gamma rays probe cosmological distances in a largely unexplored
energy range
Great potential for Discoveries:
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Joint Particle Physics/Particle Astrophysics venture
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Fundamental Physics (dark matter,..)
Cosmic Particle Acceleration (SNR, jets, ..)
Physics of Relativistic Outflows (GRB’s, Pulsars, ..)
Involves 5 nations, 9 funding agencies
Fabrication project has been challenging!
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Project successfully rebaselined summer 03 after CNES withdrew
financial support
Transition to flight production much more painful than anticipated
and production anomalies summer/fall led to second rebaseline
winter 05
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LAT Instrument
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LAT Instrument
Anti-Coincidence (ACD):
 Segmented (89 tiles).
 Self-veto @ high energy limited.
 0.9997 detection efficiency (overall).
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Tracker/Converter (TKR):
 Silicon strip detectors.
 W conversion foils.
 80 m2 of silicon (total).
 106 electronics chans.
 High precision tracking,
small dead time.
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Calorimeter (CAL):
1536 CsI crystals.
 8.5 radiation lengths.
 Hodoscopic.
 Shower profile
reconstruction (leakage
correction)
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 ..\My Documents\My
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ACD Installed
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GLAST Moving Forward
 Instrument is assembled and in final
testing
 Ship to NRL for environmental testing
at end of February
 Delivery to Observatory Integration in
summer
 Mate with spacecraft and GBM and
test
 Launch 8/07
 Kennedy Space Flight Center
 Focus at SLAC transitioning to build up
of ISOC and preparation for science
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SLAC Participation in LHC
 Motivations:
 Energy frontier Physics. Synergy between LHC and
ILC.
 Experience in detector and operations relevant for
ILC.
 To maintain a healthy work force for ILC
 Strong user interest from traditional SLAC user
community
 Our experience on detector/computing are seen as
valuable assets which could help ATLAS to prepare for
the first physics at LHC.
 The M&S cost is moderate and should be able to fit
more flexibly into the Lab budget.
 Good synergy with existing LARP participation
 Strongly supported by our theory community
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Proposed Areas of Involvement
 Specific proposal for SLAC participation in ATLAS
developed under leadership of Su Dong and Charlie
Young
 Four related items:
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Pixel detector
Trigger
Simulation
Tier 2 computing center
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Simulation production
Calibration.
Primary location for physics analysis.
A really functional Tier 2 requires much more than keeping a
bunch of boxes running.
 Proposal for SLAC to join ATLAS is being presented to
you at this meeting
 Also considered CMS option
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Possible SLAC Physicist Profile
Trigger
Simulation
Pixel
Analysis
TBD
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2011
Year
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R&D for science in the next
decade: 2010 and beyond
ILC
LSST
JDEM
EXO
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ILC
 High Energy e+e- LC highest priority new machine for
world community
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SLAC has led field in development of LC design and
technology
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Champion of warm RF technology
 How has the ‘cold’ technology choice impacted the lab?
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SLAC has always been committed to playing a leadership
role in ILC independently of choice of RF technology
SLAC has accelerator expertise in all subsystems of the
collider
R&D program now restructured to address critical issues for
cold machine
 SLAC fully supports GDE effort
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SLAC staff are co-leading 4 of the technical subgroups
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ILC Machine R&D activities
 Restructured R&D program to align with the cold
decision
 Accelerator Design and CDR
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e+e- sources
Damping ring design
Beam Delivery System
Instrumentation and control systems
 All being done as part of the coordinated GDE effort
 Some accelerator R&D may be directed for additional
support
 e.g. L-band power sources
 Goals for near term:
 End of CY05: Select baseline configuration design
 End of CY06: CDR
 Goals longer term:
 CY08/09: TDR
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ILC Detector Program
 Need to grow program of linear collider detector R&D
 SLAC is working with LBNL and FNAL to provide
opportunities for user community to engage
 Simulation Effort
 Supports national and international effort
 Concept development for a detector based on Silicon
 One of several approaches in the community
 Effort is investment limited—particularly engineering
 Opportunities to grow with GLAST roll off
 You will hear a report on the status at this meeting
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LSST-Large Synoptic Survey
Telescope
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8.4 m ground based telescope
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Dark matter power density
spectrum
Constraints on Dark Energy
Dark matter and dark energy with
weak lensing
Full LSST survey will cover 20,000
square degrees, and resolve over 4
billion high-redshift (z ≤ 3) galaxies!
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Dark matter and dark energy with
supernovae
LSST will detect 250,000 type I-a
supernovae (z ≤ 1) per year!
Proposed as joint DOE/NSF
project
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Wide field of view
Weak lensing survey of entire
sky
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SLAC lead lab on camera
development
First light ~2012
Cluster survey and baryon
oscillations.
R&D effort growing with GLAST
roll off
LSST proposal in front of you
at this meeting
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Gravitational micro-lensing.
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Strong galaxy & cluster lensing:
physics of dark matter.
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Multi-image lensed SN time delays:
separate test of cosmology.
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QSO time delays vs z: independent
test of dark energy.
