Jan. 30th, 2008

AstroMeteorology at the University of Valparaíso

AstroMeteorology Group Omar Cuevas - Arlette Chacón Michel Curé

Department of Physics and Astronomy Universidad de Valparaíso

Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

History Jan. 30th, 2008 Department of Physics and Meteorology Learning MM5 system model CONICYT - DAAD project: Stay at Munich Institute of Meteorology Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

History Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV First MM5 simulation For Paranal West-East Vertical Cross section Velocity field ESO-Chile

History Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV First MM5 simulation For Paranal North - South Vertical Cross section Velocity field ESO-Chile

MIM (Munich Institute of Meteorology ): MM5 - Paranal MM5 Domains Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

MIM: MM5 - Paranal Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV TKE Turbulent Kinetic Energy Present at Lower altitude levels ESO-Chile

MIM: MM5 - Paranal Trajectories Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Omar Cuevas: MM5 user Universidad de Valparaíso 2003-2004 & 2006  Universidad de Chile 2004-2005 Trajectories

15 km

Cross section to 20º S Potential Vorticity (PV) (shadows colors) Specific humidity (black lines) Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

MM5

Atmospheric Modelling Boundary Conditions NCAR/GFS ECMWF Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

MM5: Pre & Post Processing TERRAIN MM5/MPP REGRID GFS ECMWF ETA… INTERPF Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV RIP GrADS Vis5D ESO-Chile

Macon project (2006-2007) ESO-UV contract (Marc Sarazin)

+ Arlette Chacón Objectives: • Description of the zone: Orography and Climatology.

• Statistical analysis of turbulence data and seeing.

• Meteorological analysis for some events registered of seeing.

• Analysis of meteorological data of stations in-situ.

• Analysis of turbulence (Ri y TKE) and seeing and comparison with real data measured of turbulence (Cn 2 ). Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

AstroMeteorology –Team Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV

Configuration of the model Module TERRAIN Example for Macón zone D1: 80 x 80 grids points. 27 km horizontal resolution.

D2: 70 x 97 grids points. 9 km horizontal resolution.

D3: 100 x181 grids points. 3 km horizontal resolution.

D4:73 x 85 grids points. 1 km horizontal resolution.

Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Description of the zone Paranal Macon Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Climatological Analysis (Re-Analysis) Temperature in 925 HPa Climatological Most Predominant condition: Anticyclonic Predominance Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

MM5 Forecast Potential high (black lines) Relative vorticity (shadows colors) Satellite image of infrared chanel GOES-12 Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Observed variables vs. simulated variables (MM5) Jan. 30th, 2008 Wind Speed Observed & Modeled Temperature Post-processed using a Kalman filter for ECMWF data in Paranal/La Silla Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Trajectories analysis: Paranal-Macón?

Domain 2 Trajectories Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Trajectories analysis: Tolar-Macón?

Domain 4 Trajectory 0.5 km over Macón Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Trajectories analysis: Tolar-Macón?

Jan. 30th, 2008 Tolar Astromet-UV Macon circulación cerrada

Trajectories analysis

Example: Heights crossed by trajectories Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Statistics of turbulence and seeing data

N Mean Median Std. Deviation Variante Minimum Maximum Percentiles Valid Missing 25 50 75

43672 0 ,9562 ,8209 ,52784 ,279 ,09 3,09 ,5324 ,8209 1,3015

Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Statistics of turbulence and seeing data Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Seeing vs wind speed Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Seeing vs wind speed Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Number of Richardson # Richardson for bad seeing case A dimensionless parameter whose values determines if convection is free or forced # Richardson for good seeing case Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

TKE: Turbulent Kinetic Enregy

Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

TKE for bad case of seeing

Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Thermal thickness: bad seeing (left) & “good” seeing (right) Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Gemini-South AstroMeteorology project

Analysis of meteorological predominant conditions to Cerro Pachón.

Analysis of observed data compared with simulated data.

Statistics on data of seeing.

Comparison of observation meteorological and simulate data with seeing data.

Trajectory analysis.

Comparison of atmospheric turbulence indexes, like TKE and Richardson number (Ri) with seeing.

Jan. 30th, 2008 ESO-Chile

Gemini South zone

Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope ESO-Chile

AstroMet web page

Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

E-ELT - TMT Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Seeing episode: Aug 13th, 2006 3064 m.a.s.l.

2290 m.a.s.l.

Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV 4477 m.a.s.l.

ESO-Chile

Tolar Armazones Tolonchar Macon TERRAIN-MM5 Domain 3 Resolution : 3 km Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Synoptic Analysis Infrared 00 UTC •Anticiclonic Predominance • Estratiform Cloudness (Costal trough= Vaguada Costera) • Subtropical Jet Stream, low intensity • Stable atmosphere.

Water Vapor 00 UTC Jan. 30th, 2008 Water Vapor 03 UTC Astromet-UV Water Vapor 09 UTC ESO-Chile

MM5 Simulation 03 UTC 03 UTC •Anticyclonic Predominance (500 Hpa) • Positive Vorticicity (anticiclonic) •West Circulation Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV • Subtropical Jet Stream (250 Hpa) • Low intensity • Stable Atmosphere ESO-Chile

Tolar Thermal Perturbation First 4km Potential temp.

Velocity field Potential vorticity Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

Tolonchar Thermal Perturbation: Not Clear Probably Mechanical First 10km Potential temp.

Velocity field Potential vorticity Jan. 30th, 2008 03 UTC 03 UTC Astromet-UV 04 UTC ESO-Chile

Armazones 00 UTC Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV Normal “good seeing” Night ESO-Chile

Trajectory analysis

1 km Tolar Armazones Tolonchar Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV 2 km ESO-Chile

Trajectories analysis

4 km 8 km Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

GPS-AstroMeteorology

Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV ESO-Chile

FINAL GOAL: www.dfa.uv.cl/astromet Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV

FINAL GOAL • Operational forecast (GFS & MM5) for all Observatories in Chile •Perform research in astrometeorology •Forecast the Seeing …therefore help to optimize the resources and programming of the Observations Jan. 30th, 2008 Astromet-UV