Transcript Baseline Research: Local Monitoring of Migration Impact on Youth Employment Information Basis and Methodology Joint UNECE – UNFPA Workshop on Migration Statistics 26-27 October,

Baseline Research: Local Monitoring of Migration Impact on Youth Employment
Information Basis and Methodology
Joint UNECE – UNFPA
Workshop on Migration Statistics
26-27 October, 2011 Antalya
Yelda DEVLET KARAPINAR
IOM Turkey
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Outline of Presentation
• Introductory Remarks on Global Youth,
Unemployment and Migration
• IOM and YEM Engagement in Turkey
• The Baseline Research
 Objective
 Administrative process
 Methodology
• Key Findings
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Global Youth, Unemployment and Migration
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More than one billion youth (1) live in the world today; which accounts for 18% of
the world’s population.(2)
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Youth face high unemployment and account for nearly half of the world’s total
unemployed.
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They comprise of 25% of the working age population over 15 years of age.
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Globally there are an estimated 33 million migrants under the age of 20 years,
which represents approximately 15 per cent of the total migrant population.(3)
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An estimated 11 million of this figure are aged between 15 and 19 years.(4)
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As of July 2011, the youth (15-24 age) unemployment rate in Turkey was 18.3%
(1)UNICEF, Fact Sheet on Children, Adolescents and Migration: Filling the Evidence Gap. November 2010.
(2)As above above.
(3)IOM uses the UN definition of ‘youth’, as those persons between the ages of 15 and 24 years.
(4) http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unyin/qanda.htm
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Overview of IOM and YEM Engagement
National Level:
Adaptation and implementation of employment policies
considering migrant youth
Migration and youth employment aspects included in
the National Youth Employment Action Plan (NEAP)
Institutional awareness advanced on migration
management
Local Level:
Baseline research on migration and youth
unemployment nexus
Basic life skills training programme for unemployed
migrant youth
Local authorities put specific interventions in place to
address the employment and employability issues of
young migrants, including young women in Antalya
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Why Antalya
•Antalya is the highest migration
receiving city with its nearly 2
million population as of 2011.
•Existence of huge gap between
market needs and existing human
resources related to youth
unemployment.
•Promising stakeholder structure
with an operating Turkish
Employment Institution.
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The Baseline Research_Objective
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Local monitoring
of migration
impacts on the
labour market and
employment
through processing
and analyzing
available national
data and field work
in Antalya.
i.
Understand effects of migration
on occupational labour market
changes
ii. Identify factors contributing to
the persistently high rates of
youth unemployment
iii. Analysis of key trends in migration
including seasonal, short/long term
and international, and their impact
on youth, women and labour
market in Antalya.
i.
Identify available employment
opportunities for youth and
women.
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The Baseline Research_Administrative Process
• Quantitative Part
Focus: individuals registered in
the Address Based Population
Registration System
• Qualitative Part
Focus: individuals (un)registered in
the Address Based Population
Registration System
Cooperation with Turkish Statistical
Institution (TURKSTAT)
(2000 Household Survey in Antalya)
Cooperation with a research team
of six academics
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The Baseline Research_Methodology I
Quantitative Part
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Research design and sampling
Sample survey
(individual&household)
Address blocs for 2000
households in migration prone
areas of Antalya
Training of interviewers and
controllers
Structured household and
individual interviews
Development of data entry
programme
Encoding of collected data
Preparation of data sets and
tabling
Reporting
Qualitative Part
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Research team set up
Secondary analysis of available data and
literature review on youth migration and
employment
Design of qualitative part (about 50 indepth interviews of youth 15-29 years
and 8 focus groups)
Question guideline for the in-depth
interviews and focus groups
– Migrants
– Women
– Unemployed
– Casual laborers, etc.
Stratify survey of stakeholders + identify
likely hotspots
Schedule and transcript of interviews and
focus groups
Final Part
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Triangulate the data
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The Quantitative Part
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Household interview content
Household property and consumption
level
Migration and Mobility
Literacy and Education Status
Employment
Response Rate
1456 household survey filled (%72.8)
4511 individuals in the households
interviewed (2201 male and 2310
female)
327 household unreachable (%16/4)
42 household rejected to have
interview (%2.1)
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Individual interview content
Education background
Marital Status
Migration History
Employment History
Perception towards working life
Response Rate
1009 interviewed out of 1456
household.
478 male and 531 female
interviewed between 15-29 age.
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The Qualitative Part
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In depth interview content
Sex
Age
Education
Marital Status
Employment
Economic Sector
Place migrated from
duration in Antalya in years
50 in-depth interviews of youth 15-29 years
8 focus groups
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The Baseline Research_Key Findings
• Factors affecting young
people’s work
experience in terms of;
migration, education,
sector, urban integration
and benefit from Turkish
Employment Agency
(Iskur)
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Factor 1:Education
• Primary, secondary and even
university graduates do the same
kind of work marks that education
is unable to fulfill its expected
function of providing upward
social mobility.
• Socio-economic conditions of the
family, place of living, region from
and the quality of schools and
teachers are determining factors
in the professional lives of young
people.
• In other words, migrant/
immigrant young people
participating in the labor force do
not benefit from the advantages of
their education.
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Factor 1I:Sectors and Integration
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Tourism, agriculture, construction and industrial sectors are
particularly open to young migrants
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These non–industry three-sectors function as an entrance
gate to the labor market for migrant youth with low levels of
education whereas the inhabitants are not keen to get
involved.
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Informal, unsecured working migrants, especially high school
graduates working in the tourism sector, consider this work
temporary and good only if they are single.
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Temporary work poses barriers against acquiring new skills
and experience so does not promise any better career.
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Breaking this cycle requires young people become more
skilled through vocational training or being institutionally
supported for those who want to establish their own
businesses.
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Migrants who settled in Antalya and participated in the labor
market express feelings and perceptions of marginalization
and disintegration which they cannot overcome.
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Turkish Employment Institution
• The relations of migrants with İşkur
have to be examined in the context
of the use of opportunities offered in
Antalya.
• The skills and vocational training
courses of İşkur are especially found
to be important and essential for
young people who seek sustainability
in their jobs or who want to have a
family and to move to adulthood.
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Thank you…
Yelda DEVLET KARAPINAR
[email protected]
+90 312 454 11 42
+90 530 601 66 96