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The LSST Collaboration
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Johns Hopkins University
Las Cumbres Observatory
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
National Optical Astronomy Observatory
Ohio State University
Pennsylvania State University
Research Corporation
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
Stanford University
University of Arizona
University of California, Davis
University of Illinois
University of Pennsylvania
University of Washington
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LSST Camera
(shown with the secondary mirror of
the telescope)
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3.5° FOV
3.2 Giga-Pixel
10 m CCD Array
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JDEM/SNAP
 2m space based telescope—
LBNL lead lab
 Study high z SNe  Dark
Energy
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Weak Gravitational lensing 
Dark Matter
Strong Lensing Small scale
structure
 Joint project DOE and NASA
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SLAC involvement in OCU
and possibly electronics
 R&D effort growing with
GLAST roll off
 Anticipate full proposal at
next meeting
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EXO:
Enriched Xenon Observatory
 Search for bb0n decay in
 EXO Philosophy
136Xe-->136Ba++
e- e-
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Excellent energy resolution (separates bb0n from bb2n)
Positive ID Ba Ion (Ba tagging)
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Currently EXO 200 is being built
 Strategy:
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Study detector performance (no Ba+ tagging)
Look at backgrounds
Measure 2nbb mode with 1-2 year run
Sensitivity of ~0.2 eV to 0nbb mode
Continue R&D on Ba tagging for next 2-3 years
 In parallel with EXO 200 operations
 Successful R&D would lead to proposal for full EXO (ton
scale experiment)
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EXO goal: <mne>~10’s of meV
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Strategic Elements of
Accelerator Research
 Accelerator Research for Future Machines
High Gradient Studies for CLIC type machine
Development of L-band power sources for ILC
 Proof of Principle Studies of New Acceleration
Mechanisms:
Plasma Acceleration
Laser Acceleration
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Accelerator Research for Future
Machines
 Accelerator Research for ILC
 We are developing plans for R&D effort into
alternative sources of L-band power for ILC
 Plug and play replacement to multi beam
klystron at lower cost
 More innovative technologies: high risk but high
gain
 High Gradient R&D for e+e- colliders past
the ILC
 National program being encouraged by DOE
 Redirecting some of resources (people) from
warm RF R&D to these efforts
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Proof of Principle Studies of New
Acceleration Mechanisms
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Accelerator Research
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E164/E164X running
successfully (Plasma wake
field acceleration)
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Laser acceleration
experiment progressing in
NLCTA
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Talk by Mark Hogan
Limited by finite lifetime
of FFTB
Demonstrate and develop
new methods for
accelerating electrons
with laser radiation using
solid-state structures
First runs this year
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column
e-
F = -eEz
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SABER
 SABER (FFTB replacement) in proposal
development
 White paper outlining science case and project
description
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SABER Scientific Opportunities
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Plasma Wakefield Acceleration and Beam-Plasma Physics
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Continuation of successful plasma acceleration program
Extend to positrons
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Use intense E and B fields associated with the electron
bunches
Studies of ultra-fast magnetization dynamics
Magnetism and Solid State Physics
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Intense THz Light Source for Surface Chemistry
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SABER can produce ultra-short pulse of coherent THz radiation
Studies of dissociation of aligned molecules at a surface &
other surface chemistry experiments
Laboratory Astrophysics Experiments
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Calibration of cosmic ray observational techniques
Studies of dynamics of jet-plasma interactions
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Photon energies to 18 GeV
Inverse Compton Scattered Beam
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SABER Parameters
Energy
Adjustable up to 30 GeV nominal. 28.5 GeV when the
Bypass Line is used concurrently with PEP-II operation.
Charge per pulse
2 x 1010 (3 nC) electrons or positrons per pulse.
Pulse length at IP (σz)
30 μm
Spot size at IP (σx,y)
10 μm nominal
(5.2 x 5.4 μm achieved in computer simulations).
Momentum spread
4 % full width with full compression.
Momentum dispersion
at IP (η and η’)
0
Drift space available for
experimental
apparatus
2 m from last quadrupole to focal point. Approximately 23 m
from focal point to Arc 3 magnets. This space will be
available for experimental use and for the dump line
system, depending on user requirements. Further
expansion is possible by removing unused arc
magnets downstream.
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Looking Forward
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Vision for HEP at SLAC
 Highest priority is given to B-factory operations
through FY2008
 Delivery of science to our largest user community
 Other program elements
 ILC/LCD
 We hope resources saved to HEP by transfer of
responsibility of accelerator operations to BES and
eventual termination of B-factory program will be used
to help build up national ILC R&D program
 New and other reprogrammed resources will also be
essential
 We will compete through GDE process for some of those
resources
 We anticipate an aggressive growth model for ILC
program at SLAC
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This must be matched by aggressive growth in the national
program
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Vision for HEP at SLAC
 Other program elements (cont.)
 Non-accelerator based programs will grow
 SLAC Participation in LHC
 We will continue at roughly constant level:
 Accelerator R&D
 Theory
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PPA Goals for 2009
 Vibrant particle physics and particle astrophysics
programs
 ILC
 LHC
 GLAST and BaBar data
 Non-Accelerator Experiments (LSST, EXO, SNAP…)
 Strong support for operating accelerator program
(LCLS) transferred to photon science management
 Thriving cross disciplinary programs
 Accelerator Research
 Scientific Computing
 Strategic decisions now are focused on achieving
these goals
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Summary
 Enormous opportunities for world
class science at SLAC
 SLAC’s programs and leadership
central to national and international
effort
 Programs are science driven,
innovative, flexible and responsive to
scientific drivers
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